List of ancient Egyptian royal consorts

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of known royal consorts of ancient Egypt from c.3100 BC to 30 BC. Reign dates follow those included on the list of Pharaohs page. Some information is debatable and interpretations of available evidence can vary between Egyptologists.

Background[]

Nefertari, wife of Ramesses II
Hatshepsut, wife of Thutmose II and later Pharaoh in her own right
Ahmose-Nefertari, wife of Ahmose
Ankhesenpepi II with her son Pepi II

The Pharaoh's wives played an important role both in public and private life, and would be a source of political and religious power.[1] Pharaohs usually had many different wives, so that a successor could be guaranteed to succeed him. If a queen succeeded in producing an heir that inherited the throne, she would reach a position of great honour as King's Mother and may be able to rule Egypt on behalf of her son as regent if he was underage.[1] While there are many known cases of kings marrying their sisters, there were also wives of non-royal birth, such as Tiye and Nefertiti.[2] Kings such as Amenhotep III and Ramesses II are known to have married some of their daughters, though it is possible these marriages were symbolic and ceremonial rather than incestuous.[3] Apart from the chief consort, the Pharaoh would have many wives in the harem, who could be foreign-born princesses or lower-ranking Egyptian women who had little impact on politics.[4]

While women did occasionally rule as Pharaohs, they generally did not rule while married except during the Ptolemaic period. Thus, male consorts never existed during the time of the native Egyptian royal dynasties, and only Berenice IV and Cleopatra VII are listed as having male consorts who did not rule as Pharaohs.

List of Female Rulers and Co-Rulers[]

Most Queens included on this page did not rule as Pharaohs. However, some did rule in their own right following the deaths of their husbands. Four Queens from the Native Egyptian dynasties are known for certain to have ruled as Female Pharaohs:

  1. Sobekneferu (c. 1807-1802) (Possibly wife of Amenemhat IV)
  2. Hatshepsut (c. 1479-1458) (Wife of Thutmose II)
  3. Neferneferuaten (c. 1334-1332) (Wife of either Akhenaten or Smenkhare depending on her identity)
  4. Twosret (c. 1191-1190) (Wife of Seti II)

There has also been some debate on whether certain Queen regents such as Neithotep, Merneith, Khentkaus I and Khentkaus II did rule as Female Pharaohs or not. However, there is yet to be any concrete evidence that they did. The legendary Queen Nitocris was supposedly a Pharaoh at the end of the Sixth Dynasty, but no archeological evidence supports her existence.

The Ptolemaic Dynasty implemented a policy of co-rule between spouses starting with Ptolemy II and Arsinoe II. Therefore, most Queens from this dynasty are not listed as consorts as they were co-rulers of Egypt while married to their husbands. The following is a list of Female rulers and co-rulers of the Ptolemaic Dynasty:

  1. Arsinoe II (c. 277-270) ruled alongside her brother-husband Ptolemy II.
  2. Berenice II (c. 244-222) ruled alongside her husband Ptolemy III.
  3. Arsinoe III (220-204) ruled alongside her brother-husband Ptolemy IV.
  4. Cleopatra I (193-176) ruled alongside her husband Ptolemy V and as a regent on behalf of her son Ptolemy VI.
  5. Cleopatra II (175-164, 163–127, 124-116) ruled alongside her brother-husband Ptolemy VI, her younger brother (later husband) Ptolemy VIII, her son Ptolemy VII, her daughter Cleopatra III and briefly her grandson Ptolemy IX. She was the sole ruler of Egypt from 131 to 127 BC, the first woman to do so since Twosret over a millennia before.
  6. Cleopatra III (142-131, 127-101) ruled alongside her uncle-husband Ptolemy VIII, her mother Cleopatra II, her eldest son Ptolemy IX, her daughter Cleopatra IV and her second eldest son Ptolemy X.
  7. Cleopatra IV (116-115) briefly ruled alongside her brother-husband Ptolemy IX and mother Cleopatra III before being pushed out by her mother.
  8. Berenice III (101-88, 81-80) ruled alongside her uncle-husband Ptolemy X, her father Ptolemy IX and her brother-husband Ptolemy XI. She briefly ruled by herself from 81 BC to 80 BC before she was murdered on the orders of Ptolemy XI.
  9. Cleopatra V (79-68) ruled alongside her husband Ptolemy XII.
  10. Cleopatra VI (58-57) ruled alongside her sister Berenice IV. However, some historians theorise she may actually be the same person as Cleopatra V.
  11. Berenice IV (58-51) briefly ruled alongside her sister (or possibly mother) Cleopatra VI, but otherwise spent most of her reign as the sole ruler of Egypt.
  12. Cleopatra VII (51-30) ruled alongside her father Ptolemy XII, her brother-husband Ptolemy XIII, her second brother-husband Ptolemy XIV and her son Ptolemy XV.
  13. Arsinoe IV (48-47) ruled alongside her brother Ptolemy XIII in opposition to their sister Cleopatra VII.

List of Regents[]

Occasionally when the new Pharaoh was too young to rule, his mother or step-mother would rule temporarily as a regent on his behalf. Because they did not hold the title of 'King' during their time in power, they are generally not included on Lists of Pharaohs. The following Queens are likely to have ruled as regents:

  1. Neithotep possibly ruled on behalf of her son Hor-Aha (c. 3050)
  2. Merneith ruled on behalf of her son Den (c. 2970)
  3. Nimaathap possibly ruled on behalf of her son Djoser (c. 2670)
  4. Khentkaus I likely ruled as a regent, but her son or sons are unknown.
  5. Khentkaus II possibly ruled as a regent for one of her sons (Neferefre or Nyuserre Ini).
  6. Iput I possibly ruled as a regent for her son Pepi I (c. 2332)
  7. Ankhesenpepi II ruled as a regent for her son Pepi II (c. 2278)
  8. Ahhotep I ruled as a regent for her son Ahmose I (c. 1550)
  9. Ahmose-Nefertari ruled as a regent for her son Amenhotep I (c. 1541)
  10. Hatshepsut initially ruled as a regent for her step-son Thutmose III (c. 1479) before becoming Pharaoh and co-ruler.
  11. Twosret ruled as a regent for her step-son Siptah (c. 1197)

Early Dynastic Period[]

First Dynasty (c. 3150 – 2890 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
BoneLabelQueenNeithhotep-BritishMuseum-August21-08.jpg Neithhotep Narmer[5] Local Naqada Royalty(?)[5] Hor-Aha[5] - Tomb of Neithhotep, Naqada[5] Possibly ruled as regent for her son Hor-Aha.[6]
Benerib.JPG Benerib Hor-Aha[5] - - - - Umm el-Qa'ab Tomb B14[7] -
Khenthap - - Djer[5] - - Only known from the Palermo Stone, no known contemporary sources mention her.
Herneith Djer[5][8][9] - - Djet (?)[10] - Saqqara Tomb S3507(?)[5] -
Nachtneith.png Nakhtneith - - - - Umm el-Qa'ab Tomb O Complex[8] -
Djer2.png Penebui - - - - - May have died due to decapitation[9] but this is disputed.
Merneith stele.jpg Merneith Djet[5] Djer(?)[5] - Den[5] - Umm el-Qa'ab Tomb Y[5] Ruled as Regent for her son Den.[11]
Seshemetka Den(?)[12] - - - - - May have been a wife of Djer.[13]
Semat - - - - - -
Serethor - - - - - -
Betrest Anedjib(?)[8] - - Semerkhet[12] - - May have been a wife of Den.[14]

Second Dynasty (c. 2890 BC – 2686 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Ni maat hap - metjen.jpg Nimaathap Khasekhemwy[5] - - Djoser[5]
Sekhemkhet (?)
Sanakht (?) 		- Beit Khallaf (Tomb K1) (?)[5] May have ruled as regent for her son Djoser.[15]

Old Kingdom[]

Third Dynasty (c. 2686 BC – 2613 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Hetephernebti.png Hetephernebti Djoser[16] Khasekhemwy (?)[17] - - Inetkaes[17] Saqqara (?)[16] -
Djeseret-Anch-Nebti.png Djeseretnebti Sekhemkhet (?)[18] - - - - - Her status as queen is a matter of debate due to lack of royal titles found beside the name.[18]
Djefatnebti Huni (?)[19][20] - - - - - -
Meresankh I - - Sneferu[21] Hetepheres I (?)[16] - -

Fourth Dynasty (c. 2613 BC – 2498 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Reisner-hetepheres-fig30.jpg Hetepheres I Sneferu[16] Huni[21] Meresankh I (?)[16] Khufu[16] - Tomb G 7000X, Giza -
Meritites I Khufu[22] Sneferu[22] - Kawab[23]
Djedefre (?)[22] 		Hetepheres II[23] Pyramid G1-b[22] -
Henutsen Sneferu (?)[22] - Khafra (?),[22]
Khufukhaf I,
Minkhaf I 		- Pyramid G1-c[22] -
Khentetka-cropped.jpg Khentetka Djedefre[22] - - - - - -
MeresankhII-Sarcophagus MuseumOfFineArtsBoston.png Meresankh II 1) Prince Horbaef
2) Djedefre or Khafra 		Khufu (?) Meritites I (?) With Horbaef:
Djaty
Nebty-tepites 		With Horbaef:
Nefertkau III 		- -
Group of Hetepheres II and Meresankh III-30.1456-IMG 4560-white.jpg Hetepheres II 1) Prince Kawab[23]
2) Djedefre[23]
3) Khafra (?)[22] 		Khufu[23] Meritites I[23] With Kawab:
Duaenhor[23]
Kaemsekhem[23]
Mindjedef[23] 		With Kawab:
Meresankh III[22]
With Djedefre:
Neferhetepes 		Giza Tomb G7530-7540[22] -
Group of Hetepheres II and Meresankh III-30.1456-IMG 4562-white.jpg Meresankh III Khafra[22][24] Kawab[22] Hetepheres II[22] Nebemakhet[23]
Duaenre[23]
Niuserre[23]
Khenterka[23] 		Shepsetkau[23] -
Khamerernebty I Khufu (?) - Menkaure[25] Khamerernebty II[26] - -
Persenet - Nikaure[27] - Giza Tomb LG88[28] -
Hekenuhedjet - - Sekhemkare[27] - - -
King Menkaura (Mycerinus) and queen-2.jpg Khamerernebty II Menkaure[24] Khafre[24][28] Khamerernebty I[24] Khuenre[24] - Giza Tomb G3a or Tomb G3b (?)[29] -
Rekhetre Menkaure (?) - - - Giza Tomb G8530[30] -
Bunefer Shepseskaf (?)[31] - - - - Giza Tomb G8408 Unclear whether she was a wife or daughter of Shepseskaf[32]

Fifth Dynasty (c. 2498 - 2345 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Khentkaus I 2.jpg Khentkaus I Userkaf (?)[33][34] Menkaure (?)[35] - Previously believed to have been mother of Sahure and Neferirkare Kakai,[33][34] but newer evidence contradicts this theory. - Pyramid of Khentkaus I There has been much debate around this queen's identity. She may have ruled as regent for one or more of her sons.[36] Alternatively, her titles suggest that she may have ruled as Pharaoh in her own right, but this is disputed. She may have been in fact a wife of Shepseskaf or the ephemeral Thamphthis rather than Userkaf. She may even be the same person as Thampthis but this is not a widely accepted theory.[37]
Neferhetepes Userkaf[38] - - Sahure[38] Meretnebty(?)[39] Pyramid complex of Queen Neferhetepes -
Meretnebty Sahure[40] Userkaf Neferhetepes (?)[39] Neferirkare Kakai[41]
Horemsaf (?)[34]
Netjerirenre (?)[34]
Khakare (?)[34]
Nebankhre (?),[34] Shepseskare (?) 		- - Known in older studies as Neferethanebty[40]
Náprstek Museum - NM Prague 60.JPG Khentkaus II Neferirkare Kakai[33] - - Neferefre[40]
Nyuserre Ini[40] 		- Pyramid of Khentkaus II May have ruled as regent or as Pharaoh in her own right.
Khentkaus III Neferefre Neferirkare Kakai Khentkaus II[42] Menkauhor Kaiu[43] or Shepseskare(?)[44] - Giza Tomb AC 30[45] -
Reptynub Nyuserre Ini[46] - - Reputnebty (?)[47]
Khentykauhor (?)[48] 		Khamerernebty[46] - -
Khuit I Menkauhor Kaiu (?)[49][50] - - - - Saqqara Mastaba D 14 -
MeresankhIV.jpg Meresankh IV - - Raemka (?)[51]
Kaemtjenent (?)[51]
Isesi-ankh (?)[52] 		- Saqqara Tomb 82[51] May have been a wife of Djedkare Isesi[53]
Setibhor
[54] 		Djedkare Isesi[54] - - - - Pyramid of Setibhor -
Nebet Unas[50] - - Unas-ankh (?)[55] Khentkaues (?)[55]
Neferut (?)[55]
Nefertkaues (?)[55] 		Double Mastaba north-east of Pyramid of Unas[51] -
Khenut - - - Iput I (?) -
Nimaathap II
[56] 		Unknown[56] - - - - Mastaba in Giza[56] -

Sixth Dynasty (c. 2345 – 2181 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse
 Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Iput I Teti[57][58] Unas[57] Nebet or Khenut (?)[57] Pepi I[57] - Pyramid of Iput I Possibly ruled as regent for her son Pepi I.[57]
Khuit II - - Tetiankhkem[59] - Pyramid of Khuit -
Khentkaus IV
[58] 		- - Userkare (?)[58] - - -
Naert
[60] 		- - - - Tomb of Queen Naert Funerary temple discovered in 2021.[61]
Ankhesenpepi I Pepi I[57] Khui of Abydos [57] Nebet[57] Merenre Nemtyemsaf I[57] Neith[57] Saqqara[57] -
Statuette of Queen Ankhnes-meryre II and her Son, Pepy II, front view.jpg Ankhesenpepi II 1) Pepi I[57]
2) Merenre Nemtyemsaf I[13] 		With Merenre I:
Pepi II[13] 		- Pyramid Complex of Pepi I[62][63] Ruled as regent for her son Pepi II.[57]
Nubwenet Pepi I[62][64] - - - - -
Meritites IV - - - - -
Inenek-Inti - - - - -
Mehaa
[63] 		- - Hornetjerkhet[63] - -
Nedjeftet - - - - - -
'Weret-Yamtes' - - - - - The real name of this queen is unknown, 'Weret-Yamtes' is an alias meaning 'Great of Sceptre'.[65] She is mentioned on inscriptions found in the tomb of an official named Weni, which state that she conspired against the king but was punished when her plans were discovered.[66]
Flickr - pyramidtextsonline - Behenu Sketch.jpg Benehu
[67] 		Pepi I or Pepi II[67] - - - - Pyramid in South Saqqara[67] Burial discovered in 2010.[67]
Neith Pepi II[57][68][69] Pepi I[57] Ankhesenpepi I[57] Merenre Nemtyemsaf II[57] - Pyramid Complex of Pepi II[57][68] -
Iput II - - - -
Udjebten - - - - -
Ankhesenpepi III Merenre Nemtyemsaf I[69] - - - Pyramid Complex of Pepi I[69] -
Ankhesenpepi IV - - Neferkare II[63] - Mortuary chapel of Iput II[63] -
Nitocris Merenre Nemtyemsaf II (according to Legend)[70] Pepi II (according to Legend)[70] Neith (according to Legend)[70] - - - According to writings by Herodotus and Manetho, she was a queen who came to rule Egypt following the murder of her brother/husband and plotted a revenge against his murderers by building a special chamber that would flood with water from the Nile while they dined there, afterwards she committed suicide by running into a burning room.[57] Egyptologists now however believe that she was likely fictional and that her name is a misreading of the male pharaoh Neitiqerty Siptah.[57] No archeological evidence exists to support her historicity.

First Intermediate Period[]

Seventh, Eighth, Ninth and Tenth Dynasties (c. 2181 - 2040 BC)[]

No known queens from these dynasties.

Eleventh Dynasty (c. 2130 - 2060 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Neferu I Mentuhotep I[71] - - Intef I[72]
Intef II[71] 		- - -
Neferukayet Intef II[73] Intef I[73] - Intef III[74] - - -
Petroglyph queen Iah.jpg Iah Intef III[75] Intef II[75] - Mentuhotep II[75] Neferu II[75] - -
Henite
[76] 		- - - - - -

Middle Kingdom[]

Eleventh Dynasty Continued (c. 2060 - 1991 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Tem Mentuhotep II[77][75] - - Mentuhotep III[77] - Tomb DBXI.15, within the Mortuary Temple of Mentuhotep II.[77] -
Figurine Neferu Met.jpg Neferu II Intef III[77] Iah[77] - - Tomb TT319[77] -
Shrine Ashayet Naville Cropped.png Ashayet - - - - Tomb DBXI.17, within the Mortuary Temple of Mentuhotep II.[75] -
Sarcophagus of the Hathor Priestess Henhenet MET 07.230.1a-b EGDP011901.jpg Henhenet - - - - Tomb DBXI.11, within the Mortuary Temple of Mentuhotep II.[75] Died in childbirth.[75]
Shrine Sadeh Naville.png Sadeh - - - - Tomb DBXI.7, within the Mortuary Temple of Mentuhotep II.[77] -
Princess Kaiwit having her hair dressed, circa 2000BC. Wellcome M0006211.jpg Kawit - - - - Tomb DBXI.9, within the Mortuary Temple of Mentuhotep II.[75] -
Relief Kemsit Munich.JPG Kemsit - - - - Tomb TT308, within the Mortuary Temple of Mentuhotep II.[77] -
Queen Imi, Wady Hammamat.jpg Imi
[78] 		Mentuhotep III (?)[78] - - Mentuhotep IV[78] - - -

Twelfth Dynasty (c. 1991 – 1802 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Neferitatjenen Amenemhat I[79] - - Senusret I[79] Neferu III[79]
Neferusherit[79] (?)
Kayet[79] (?) 		Pyramid Complex of Amenemhet I (?)[79] -
Neferu III Senusret I[79] Amenemhat I Neferitatjenen[79] Amenemhat II[79] - Pyramid Complex of Senusret I or possibly in Dahshur[80] -
Keminub Amenemhat II (?)[81] - - - - Funerary enclosure of Amenemhat II[81] Previously believed to have been a wife of Amenemhet II, but evidence suggests that she may actually be a queen of the 13th Dynasty whose husband is unknown.[82]
Kaneferu
[81] 		- - - - - -
Senet
[83] 		- - - - - -
F0833 Louvre Reine Ouret E32564 rwk.jpg Khenemetneferhedjet I Senusret II[81][80] Amenemhat II[81][80] - Senusret III[81] - Mortuary Complex of Senusret II[81] -
Ägyptisches Museum Kairo 2019-11-09 Nofret II 02.jpg Nofret II - - - -
Itaweret - - - Funerary enclosure of Amenemhat II[81] -
Khenmet - - - -
Sithathoriunet Senusret III[84][81][80] Senusret II[84] - Amenemhat III (?)[79] - Pyramid Complex of Senusret II[84] -
Khenemetneferhedjet II - - - - Pyramid IX in the Dahshur Funerary Complex[81] -
Neferthenut - - - - Tomb II in the Pyramid Complex of Senusret III[80] -
Stele kau Budge.png Meretseger - - - - - Due to lack of contemporary sources relating to her, it is thought she may not have existed but was rather a creation of the New Kingdom.[85]
Aat false door.JPG Aat Amenemhat III[81][86] - - - - Dahshur Funerary Complex[81] -
Khenemetneferhedjet III - - - - -
Hetepi
[81] 		Amenemhat III (?)[81] - - Amenemhat IV[81] - - Unknown if she was actually a wife of Amenemhat III, as she is not known to have held the title of "King's Wife".[87]
Statue of Sobekneferu (Berlin Egyptian Museum 14475).jpg Sobekneferu Amenemhat IV[88] (according to Manetho) Amenemhat III[88] - - - Northern Mazghuna pyramid (?) First known woman to rule as Pharaoh in her own right (c. 1807-1802) for which there is archeological evidence. It is however unknown for certain if Amenemhat IV was her husband or if she was ever married to a reigning Pharaoh at all prior to her own rule.

Second Intermediate Period[]

Thirteenth Dynasty (c. 1802 – 1649 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Nofret (III) Ameny Qemau (?) - - - Hatshepsut - This queen is only known from one stele which states that she was a "king's wife" and was the mother of "king's daughter" Hatshepsut. However, it is unknown which king she was married to.[89] In 2017, a pyramid was discovered containing a canopic box naming "king's daughter" Hatshepsut and a stone slab with the name of king Ameny Qemau.[90] It is however unknown if these two king's daughters are one and the same.
Nubhetepti Hor (?)[91] - - - - - She held the title of "King's Mother", but it is unknown which king she was the mother of.[91]
Seneb[henas] I
[91] 		Khendjer (?) - - - - - -
Senebhenas.jpg Senebhenas II Sobekhotep III[92][91] - - - - - -
Neni - - - Iuhetibu Fendy
Dedetanqet (or Dedetanuq).[91] 		- -
Senebsen Neferhotep I[92] - - - - - -
Tjan Sobekhotep IV[92] - - Amenhotep[93] Nebetiunet[94] - -
Nubhotepti
[95] 		Sobekhotep VI (?) - - - - - -
Scarab Inni EA32311 Hall.png Ineni Merneferre Ay (?)[93] - - - - - One of the first queens to have her name written in a cartouche.
Louvre 032007 32.jpg Nubkhaes (I) Unknown - - - - - Either a wife of Sobekhotep V, Sobekhotep VI or Wahibre Ibiau.[91]
Aya Unknown - - - - - Either a wife of Sehetepkare Intef,[94] Imyremeshaw[94] or Sobekhotep II.[96]
Ahhotepi
[97] 		Unknown - - - - - Possibly married to a king who reigned between Hor and Khendjer.[97]
Wadjet
[97] 		Unknown - - - - - Possibly married to a king who reigned between Hor and Khendjer.[97]
Ankhmari
[97] 		Unknown - - - - - Possibly married to a king who reigned after Merneferre Ay.[97]
Nehyt
[97] 		Unknown - - - - - Possibly married to a king who reigned after Merneferre Ay.[97]
Nubhetepi II
[97] 		Unknown - - - - - Possibly married to a king who reigned after Merneferre Ay.[97]
Resunefer
[97] 		Unknown - - - - - Possibly married to a king who reigned after Merneferre Ay.[97]
Sithathor
[97] 		Unknown - - - - - Possibly married to a king who reigned after Merneferre Ay.[97]
Sitsobk
[97] 		Unknown - - - - - Possibly married to a king who reigned after Merneferre Ay.[97]

Fourteenth Dynasty (c. 1805 – 1650 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Tati Sheshi[98] Kushite Rulers of Kerma[99] Nehesy[100] - - Newer evidence suggests that Nehesy may not have actually been Tati's son.[101]

Fifteenth Dynasty (c. 1649 – 1535 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Tani
[102] 		Apepi (?)[102] - - - - - -

Sixteenth Dynasty (c. 1650 – 1580 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Mentuhotep Djehuti[103] Vizier Senebhenaf[103] Sobekhotep[103] - - Dra' Abu el-Naga' -
Sitmut
[104] 		Mentuhotep VI (?)[104] - - - Herunefer[104] - -

Seventeenth Dynasty (c. 1580 – 1550 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Nubemhat Sobekemsaf I - - - Sobekemheb[105] - -
Nubkhaes (II) Sobekemsaf II - - - - - Her burial was robbed in the late 20th Dynasty, along with that of her husband.[104]
Stele JE 16.2.22.23 Engelbach.jpg Sobekemsaf Nubkheperre Intef[104] - - - Sobekemsaf[104] - Sister of an unidentified pharaoh, possibly either Sekhemre-Heruhirmaat Intef, Sobekemsaf II or Senakhtenre Ahmose.[106] Her mother is unknown, but was given a title of "King's daughter", suggesting that Sobekemsaf could have been a granddaughter of Rahotep.[107]
Haankhes Unknown - - Ameni[104] - - -
Tetisheri 2.jpg Tetisheri Senakhtenre Ahmose Tjenna[108] Neferu[108] Seqenenre Tao[108]
Kamose (?)[109] 		Ahhotep I[108]Ahmose Inhapy[108]
Sitdjehuti[108] 		Possibly KV41 -
Ahhotep.jpg Ahhotep I Seqenenre Tao[110][109] Senakhtenre Ahmose[110][108] Tetisheri[110][108] Ahmose I[109]
Ahmose Sapair[109]
Binpu[109] 		Ahmose-Nefertari[109]
Ahmose-Henutemipet[109]
Ahmose-Tumerisy,[109] Ahmose-Nebetta[109]
Ahmose-Meritamon (?)[111] 		- Ruled as a regent for her son Ahmose I.
Ahmose Henuttamehu.jpg Ahmose Inhapy - Ahmose-Henuttamehu[109] - -
Queen Sitdjehuti's sarcophagus in Munich.jpg Sitdjehuti - Ahmose[109] - -
Queen Ahhotep II's sarcophagus.jpg Ahhotep II Kamose[112] - - - Ahmose-Sitkamose[112] - -

New Kingdom[]

Eighteenth Dynasty (c. 1550 – 1292 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Ahmes Nefertari Grab 10.JPG Ahmose-Nefertari Ahmose I[113][112] Seqenenre Tao[113] Ahhotep I[113] Ahmose-ankh[109]
Amenhotep I[113]
Siamun[109]
Ramose (?)[112] 		Ahmose-Meritamun[113]
Ahmose-Sitamun[109]
Mutnofret (?)[109] 		Dra' Abu el-Naga'[113] Ruled as regent for her son Amenhotep I.[114]
Mummy Ahmose-Sitkamose Smith.JPG Ahmose-Sitkamose Kamose[115] Ahhotep II[112] - - - -
Ahmose Henuttamehu.jpg Ahmose-Henuttamehu Seqenenre Tao[116] Ahmose-Inhapy[109] - - - -
British Museum Egypt 046.jpg Ahmose-Meritamun Amenhotep I[113] Ahmose I[113] Ahmose-Nefertari[113] - - Tomb TT358[113] -
Sitkamose
[117] 		- - - - - -
Hatshepsut's Mother, Queen Ahmose MET DP310771.jpg Ahmose Thutmose I[118][119] - - - Hatshepsut[113]
Nefrubity[113] 		Thebes[113] -
Mutnofret Ahmose I[119] - Thutmose II[119] - - -
Hatshepsut.jpg Hatshepsut Thutmose II[120][121] Thutmose I[120] Ahmose[120] - Neferure[120] KV20[120] Initially ruled as regent for her stepson Thutmose III before becoming a reigning Pharaoh herself (c. 1479-1458).
Isis-tutmosis3.jpg Iset - - Thutmose III[121] - - -
Thutmose III and family.jpg Satiah Thutmose III[122][119][121] - Ipu[122] Amenemhat (?)[122] - - Her father may have been Ahmose Pen-Nekhebet.[123]
Merytre-tomb-of-Ra.jpg Merytre-Hatshepsut - Hui[119] Menkheperre,[121] Amenhotep II[119] Nebetiunet[122]
Meritamen[119]
Iset[121]
Meritamen[A] 		Possibly KV35 -
Thutmose III and family.jpg Nebtu - - - - - -
Menhet - - - - Wady Gabbanat el-Qurud[121] Foreign wife of Syrian descent.[121]
Menwi - - - - Foreign wife of Syrian descent.[121]
Merti - - - - Foreign wife of Syrian descent.[119]
Nebsemi[124] - - - - - -
Tiaa Amenhotep II[122] - - Thutmose IV[122] - KV32[122] -
Nefertari-TuthmosisIV.jpg Nefertari Thutmose IV[122][121][119] - - - - - -
Iaret-TuthmosisIV.jpg Iaret Amenhotep II[121] - - - - -
Mutemwiya.jpg Mutemwiya - - Amenhotep III[119] - -
Ägyptisches Museum Berlin 027 detail 01.jpg Tiye Amenhotep III[125][126][127][128] Yuya[125] Tjuyu[125] Thutmose[125]
Akhenaten[125] 		Sitamun[127]
Iset[128]
Henuttaneb[126]
Nebetah[129]
Beketaten[126] 		- -
Gilukhipa Shuttarna II of Mitanni[126] - - - - -
Fragment of a relief showing princess Sitamun (Sitamen). From the mortuary temple of Amenhotep II at Thebes, Egypt. The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, London.jpg Sitamun Amenhotep III[127][128] Tiye[127][128] - - - -
Iset and Henuttaneb.jpg Iset - - - -
Tadukhipa Amenhotep III and Akhenaten[127] Tushratta of Mitanni[127] Juni[127] - - - Some Egyptologists have theorised that she may the same person as Kiya.[127]
Nofretete Neues Museum.jpg Nefertiti Akhenaten[130][131] Ay (?)[130] - - Meritaten[130]
Meketaten[130]
Ankhesenamun[130]
Neferneferuaten Tasherit[130]
Neferneferure[130]
Setepenre[130] 		- Likely candidate for the female pharaoh Neferneferuaten (c. 1334-1332).
KV55-CanopicJar-AmarnaQueen-CloseUp MetropolitanMuseum.png Kiya - - - Ankhesenpaaten Tasherit (?)[132] and/or Meritaten Tasherit (?)[132] Amarna (?)[132] Possibly the same person as Tadukhipa.[131] The usurption of her monuments suggest that she may have been disgraced later in her husband's reign.[131]
TheYoungerLady-61072-RightProfileView-PlateXCIX-TheRoyalMummies-1912.gif The Younger Lady - - Tutankhamun - KV35 Unidentified sister-wife of Akhenaten. Possibly may be either Nebetah or Beketaten.[133]
PrincesseAmarna.jpg Meritaten Smenkhkare[131] Akhenaten[131][126] Nefertiti[131][126] - Meritaten Tasherit (?)[131]
Ankhesenpaaten Tasherit (?)[126] 		- Theorised by some Egyptologists to have ruled as the female pharaoh Neferneferuaten later in her father's reign.[131]
Tutankhamun and his wife B. C. 1330.jpg Ankhesenamun 1) Akhenaten[134]
2)Tutankhamum[126]
3) Ay[126] 		- With Tutankhamun:
Two stillborn daughters[127] 		KV21 (?) -
Royal couple-MAHG 12440-IMG 9578-detail Tey.JPG Tey Ay[135] - - Nakhtmin (?)[135] - WV23 (?)[136] -
WLA brooklynmuseum Scarab of the Lady Mutnodjmet ca 1336-1327 BCE.jpg Mutnedjmet (I) Horemheb[136] Ay (?)[136] - - - KV57[136] Theorised by some Egyptologists to be Nefertiti's sister.
Nebetnehat Unknown - - - - - Married to a king from the mid-18th dynasty but it is unknown which king.[137]

Nineteenth Dynasty (c. 1292 – 1186 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Drawing Sitre Petrie.png Sitre Ramesses I[138] - - Seti I[138] - QV38[138] May have previously been known as Tia[138]
Tuya Vaticano. 02.JPG Tuya Seti I[139] Raia[139] (Lieutenant of the chariotry) Ruia[139] Ramesses II[139] Tia[139]
Henutmire(?)[139] 		QV80[139] -
Tanedjemet.jpg Tanedjemet Seti I or Ramesses II[140] Ramesses I (?) - - - QV33 -
Maler der Grabkammer der Nefertari 004.jpg Nefertari Ramesses II[141][142][143][144][145][146] - - Amun-her-khepeshef[143]
Pareherwenemef[141]
Meryre[141]
Meryatum[141] 		Meritamen[145]
Henuttawy
Baketmut[141]
Nebettawy[141]
Nefertari (?)[141] 		QV66[141] -
Isetnofret.jpg Isetnofret - - Ramesses[142]
Khaemweset[142]
Merneptah[142] 		Bintanath[142]
Isetnofret (?)[142] 		Valley of the Queens (?)[142] -
Henutmire.jpg Henutmire Seti I[143] Tuya[147] - - QV75[143] -
Maathorneferure.jpg Maathorneferure Hattusili III[144] Puduhepa[144] - One daughter[144] Gurob (?)[144] -
Akhmim6.jpg Meritamen Ramesses II[145] Nefertari[145] - - QV68[145] -
Bintanath-portrait.jpg Bintanath Isetnofret[143] - Unknown daughter[138] QV71[143] -
Nebettawy.jpg Nebettawy Nefertari[146] - - QV60[146] -
TanisStatueDetail.jpg Merytre
[148] 		- - - - -
Isetnofret-II.jpg Isetnofret II Merneptah[149] Either Ramesses II or Khaemweset[149] - Seti II[149]
Merenptah[150]
Khaemwaset[150] 		Isetnofret[149] - -
Queen Takhat.png Takhat Seti II[151] Ramesses II (?)[151] - Amenmesse[151] Twosret (?) KV10[151] Depending on whether Amenmesse was a son or brother of Seti II, she may actually be a wife of Merneptah.
Twosret.jpg Twosret - Takhat (?) Seti-Merenptah[152] Possibly one daughter[151] KV14[151] Ruled as regent for her stepson Siptah before becoming Pharaoh in her own right (c. 1191-1190).
Tiaa - - - - - -
Sutailja Seti II or Amenmesse (depending on who is the father of Siptah) - - Siptah - - Of Canaanite origin.
Tiya
[citation needed] 		Amenmesse - - - - - -

Twentieth Dynasty (c. 1190 – 1077 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Relief Tiy-Merenese Petrie.jpg Tiy-Merenese Setnakhte[153] - - Ramesses III[153] - - -
Iset-ramsesIII low.gif Iset Ta-Hemdjert Ramesses III[153][154][155] - Hemdjert[153] Ramesses VI[153] - QV51[153] -
Queen Tyti of Egypt.jpg Tyti Setnakhte (?) - Ramesses IV[154]
Khaemwaset[140]
Amun-her-khepeshef[140]
Ramesses-Meryamen (?)[140] 		- QV52[155] Previously believed to have been a wife of Ramesses X.[155]
Tiye (II) - - Pentawer[155] - - Instigated a harem conspiracy against her husband. Her ultimate fate is unknown.[155]
Duatentopet.jpg Duatentopet Ramesses IV[156] Ramesses III[157] - Ramesses V[157] - QV74[156] -
Henutwati Ramesses V[157] - - - - - -
Tawerettenru - - - - - -
Nubkhesbed Ramesses VI[157] - - Ramesses VII[157]
Amenherkhepshef[157]
Panebenkemyt[157] 		Iset[157] - -
Baketourel Ire.jpg Baketwernel Ramesses IX[156] - - - - KV10[156] -
Tentamun (I) Ramesses XI[157] Nebseny[157] - - Duathathor-Henuttawy[158]
Tentamun[158] (?) 		- -

Third Intermediate Period[]

Twenty-first Dynasty (c. 1069 - 943 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Tentamun (II) Smendes[159] Ramesses XI[158] Tentamun (?)[158] - - - -
Mutnedjmet (II) Psusennes I[159][160] Pinedjem I[159] Duathathor-Henuttawy[159] Amenemope (?) - NRT III, Tanis[159] -
Wiay
[160] 		- - - Isetemkheb[160] - -
Karimala Siamun or Psusennes II[161] Osorkon the Elder[161] - - - - -

Wives of the High Priests of Amun[]

While they were not officially pharaohs, the High Priests of Amun at Thebes were the de facto rulers of Upper Egypt during the Twenty-first dynasty, writing their names in cartouches and being buried in royal tombs. Their wives would have held a similar status to most other queens.

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Hrere Piankh (?) - - - Nodjmet - May have actually been a wife of Amenhotep.
QueenNodjmetAdoreOsiris.jpg Nodjmet Herihor[162] Amenhotep (High Priest of Amun) (?)[162] Hrere[162] Pinedjem I,[162]
Heqanefer,
Heqamaat,
Ankhefenmut 		Faienmut TT320[163][164] May have been also been married to Piankh.[162]
Duathathor-Henuttawy.jpg Duathathor-Henuttawy Pinedjem I[162][165] Ramesses XI[162] Tentamun[158] Psusennes I,[162]
Masharta,[162]
Menkheperre[162] 		Mutnedjmet,[162]
Maatkare,[162]
Henuttawy[166] 		-
Isetemkheb
[165] 		- - - - - -
Tentnabehenu
[165] 		- - - Nauny[165] - -
Tayuheret
[165] 		Masaharta[165] - - - - TT320[167] -
Djedmutesankh
[165] 		Djedkhonsuefankh[165] - - - - MMA 60[168] -
Isetemkheb
[165] 		Menkheperre[165] Psusennes I[165] Wiay[165] Pinedjem II,[165]
Smendes II,[165]
Pasebkhanut[165]
,Hori[165] 		Isetemkheb,[165]
Henuttawy,[165]
Meryetamun,[165]
Gautseshen[165] 		- -
Henuttawy Smendes II[165] Menkheperre[165] Isetemkheb[165] - Isetemkheb[165] MMA 60[168] -
Tahentdjehuty
[165] 		- - - Neskhons[165] - -
Mummy Isetemkheb-D Smith.JPG Isetemkheb Pinedjem II[165] Menkheperre[165] Isetemkheb[165] Psusennes II[165] Harweben,[165]
Henuttawy[165] 		TT320[164][169] -
Petrie Museum painted wooden stele of Neskhons.jpg Neskhons Smendes II[165] Tahentdjehuty[165] Tjanefer,[165]
Masaharta[165] 		Itawy,[165]
Nesitanebetashru[165] 		-

Twenty-second Dynasty (c. 943 - 728 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Apis Aakheperre 37 Mariette.jpg Karomama (I) Shoshenq I[160] - - Osorkon I[160] - - -
Patareshnes - - Nimlot[160] - - -
Maatkare Osorkon I[160][170] Psusennes II[160] - Shoshenq[171] - - -
Apis Aakheperre 37 Mariette.jpg Tashedkhonsu - - Takelot I[160] - - -
Shepensopdet
[170] 		- - Osorkon[170] - - -
Nesitaudjatakhet Shoshenq II[170] - - Osorkon[170] - - -
Nesitanebetashru - - Harsiese[170] - - -
Apis Aakheperre 37 Mariette.jpg Kapes Takelot I[160] - - Osorkon II[160] - - -
British Museum Egypt 095.jpg Karomama (II) Osorkon II[172] Takelot I[172] - Shoshenq[172]
Hornakht[172] 		Tashakheper[172]
Karomama[172]
[Ta?]iirmer[172] 		- Known as Karomama I.
Isetemkheb
[172] 		- - - Tjesbastperu[172] - -
Apis Aakheperre 37 Mariette.jpg Djedmutesankh
[172] 		- - Nimlot[172] - - -
Djedbastiusankh
[173] 		Shoshenq III[173] - - Takelot[173] - - -
Tadibast II
[173] 		- - Bakennefi[173] - - -
Tentamenopet
[173] 		- - - Ankhenesshoshenq[173] - -
Tjesbastperu
[174] 		Osorkon II[174] - - - - -
Louvre egide tete lionne.JPG Tadibast III Shoshenq V (?)[175] - - Osorkon IV[171] - - -

Twenty-third Dynasty (c. 837 - 735 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Karomama (III) Takelot II[176][177] Nimlot[176] (High Priest of Amun) Tentsepeh[172] Osorkon III[178] - Thebes? Granddaughter of Osorkon II. Known as Karomama II.
Tashep - - Nimlot[177] - - -
Tabeketenasket - - - Isetweret[177] - -
Tentsai Osorkon III[177] - - Takelot III[177] - - -
Karoadjet - - - - - -
Irtiubast Takelot III[176] Osorkon III (?)[176] - Osorkon[176] - - -
Kakat - - - Irbastwedjanefu[179] - -
Betjet
[citation needed] 		- - - - - -

Twenty-fourth Dynasty (c. 732 - 720 BC)[]

No known Queens from this dynasty.

Twenty-fifth Dynasty (Nubian Dynasty) (c. 744 - 656 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Pebatjma Kashta[180] - - Piye,[181]
Shabaka[181] 		Khensa,[181]
Peksater,[181]
Amenirdis I,[181]
Neferukakashta (?)[181] 		- -
Tabiry Piye[182] Alara of Nubia[182] Kasaqa - - Pyramid Ku53 in El-Kurru, Nubia[183] -
Abar.jpg Abar - - Taharqa[182] - Nuri, Tomb 35 (?)[184] Niece of Alara of Nubia.[182]
Khensa Kashta[181][180] Pebatjma[181] - - El-Kurru Pyramid Ku4[180] -
Peksater - - Cemetery D in Abydos[183] -
Nefrukekashta
[180] 		Pebatjma (?)[185] - - El-Kurru Pyramid K.52[180] -
Arty Shebitku[185] Piye[181] - - - El-Kurru Pyramid Ku6[186] -
Qalhata Shabaka[185] - Tantamani[185] - El-Kurru Pyramid Ku5[183] -
Mesbat
[187] 		- - Haremakhet (?)[187] - - -
Tabekenamun Taharqa[182] Piye[182] - - - - May be wife of Shabaka.[187]
Nubian-Queen.jpg Takahatenamun - - - Tomb 21 at Nuri (?) -
Naparaye - - - El-Kurru Pyramid Ku3[180] -
Atakhebasken - - - - Nuri Tomb Nu36[186] -
Stele of the Dream by Tantamani, Jebel Barkal, Sudan.jpg Piankharty
[185] 		Tantamani[185] - - - - - -
[..]salka
[185] 		- - - - - -
Malaqaye
[citation needed] 		- - - - - -

Late Period[]

Twenty-sixth Dynasty (Saite Dynasty) (664 - 525 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Istemabet
[188] 		Necho I - - Psamtik I - - -
Mehytenweskhet Psamtik I[189] Harsiese[189]
(High Priest of Re) 		- Necho II[189] Nitocris I[189]
Meryetneith[189] 		Medinet Habu[189] -
November13-10 StoneSarcophagusLidOfQueenKhedebneithirbinet04 KunsthistorischesMuseum.jpg Khedebneithirbinet I Necho II[189] - - Psamtik II[189] - Sebennytos (?)[189] -
Takhuit Psamtik II[190] - - Apries[190] Ankhnesneferibre[190] Athribis[190] -
Tentkheta Amasis II[191] Padineith
(Priest of Ptah) 		- Khnum-ib-Re[13]
Psamtik III[191] 		- - -
Nakhtubasterau - - Pasenenkhonsu[191]
Ahmose[191] 		- Giza Tomb LG83[191] -
Ladice Battus III of Cyrene Pheretima - - - Married the Pharaoh some time after 548 BC and returned to Cyrene in 525 BC.
Khetbeneiterboni II
[192] 		Apries[192] - - - - -
Tadiasir
[191] 		- - - Tashereniset[191] - -

Twenty-seventh Dynasty (First Persian Dynasty) (525 - 404 BC)[]

The Persian kings of Egypt generally ruled the country from afar and thus their wives played little to no part in Egyptian life and culture.[193] As stated by Egyptologist Joyce Tyldesley, "to all intents and purposes, Egypt was without a queen throughout the 27th and 31st Dynasties".[193]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Atossa 1) Cambyses[194]
2) Darius I[194] 		Cyrus the Great[194] Cassandane[194] With Darius I:
Xerxes I,[194] Achaemenes,[194] Masistes,[194] Hystaspes[194] 		- Naqsh-e Rostam -
Roxane Cambyses[195] - - - - A sister of Cambyses according to Herodotus.[195] However, Ctesias does not mention her being a sister of Cambyses.[195]
Phaidyme 1) Bardiya[196]
2) Darius I[194] 		Otanes[194] - - - - -
Artystone Darius I[194] Cyrus the Great[194] Cassandane[194] Arsames,[194] Gobryas[194] Artazostre - -
Parmys Bardiya[194] - Ariomardus[194] - - -
Phratogune - - Abrokomas,[194] Hyperantes[194] - - -
Amestris Xerxes I[194] Otanes[194] A sister of Darius Darius, Hystaspes, Artaxerxes I, Achaemenes Amytis, Rhodogune - -
Damaspia Artaxerxes I[194] - - Xerxes II[194] - - -
Alogyne of Babylon - - Sogdianus - - -
Cosmartidene of Babylon - - Darius II,[194] Arsites - - -
Andia of Babylon - - Bogapaeus Parysatis - -
Parysatis Darius II[194] Artaxerxes I[194] Andia of Babylon Artaxerxes II,[194] Cyrus,[194] Artostes,[194] Ostanes,[194] Oxendra[194] Amestris,[194] Stateira[194] - -

Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Dynasties (404 - 380 BC)[]

No known Queens from these dynasties.

Thirtieth Dynasty (380 - 343 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Khedebneithirbinet II
[197] 		Nectanebo II[197] Teos[197] - - - - -

Thirty-first Dynasty (Second Persian Dynasty) (343 - 332 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Atossa
[198] 		Artaxerxes III[194] - - Arses[194] - - -
BMVB1452-Justus Sustermans-La familia de Darius davant Alexandre el Gran.JPG Stateira I Darius III[194] - - Ariobarzanes[194] Stateira II,[194]
Drypetis[194] 		- -

Hellenistic Period[]

Argead Dynasty (332 - 309 BC)[]

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Il Sodoma. Marriage of Alexander and Roxana. detail. Villa Farnesina, Rome. fresco 3.jpg Roxana Alexander the Great[199] Oxyartes of Bactria[199] - Alexander IV[199] - - Married Alexander in 327 BC.
Fresco Alexander and Stateira.jpg Stateira II Darius III[194] Stateira I[194] - - - Married Alexander in 324 BC.
Parysatis II Artaxerxes III[194] - - - -
Eurydice II of Macedon Philip III[199] Amyntas IV[199] Cynna[199] - - - -

Ptolemaic Dynasty (305 - 30 BC)[]

Most Queens of this dynasty starting with Arsinoe II held power as co-rulers with their husbands. Below is a list of consorts who are not known to have held power as co-rulers.

Picture Name Spouse Father Mother Sons Daughters Burial Place Notes
Eurydice Ptolemy I[200] Antipater[200] - Ptolemy Keraunos,[200]
Meleager,[200]
Agathocles (?),[200]
Argeus (?)[200] 		Ptolemais,[200] Lysandra[200] - -
Ptolemy I and Berenike I.jpg Berenice I Magas of Macedon[200] Antigone of Macedon[200] Ptolemy II[200] Arsinoe II,[200] Philotera[200] - -
Arsinoe I Dekadrachme.jpg Arsinoe I Ptolemy II[200] Lysimachus[200] Nicaea of Macedon Ptolemy III,[200]
Lysimachus[200] 		Berenice[200] - Exiled to Coptos by Ptolemy II.
Cleopatra Selene Obverse.jpg Cleopatra Selene 1) Ptolemy IX[201]
2) Ptolemy X[201] 		Ptolemy VIII[201] Cleopatra III[201] - - - Unlike most Queens of this period, she was not made co-ruler due to the influence of her mother Cleopatra III. After Ptolemy IX was driven out of Egypt by his mother in 107 BC, Cleopatra Selene married her brother Ptolemy X. In 102 BC, she was forced by her mother to divorce Ptolemy X and marry Antiochus VIII of the Seleucid Empire to seal an alliance. She is sometimes named Cleopatra V due to the general confusion over the numbering of the queens named Cleopatra.[201]
Seleucus VII Philometor Berenice IV Antiochus X Eusebes[202] Cleopatra Selene[202] - - - Murdered on the orders of Berenice IV after a few days of marriage.[202] While he was technically a co-regent with Berenice, he is usually not included on Lists of Pharaohs.
Archelaus
[203] 		Archelaus[203] (General) - - - - While there is a possibility he was a co-regent,[203] there is no confirmed proof of this.
Marcus Antonius marble bust in the Vatican Museums.jpg Mark Antony Cleopatra VII[204] Marcus Antonius Creticus Julia Alexander Helios,[204]
Ptolemy Philadelphus[204] 		Cleopatra Selene II[204] - -

Notes[]

  • A ^ Thutmose III and Hatshepsut-Meryetre had two daughters named Meritamen.[119]

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b Tyldesley, Joyce (2006). Chronicle of the Queens of Egypt. United Kingdom: Thames & Hudson. p. 16. ISBN 0-500-05145-3.
  2. ^ Tyldesley, Joyce (2006). Chronicle of the Queens of Egypt. United Kingdom: Thames & Hudson. pp. 16–17. ISBN 0-500-05145-3.
  3. ^ Tyldesley, Joyce (2006). Chronicle of the Queens of Egypt. United Kingdom: Thames & Hudson. p. 17. ISBN 0-500-05145-3.
  4. ^ Tyldesley, Joyce (2006). Chronicle of the Queens of Egypt. United Kingdom: Thames & Hudson. p. 18. ISBN 0-500-05145-3.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Tyldesley, Joyce (2006). Chronicle of the Queens of Egypt. United Kingdom: Thames & Hudson. p. 26. ISBN 0-500-05145-3.
  6. ^ Tyldesley, Joyce (2006). Chronicle of the Queens of Egypt. United Kingdom: Thames & Hudson. p. 29. ISBN 0-500-05145-3.
  7. ^ B. Porter and R.L.B. Moss. Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Reliefs, and Paintings, V. Upper Egypt: Sites. Oxford, 1937, pg 88,89
  8. ^ Jump up to: a b c Dodson, Aidan; Hilton, Dyan (2010). The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt. United Kingdom: Thames & Hudson. p. 46. ISBN 978-0-500-28857-3.
  9. ^ Jump up to: a b Wolfgang Helck: Untersuchungen zur Thinitenzeit (= Ägyptologische Abhandlungen. Bd. 45). Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1987, ISBN 3-447-02677-4, p. 119 & 154.
  10. ^ Baker, Darrell D. (2008). Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs Volume 1: Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty 3300-1069 BC. Egypt: The American University in Cairo Press. p. 95. ISBN 978-977-416-221-3.
  11. ^ Tyldesley, Joyce (2006). Chronicle of the Queens of Egypt. United Kingdom: Thames & Hudson. p. 33. ISBN 0-500-05145-3.
  12. ^ Jump up to: a b Tyldesley, Joyce (2006). Chronicle of the Queens of Egypt. United Kingdom: Thames & Hudson. p. 34. ISBN 0-500-05145-3.
  13. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Grajetzki, Ancient Egyptian Queens: A Hieroglyphic Dictionary, Golden House Publications, London, 2005, ISBN 978-0-9547218-9-3
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