List of chairs of the National Museum of Natural History (France)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The following is a list persons who have held the chairs of the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle. The number of chaired positions, and their subject areas, have evolved since the creation of the original twelve chairs, some being subdivided into two positions and others removed. (Titles translated)

  • Animal Anatomy
  • Human Anatomy
    • 1793 to 1832: Antoine Portal
    • 1832 to 1838: Pierre Flourens. This chair was renamed Anatomy and Natural History of Man.
      • Anatomy and Natural History of Man
        • 1839 to 1855: Etienne Serres. This chair was renamed Anthropology.
          • Anthropology
            • 1855 to 1892: Jean Louis Armand de Quatrefages de Bréau
            • 1892 to 1908: Ernest Hamy
            • 1909 to 1927: René Verneau
            • 1928 to 1936: Paul Rivet. This chair was renamed Ethnology of Modern Man and Fossilized Man when the Musée de l'Homme was created.
              • Ethnology of Modern Man and Fossilized Man
                • 1937 to 1940: Paul Rivet
                • 1941 to 1944:
                • 1945 to 1949: Paul Rivet
                • 1950 to 1959: Henri Vallois
                • 1960 to 1967: Henri Vallois. This chair was renamed Anthropology and Ethnology.
                  • Anthropology and ethnology
                    • 1968 to 1970: . This chair was renamed Anthropology.
                      • Anthropology
                        • 1970 to 1979: Robert Gessain
                        • 1980 to 1983: Yves Coppens
                        • 1983 to 1985: unknown
  • Comparative Physiology
    • 1837-1838: Frédéric Cuvier
    • 1838-1867: Pierre Flourens. This chair was exchanged with the chair of General Physiology by the faculty of Sciences in Paris.
  • Chemistry
    • 1779 to 1793:
    • 1804 to 1830: Louis-Nicolas Vauquelin
    • 1830 to 1850: Michel Eugène Chevreul. This chair was renamed Chemistry as Applied to Organic Compounds (Organic Chemistry).
      • Chemistry as Applied to Organic Compounds
      • 1850 to 1889: Michel Eugène Chevreul
        • 1890 to 1915: Léon-Albert Arnaud
        • 1915 to 1919: unknown
        • 1919 to 1925:
        • 1926 to 1927: unknown
        • 1928 to 1936: . This chair joined with the chair of botany to become the chair of Organic and Physical Chemistry of Plants.
          • Organic and Physical Chemistry of Plants
            • 1936 to 1940:
            • 1941: unknown. This chair was renamed Chemistry as Applied to Organic Compounds.
              • Chemistry as Applied to Organic Compounds
                • 1941 to 1957:
                • 1958 to 1967:
                • 1968: unknown
                • 1969 to 1989:
                • 1989 to 2001: not assigned
  • General Chemistry
    • 1793 to 1809: Antoine-François Fourcroy
    • 1809 to 1811: unknown
    • 1811 to 1832: André Laugier
    • 1832 to 1850: Joseph-Louis Gay-Lussac. This chair was renamed Chemistry as Applied to Inorganic Compounds.
      • Chemistry as Applied to Inorganic Compounds
  • Plants in the Countryside (literal translation)
    • 1793 to 1826: Antoine-Laurent de Jussieu
    • 1826 to 1853: Adrien-Henri de Jussieu. This chair was removed and replaced by the chair of paleontology.
  • Botany in the Museum
    • 1793 to 1833: René Desfontaines
    • 1833 to 1857: Adolphe Brongniart. This chair was renamed Botany and Plant Physiology.
      • Botany and Plant Physiology
        • 1857 to 1874: Adolphe Brongniart. This chair was renamed Botany, Organology and Plant Physiology.
          • Botany, Organology and Plant Physiology
            • 1874 to 1876: Adolphe Brongniart
            • 1876 to 1879: unknown
            • 1879 to 1914: Philippe Van Tieghem
            • 1914 to 1918: unknown
            • 1919 to 1932: Julien Noël Costantin
            • 1933: unknown. This chair was renamed Comparative Anatomy of Current Plants and Fossils and was removed in 1934. It was restored in 1937.
              • Comparative Anatomy of Current Plants and Fossils
                • 1938 to 1944: Paul Bertrand
                • 1945 to 1958: . This chair was changed to Plant Physics.
      • Plant Physics
        • 1857 to 1897: Georges Ville
        • 1898 to 1925: Léon Maquenne
        • 1926 to 1931: Marc Bridel
        • 1931 to 1934: unknown. This chair was removed in 1935. It was restored in 1959.
        • 1959 to 1960:
        • 1961 to 1962: Charles Sadron. This chair was renamed Biophysics.
          • Biophysics
            • 1962 to 1975: Charles Sadron
            • 1976 to 2001:
  • Botany (Classification and Natural Families)
    • 1874 to 1905: Édouard Bureau. After the creation of the chair of Botany (Classification and Natural Families of Cryptogams), this chair was reduced to the Phanerogams (Spermatophytes).
      • Botany (Classification and Natural Families of Phanerogams
      • Botany (Classification and Natural Families of Cryptogams
  • Horticulture (Agriculture and Culture of Gardens, Vineyards and Orchards)
  • Ecology and the Protection of Nature
    • 1955 to 1958: Georges Kuhnholtz-Lordat. This chair was renamed General Ecology.
      • General Ecology.
        • 1960 to 1962: Paul Rémy
        • 1963 to 1983: . In 1983 this chair was transformed into the Service for the Conservation of Nature whose first person in charge was François Terrasson.

Zoology (Insects, Worms and Microscopic Animals) [1]

References[]

  1. ^ See: (1987), French entomologists (1750-1950). Editions INRA/OPIE. (In French)
  • Jean Dorst (dir.), Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 253 p., Fernand Nathan, Paris, 1980, ISBN 2-09-290195-8
  • Yves Laissus, Le Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Gallimard, Paris, 1995
  • Stéphane Déligeorges, Alexandre Gady et Françoise Labalette, Le Jardin des Plantes et le Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Monum, Paris, 2004, 64 p, ISBN 2-85822-601-6
  • Annuaire et sites du Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 40 p., MNHN, Paris, rééditions décennales.
Retrieved from ""