List of current cardinals

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Generic depiction of a cardinal's choir dress
Choir dress of a cardinal, in scarlet

Cardinals are senior members of the clergy of the Catholic Church. They are almost always bishops and generally hold important roles within the church, such as governing prominent archdioceses or managing dicasteries within the Roman Curia. Cardinals are created in consistories by the pope, and one of their foremost duties is the election of a new pope (invariably from among themselves, although not a formal requirement) when the Holy See is vacant, following the death or the resignation of the reigning pontiff. The body of all cardinals is collectively known as the College of Cardinals.[1][2]

Under current ecclesiastical law, as defined by the apostolic constitution Universi Dominici gregis, only cardinals who have not passed their 80th birthday on the day on which the Holy See falls vacant are eligible to participate in a papal conclave to elect a new pope.[3] The same apostolic constitution also specifies a maximum of 120 cardinal electors who can participate in a conclave;[3] this number has often been exceeded, although never at the time of a conclave. Cardinals may also be created in pectore (reserved 'in the breast'), in which case their identities are not publicly revealed by the pope; they do not enjoy the privileges of a cardinal until their names are published. The creations of any such cardinals who have not been revealed at the pope's death or resignation automatically lapse.[1][4]

As of 5 March 2022, there are 212 cardinals, 119 of whom are cardinal electors. The most recent consistory for the creation of cardinals was held on 28 November 2020, when Pope Francis created 13 cardinals, including 9 cardinal electors.[5] Ricardo Ezzati Andrello was the most recent cardinal elector to turn 80, on 7 January 2022; Gualtiero Bassetti will be the next cardinal elector to turn 80, on 7 April 2022. Agostino Cacciavillan was the most recent cardinal to die, on 5 March 2022, at the age of 95.[6]

Cardinals[]

The College of Cardinals is divided into three orders, with official precedence in the following sequence:[1]

  1. Cardinal bishops (CB): the six cardinals who are assigned the titles of the seven suburbicarian dioceses in the vicinity of Rome[a] (plus other cardinals who are exceptionally co-opted into the order[7][8]), as appointed by the pope, as well as cardinals who are patriarchs of Eastern Catholic Churches.[9] The two most senior cardinal bishops of the College, elected by the cardinal bishops from among themselves (excluding the Eastern Catholic patriarchs) and approved by the pope,[1] are termed the dean and the vice dean, currently Giovanni Battista Re and Leonardo Sandri, respectively. The latter is currently also the senior cardinal bishop among the cardinal electors.[b]
  2. Cardinal priests (CP): bishops typically in charge of dioceses, as well as former cardinal deacons who have opted for the order.[10] The most senior cardinal priest of the College is termed the protopriest, currently Michael Michai Kitbunchu; among the cardinal electors, the senior cardinal priest is Vinko Puljić.[b]
  3. Cardinal deacons (CD): bishops who hold curial or diplomatic roles, as well as other clergy, including priests granted dispensation not to be consecrated bishops. They have the option (Latin: optatio) of becoming cardinal priests after having been cardinal deacons for ten years.[1][11] The most senior cardinal deacon of the College is termed the protodeacon, currently Renato Raffaele Martino; among the cardinal electors, the senior cardinal deacon is James Michael Harvey and the junior cardinal deacon is Mauro Gambetti.[b]

For cardinal bishops, except the Eastern Catholic patriarchs, the dean is first in precedence, followed by the vice-dean and then, in order of appointment as cardinal bishops, by the remainder. For cardinal bishops who are Eastern Catholic patriarchs, for cardinal priests and for cardinal deacons, precedence is determined by the date of the consistory in which they were created cardinals and then by the order in which they appeared in the official announcement or bulletin.

By default, this table is sorted by order of precedence. All cardinals are of the Latin Church unless otherwise stated. Cardinals belonging to institutes of consecrated life or to societies of apostolic life are indicated by the respective post-nominal letters.

This list is complete and up to date as of 5 March 2022.
* Cardinals ineligible to participate in a papal conclave
Rank Name Country Born Order Consistory Office Ref.
1 Giovanni Battista Re* Italy 30 January 1934
(age 88) 		CB 21 February 2001[i]
John Paul II 		Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Bishops [12]
2 Leonardo Sandri Argentina 18 November 1943
(age 78) 		CB 24 November 2007[ii]
Benedict XVI 		Prefect of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches (Vice-Dean of the College of Cardinals) [13]
3 Angelo Sodano* Italy 23 November 1927
(age 94) 		CB 28 June 1991[iii]
John Paul II 		Secretary of State emeritus [14]
4 Francis Arinze* Nigeria 1 November 1932
(age 89) 		CB 25 May 1985[iv]
John Paul II 		Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments [15]
5 Tarcisio Bertone SDB* Italy 2 December 1934
(age 87) 		CB 21 October 2003[v]
John Paul II 		Secretary of State emeritus and Camerlengo emeritus of the Holy Roman Church [16]
6 José Saraiva Martins CMF* Portugal 6 January 1932
(age 90) 		CB 21 February 2001[vi]
John Paul II 		Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints [17]
7 Pietro Parolin Italy 17 January 1955
(age 67) 		CB 22 February 2014[vii]
Francis 		Secretary of State [18]
8 Marc Ouellet PSS Canada 8 June 1944
(age 77) 		CB 21 October 2003[vii]
John Paul II 		Prefect of the Congregation for Bishops [19]
9 Fernando Filoni Italy 15 April 1946
(age 75) 		CB 18 February 2012[viii]
Benedict XVI 		Grand Master of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre [20]
10 Beniamino Stella* Italy 18 August 1941
(age 80) 		CB 22 February 2014[ix]
Francis 		Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for the Clergy [21]
11 Luis Antonio Gokim Tagle Philippines 21 June 1957
(age 64) 		CB 24 November 2012[x]
Benedict XVI 		Prefect of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples [22]
12 Antonios Naguib* Egypt 18 March 1935
(age 86) 		CB 20 November 2010
Benedict XVI 		Patriarch emeritus of Alexandria
(Coptic Catholic Church) 		[23]
13 Béchara Boutros Raï OMM* Lebanon 25 February 1940
(age 82) 		CB 24 November 2012
Benedict XVI 		Patriarch of Antioch
(Maronite Church) 		[24]
14 Louis Raphaël I Sako Iraq 4 July 1948
(age 73) 		CB 28 June 2018
Francis 		Patriarch of Babylon
(Chaldean Catholic Church) 		[25]
15 Michael Michai Kitbunchu* Thailand 25 January 1929
(age 93) 		CP 2 February 1983
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Bangkok [26]
16 Alexandre do Nascimento* Angola 1 March 1925
(age 97) 		CP 2 February 1983
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Luanda [27]
17 Thomas Stafford Williams* New Zealand 20 March 1930
(age 91) 		CP 2 February 1983
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Wellington [28]
18 Jozef Tomko* Slovakia 11 March 1924
(age 98) 		CP 25 May 1985[xi]
John Paul II 		President emeritus of the Pontifical Committee for International Eucharistic Congresses [29]
19 Paul Poupard* France 30 August 1930
(age 91) 		CP 25 May 1985[xi]
John Paul II 		President emeritus of the Pontifical Councils for Culture and for Interreligious Dialogue [30]
20 Friedrich Wetter* Germany 20 February 1928
(age 94) 		CP 25 May 1985
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Munich and Freising [31]
21 Nicolás de Jesús López Rodríguez* Dominican Republic 31 October 1936
(age 85) 		CP 28 June 1991
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Santo Domingo [32]
22 Roger Michael Mahony* United States 27 February 1936
(age 86) 		CP 28 June 1991
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Los Angeles [33]
23 Camillo Ruini* Italy 19 February 1931
(age 91) 		CP 28 June 1991
John Paul II 		Vicar General emeritus for Rome and Archpriest emeritus of the Papal Basilica of Saint John Lateran [34]
24 Julius Riyadi Darmaatmadja SJ* Indonesia 20 December 1934
(age 87) 		CP 26 November 1994
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Jakarta [35]
25 Emmanuel Wamala* Uganda 15 December 1926
(age 95) 		CP 26 November 1994
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Kampala [36]
26 Adam Joseph Maida* United States 18 March 1930
(age 91) 		CP 26 November 1994
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Detroit [37]
27 Vinko Puljić Bosnia and Herzegovina 8 September 1945
(age 76) 		CP 26 November 1994
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Vrhbosna [38]
28 Juan Sandoval Íñiguez* Mexico 28 March 1933
(age 88) 		CP 26 November 1994
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Guadalajara [39]
29 James Francis Stafford* United States 26 July 1932
(age 89) 		CP 21 February 1998[xii]
John Paul II 		Major Penitentiary emeritus [40]
30 Salvatore De Giorgi* Italy 6 September 1930
(age 91) 		CP 21 February 1998
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Palermo [41]
31 Antonio María Rouco Varela* Spain 20 August 1936
(age 85) 		CP 21 February 1998
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Madrid [42]
32 Polycarp Pengo Tanzania 5 August 1944
(age 77) 		CP 21 February 1998
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Dar-es-Salaam [43]
33 Christoph Schönborn OP Austria 22 January 1945
(age 77) 		CP 21 February 1998
John Paul II 		Archbishop of Vienna [44]
34 Norberto Rivera Carrera Mexico 6 June 1942
(age 79) 		CP 21 February 1998
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Mexico [45]
35 Jānis Pujats* Latvia 14 November 1930
(age 91) 		CP 21 February 1998[c]
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Riga [46]
36 Sergio Sebastiani* Italy 11 April 1931
(age 90) 		CP 21 February 2001[xiii]
John Paul II 		President emeritus of the Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See [47]
37 Crescenzio Sepe Italy 2 June 1943
(age 78) 		CP 21 February 2001[xiv]
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Naples [48]
38 Walter Kasper* Germany 5 March 1933
(age 89) 		CP 21 February 2001[xiii]
John Paul II 		President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity [49]
39 Geraldo Majella Agnelo* Brazil 19 October 1933
(age 88) 		CP 21 February 2001
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of São Salvador da Bahia [50]
40 Pedro Rubiano Sáenz* Colombia 13 September 1932
(age 89) 		CP 21 February 2001
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Bogotá [51]
41 Audrys Juozas Bačkis* Lithuania 1 February 1937
(age 85) 		CP 21 February 2001
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Vilnius [52]
42 Francisco Javier Errázuriz Ossa ISch* Chile 5 September 1933
(age 88) 		CP 21 February 2001
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Santiago de Chile [53]
43 Wilfrid Fox Napier OFM* South Africa 8 March 1941
(age 81) 		CP 21 February 2001
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Durban [54]
44 Óscar Andrés Rodríguez Maradiaga SDB Honduras 29 December 1942
(age 79) 		CP 21 February 2001
John Paul II 		Archbishop of Tegucigalpa and Coordinator of the Council of Cardinals [55]
45 Juan Luis Cipriani Thorne Peru 28 December 1943
(age 78) 		CP 21 February 2001
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Lima [56]
46 Cláudio Hummes OFM* Brazil 8 August 1934
(age 87) 		CP 21 February 2001
John Paul II 		Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for the Clergy [57]
47 Severino Poletto* Italy 18 March 1933
(age 88) 		CP 21 February 2001
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Turin [58]
48 Julián Herranz Casado* Spain 31 March 1930
(age 91) 		CP 21 October 2003[xv]
John Paul II 		President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts [59]
49 Javier Lozano Barragán* Mexico 26 January 1933
(age 89) 		CP 21 October 2003[xv]
John Paul II 		President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Health Care Workers [60]
50 Angelo Scola* Italy 7 November 1941
(age 80) 		CP 21 October 2003
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Milan [61]
51 Anthony Olubunmi Okogie* Nigeria 16 June 1936
(age 85) 		CP 21 October 2003
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Lagos [62]
52 Gabriel Zubeir Wako* Sudan 27 February 1941
(age 81) 		CP 21 October 2003
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Khartoum [63]
53 Carlos Amigo Vallejo OFM* Spain 23 August 1934
(age 87) 		CP 21 October 2003
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Seville [64]
54 Justin Francis Rigali* United States 19 April 1935
(age 86) 		CP 21 October 2003
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Philadelphia [65]
55 Ennio Antonelli* Italy 18 November 1936
(age 85) 		CP 21 October 2003
John Paul II 		President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for the Family [66]
56 Peter Kodwo Appiah Turkson Ghana 11 October 1948
(age 73) 		CP 21 October 2003
John Paul II 		Prefect emeritus of the Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development [67]
57 Telesphore Placidus Toppo* India 15 October 1939
(age 82) 		CP 21 October 2003
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Ranchi [68]
58 George Pell* Australia 8 June 1941
(age 80) 		CP 21 October 2003
John Paul II 		Prefect emeritus of the Secretariat for the Economy [69]
59 Josip Bozanić Croatia 20 March 1949
(age 72) 		CP 21 October 2003
John Paul II 		Archbishop of Zagreb [70]
60 Jean-Baptiste Phạm Minh Mẫn* Vietnam 5 March 1934
(age 88) 		CP 21 October 2003
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Ho Chi Minh City [71]
61 Philippe Barbarin France 17 October 1950
(age 71) 		CP 21 October 2003
John Paul II 		Archbishop emeritus of Lyon [72]
62 Péter Erdő Hungary 25 June 1952
(age 69) 		CP 21 October 2003
John Paul II 		Archbishop of Esztergom–Budapest [73]
63 Franc Rodé CM* Slovenia 23 September 1934
(age 87) 		CP 24 March 2006[xvi]
Benedict XVI 		Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life [74]
64 Agostino Vallini* Italy 17 April 1940
(age 81) 		CP 24 March 2006
Benedict XVI 		Pontifical Legate for the Basilicas of Saint Francis and Saint Mary of the Angels in Assisi [75]
65 Gaudencio Borbon Rosales* Philippines 10 August 1932
(age 89) 		CP 24 March 2006
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop emeritus of Manila [76]
66 Jean-Pierre Ricard France 25 September 1944
(age 77) 		CP 24 March 2006
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop emeritus of Bordeaux [77]
67 Antonio Cañizares Llovera Spain 15 October 1945
(age 76) 		CP 24 March 2006
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop of Valencia [78]
68 Seán Patrick O'Malley OFMCap United States 29 June 1944
(age 77) 		CP 24 March 2006
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop of Boston and President of the Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors [79]
69 Stanisław Dziwisz* Poland 27 April 1939
(age 82) 		CP 24 March 2006
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop emeritus of Kraków [80]
70 Joseph Zen Ze-kiun SDB* China
(Hong Kong)[d] 		13 January 1932
(age 90) 		CP 24 March 2006
Benedict XVI 		Bishop emeritus of Hong Kong [81]
71 Giovanni Lajolo* Italy 3 January 1935
(age 87) 		CP 24 November 2007[xvii]
Benedict XVI 		President emeritus of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State [82]
72 Paul Josef Cordes* Germany 5 September 1934
(age 87) 		CP 24 November 2007[xvii]
Benedict XVI 		President emeritus of the Pontifical Council Cor Unum [83]
73 Angelo Comastri Italy 17 September 1943
(age 78) 		CP 24 November 2007[xvii]
Benedict XVI 		Vicar General emeritus for Vatican City, Archpriest emeritus of the Papal Basilica of Saint Peter and President emeritus of the Fabric of Saint Peter [84]
74 Stanisław Ryłko Poland 4 July 1945
(age 76) 		CP 24 November 2007[xvii]
Benedict XVI 		Archpriest of the Papal Basilica of Saint Mary Major [85]
75 Raffaele Farina SDB* Italy 24 September 1933
(age 88) 		CP 24 November 2007[xvii]
Benedict XVI 		Archivist and Librarian emeritus of the Holy Roman Church [86]
76 Seán Baptist Brady* Ireland[e] 16 August 1939
(age 82) 		CP 24 November 2007
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop emeritus of Armagh [87]
77 Lluís Martínez Sistach* Spain 29 April 1937
(age 84) 		CP 24 November 2007
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop emeritus of Barcelona [88]
78 André Vingt-Trois France 7 November 1942
(age 79) 		CP 24 November 2007
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop emeritus of Paris [89]
79 Angelo Bagnasco Italy 14 January 1943
(age 79) 		CP 24 November 2007
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop emeritus of Genoa [90]
80 Théodore-Adrien Sarr* Senegal 28 November 1936
(age 85) 		CP 24 November 2007
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop emeritus of Dakar [91]
81 Oswald Gracias India 24 December 1944
(age 77) 		CP 24 November 2007
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop of Bombay [92]
82 Francisco Robles Ortega Mexico 2 March 1949
(age 73) 		CP 24 November 2007
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop of Guadalajara [93]
83 Daniel Nicholas DiNardo United States 23 May 1949
(age 72) 		CP 24 November 2007
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop of Galveston–Houston [94]
84 Odilo Pedro Scherer Brazil 21 September 1949
(age 72) 		CP 24 November 2007
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop of São Paulo [95]
85 John Njue Kenya 1944[f]
(age 77–78) 		CP 24 November 2007
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop emeritus of Nairobi [96]
86 Estanislao Esteban Karlic* Argentina 7 February 1926
(age 96) 		CP 24 November 2007
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop emeritus of Paraná [97]
87 Angelo Amato SDB* Italy 8 June 1938
(age 83) 		CP 20 November 2010[xviii]
Benedict XVI 		Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints [98]
88 Robert Sarah Guinea 15 June 1945
(age 76) 		CP 20 November 2010[xviii]
Benedict XVI 		Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments [99]
89 Francesco Monterisi* Italy 28 May 1934
(age 87) 		CP 20 November 2010[xviii]
Benedict XVI 		Archpriest emeritus of the Papal Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls [100]
90 Raymond Leo Burke United States 30 June 1948
(age 73) 		CP 20 November 2010[xviii]
Benedict XVI 		Patron of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta [101]
91 Kurt Koch Switzerland 15 March 1950
(age 71) 		CP 20 November 2010[xviii]
Benedict XVI 		President of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity [102]
92 Mauro Piacenza Italy 15 September 1944
(age 77) 		CP 20 November 2010[xviii]
Benedict XVI 		Major Penitentiary [103]
93 Gianfranco Ravasi Italy 18 October 1942
(age 79) 		CP 20 November 2010[xviii]
Benedict XVI 		President of the Pontifical Council for Culture [104]
94 Paolo Romeo* Italy 20 February 1938
(age 84) 		CP 20 November 2010
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop emeritus of Palermo [105]
95 Donald William Wuerl* United States 12 November 1940
(age 81) 		CP 20 November 2010
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop emeritus of Washington [106]
96 Raymundo Damasceno Assis* Brazil 15 February 1937
(age 85) 		CP 20 November 2010
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop emeritus of Aparecida [107]
97 Kazimierz Nycz Poland 1 February 1950
(age 72) 		CP 20 November 2010
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop of Warsaw [108]
98 Albert Malcolm Ranjith Patabendige Don Sri Lanka 15 November 1947
(age 74) 		CP 20 November 2010
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop of Colombo [109]
99 Reinhard Marx Germany 21 September 1953
(age 68) 		CP 20 November 2010
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop of Munich and Freising and Coordinator of the Council for the Economy [110]
100 Walter Brandmüller* Germany 5 January 1929
(age 93) 		CP 20 November 2010[xviii]
Benedict XVI 		President emeritus of the Pontifical Committee for Historical Sciences [111]
101 Manuel Monteiro de Castro* Portugal 29 March 1938
(age 83) 		CP 18 February 2012[xix]
Benedict XVI 		Major Penitentiary emeritus [112]
102 Santos Abril y Castelló* Spain 21 September 1935
(age 86) 		CP 18 February 2012[xix]
Benedict XVI 		Archpriest emeritus of the Papal Basilica of Saint Mary Major [113]
103 Antonio Maria Vegliò* Italy 3 February 1938
(age 84) 		CP 18 February 2012[xix]
Benedict XVI 		President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerant People [114]
104 Giuseppe Bertello Italy 1 October 1942
(age 79) 		CP 18 February 2012[xix]
Benedict XVI 		President emeritus of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State [115]
105 Francesco Coccopalmerio* Italy 6 March 1938
(age 84) 		CP 18 February 2012[xix]
Benedict XVI 		President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts [116]
106 João Braz de Aviz Brazil 24 April 1947
(age 74) 		CP 18 February 2012[xix]
Benedict XVI 		Prefect of the Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life [117]
107 Edwin Frederick O'Brien* United States 8 April 1939
(age 82) 		CP 18 February 2012[xix]
Benedict XVI 		Grand Master emeritus of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre [118]
108 Domenico Calcagno Italy 3 February 1943
(age 79) 		CP 18 February 2012[xix]
Benedict XVI 		President emeritus of the Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See [119]
109 Giuseppe Versaldi Italy 30 July 1943
(age 78) 		CP 18 February 2012[xix]
Benedict XVI 		Prefect of the Congregation for Catholic Education [120]
110 George Alencherry India 19 April 1945
(age 76) 		CP 18 February 2012
Benedict XVI 		Major Archbishop of Ernakulam–Angamaly
(Syro-Malabar Catholic Church) 		[121]
111 Thomas Christopher Collins Canada 16 January 1947
(age 75) 		CP 18 February 2012
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop of Toronto [122]
112 Dominik Duka OP Czech Republic 26 April 1943
(age 78) 		CP 18 February 2012
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop of Prague [123]
113 Willem Jacobus Eijk Netherlands 22 June 1953
(age 68) 		CP 18 February 2012
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop of Utrecht [124]
114 Giuseppe Betori Italy 25 February 1947
(age 75) 		CP 18 February 2012
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop of Florence [125]
115 Timothy Michael Dolan United States 6 February 1950
(age 72) 		CP 18 February 2012
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop of New York [126]
116 Rainer Maria Woelki Germany 18 August 1956
(age 65) 		CP 18 February 2012
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop of Cologne [127]
117 John Tong Hon* China
(Hong Kong)[d] 		31 July 1939
(age 82) 		CP 18 February 2012
Benedict XVI 		Bishop emeritus of Hong Kong [128]
118 Lucian Mureșan* Romania 23 May 1931
(age 90) 		CP 18 February 2012
Benedict XVI 		Major Archbishop of Făgăraș and Alba Iulia
(Romanian Greek Catholic Church) 		[129]
119 Baselios Cleemis Thottunkal India 15 June 1959
(age 62) 		CP 24 November 2012
Benedict XVI 		Major Archbishop of Trivandrum
(Syro-Malankara Catholic Church) 		[130]
120 John Olorunfemi Onaiyekan Nigeria 29 January 1944
(age 78) 		CP 24 November 2012
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop emeritus of Abuja [131]
121 Rubén Salazar Gómez Colombia 22 September 1942
(age 79) 		CP 24 November 2012
Benedict XVI 		Archbishop emeritus of Bogotá [132]
122 Vincent Gerard Nichols United Kingdom 8 November 1945
(age 76) 		CP 22 February 2014
Francis 		Archbishop of Westminster [133]
123 Leopoldo José Brenes Solórzano Nicaragua 7 March 1949
(age 73) 		CP 22 February 2014
Francis 		Archbishop of Managua [134]
124 Gérald Cyprien Lacroix ISPX Canada 27 July 1957
(age 64) 		CP 22 February 2014
Francis 		Archbishop of Quebec [135]
125 Jean-Pierre Kutwa Ivory Coast 22 December 1945
(age 76) 		CP 22 February 2014
Francis 		Archbishop of Abidjan [136]
126 Orani João Tempesta OCist Brazil 23 June 1950
(age 71) 		CP 22 February 2014
Francis 		Archbishop of São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro [137]
127 Gualtiero Bassetti Italy 7 April 1942
(age 79) 		CP 22 February 2014
Francis 		Archbishop of Perugia–Città della Pieve [138]
128 Mario Aurelio Poli Argentina 29 November 1947
(age 74) 		CP 22 February 2014
Francis 		Archbishop of Buenos Aires [139]
129 Andrew Yeom Soo-jung South Korea 5 December 1943
(age 78) 		CP 22 February 2014
Francis 		Archbishop emeritus of Seoul [140]
130 Ricardo Ezzati Andrello SDB* Chile 7 January 1942
(age 80) 		CP 22 February 2014
Francis 		Archbishop emeritus of Santiago de Chile [141]
131 Philippe Nakellentuba Ouédraogo Burkina Faso 25 January 1945
(age 77) 		CP 22 February 2014
Francis 		Archbishop of Ouagadougou [142]
132 Orlando Beltran Quevedo OMI* Philippines 11 March 1939
(age 83) 		CP 22 February 2014
Francis 		Archbishop emeritus of Cotabato [143]
133 Chibly Langlois Haiti 29 November 1958
(age 63) 		CP 22 February 2014
Francis 		Bishop of Les Cayes [144]
134 Kelvin Edward Felix* Saint Lucia 15 February 1933
(age 89) 		CP 22 February 2014
Francis 		Archbishop emeritus of Castries [145]
135 Manuel José Macário do Nascimento Clemente Portugal 16 July 1948
(age 73) 		CP 14 February 2015
Francis 		Patriarch of Lisbon [146]
136 Berhaneyesus Demerew Souraphiel CM Ethiopia 14 July 1948
(age 73) 		CP 14 February 2015
Francis 		Archbishop of Addis Abeba
(Ethiopian Catholic Church) 		[147]
137 John Atcherley Dew New Zealand 5 May 1948
(age 73) 		CP 14 February 2015
Francis 		Archbishop of Wellington [148]
138 Edoardo Menichelli* Italy 14 October 1939
(age 82) 		CP 14 February 2015
Francis 		Archbishop emeritus of Ancona–Osimo [149]
139 Pierre Nguyễn Văn Nhơn* Vietnam 1 April 1938
(age 83) 		CP 14 February 2015
Francis 		Archbishop emeritus of Hanoi [150]
140 Alberto Suárez Inda* Mexico 30 January 1939
(age 83) 		CP 14 February 2015
Francis 		Archbishop emeritus of Morelia [151]
141 Charles Maung Bo SDB Myanmar 29 October 1948
(age 73) 		CP 14 February 2015
Francis 		Archbishop of Yangon [152]
142 Francis Xavier Kriengsak Kovithavanij Thailand 27 June 1949
(age 72) 		CP 14 February 2015
Francis 		Archbishop of Bangkok [153]
143 Francesco Montenegro Italy 22 May 1946
(age 75) 		CP 14 February 2015
Francis 		Archbishop emeritus of Agrigento [154]
144 Daniel Fernando Sturla Berhouet SDB Uruguay 4 July 1959
(age 62) 		CP 14 February 2015
Francis 		Archbishop of Montevideo [155]
145 Ricardo Blázquez Pérez Spain 13 April 1942
(age 79) 		CP 14 February 2015
Francis 		Archbishop of Valladolid [156]
146 José Luis Lacunza Maestrojuán OAR Panama 24 February 1944
(age 78) 		CP 14 February 2015
Francis 		Bishop of David [157]
147 Arlindo Gomes Furtado Cape Verde 15 November 1949
(age 72) 		CP 14 February 2015
Francis 		Bishop of Santiago de Cabo Verde [158]
148 Soane Patita Paini Mafi Tonga 19 December 1961
(age 60) 		CP 14 February 2015
Francis 		Bishop of Tonga [159]
149 Luis Héctor Villalba* Argentina 11 October 1934
(age 87) 		CP 14 February 2015
Francis 		Archbishop emeritus of Tucumán [160]
150 Júlio Duarte Langa* Mozambique 27 October 1927
(age 94) 		CP 14 February 2015
Francis 		Bishop emeritus of Xai-Xai [161]
151 Dieudonné Nzapalainga CSSp Central African Republic 14 March 1967
(age 55) 		CP 19 November 2016
Francis 		Archbishop of Bangui [162]
152 Carlos Osoro Sierra Spain 16 May 1945
(age 76) 		CP 19 November 2016
Francis 		Archbishop of Madrid [163]
153 Sérgio da Rocha Brazil 21 October 1959
(age 62) 		CP 19 November 2016
Francis 		Archbishop of São Salvador da Bahia [164]
154 Blase Joseph Cupich United States 19 March 1949
(age 72) 		CP 19 November 2016
Francis 		Archbishop of Chicago [165]
155 Patrick D'Rozario CSC Bangladesh 1 October 1943
(age 78) 		CP 19 November 2016
Francis 		Archbishop emeritus of Dhaka [166]
156 Baltazar Enrique Porras Cardozo Venezuela 10 October 1944
(age 77) 		CP 19 November 2016
Francis 		Archbishop of Mérida [167]
157 Jozef De Kesel Belgium 17 June 1947
(age 74) 		CP 19 November 2016
Francis 		Archbishop of Mechelen–Brussels [168]
158 Maurice Piat CSSp* Mauritius 19 July 1941
(age 80) 		CP 19 November 2016
Francis 		Bishop of Port-Louis [169]
159 Carlos Aguiar Retes Mexico 9 January 1950
(age 72) 		CP 19 November 2016
Francis 		Archbishop of Mexico [170]
160 John Ribat MSC Papua New Guinea 9 February 1957
(age 65) 		CP 19 November 2016
Francis 		Archbishop of Port Moresby [171]
161 Joseph William Tobin CSsR United States 3 May 1952
(age 69) 		CP 19 November 2016
Francis 		Archbishop of Newark [172]
162 Jean Zerbo Mali 27 December 1943
(age 78) 		CP 28 June 2017
Francis 		Archbishop of Bamako [173]
163 Juan José Omella Omella Spain 21 April 1946
(age 75) 		CP 28 June 2017
Francis 		Archbishop of Barcelona [174]
164 Anders Arborelius OCD Sweden 24 September 1949
(age 72) 		CP 28 June 2017
Francis 		Bishop of Stockholm [175]
165 Louis-Marie Ling Mangkhanekhoun IVD Laos 8 April 1944
(age 77) 		CP 28 June 2017
Francis 		Apostolic Vicar of Vientiane [176]
166 Gregorio Rosa Chávez El Salvador 3 September 1942
(age 79) 		CP 28 June 2017
Francis 		Auxiliary Bishop of San Salvador [177]
167 Angelo De Donatis Italy 4 January 1954
(age 68) 		CP 28 June 2018
Francis 		Vicar General for Rome and Archpriest of the Papal Basilica of Saint John Lateran [178]
168 Joseph Coutts Pakistan 21 July 1945
(age 76) 		CP 28 June 2018
Francis 		Archbishop emeritus of Karachi [179]
169 António Augusto dos Santos Marto Portugal 5 May 1947
(age 74) 		CP 28 June 2018
Francis 		Bishop emeritus of Leiria–Fátima [180]
170 Pedro Ricardo Barreto Jimeno SJ Peru 12 February 1944
(age 78) 		CP 28 June 2018
Francis 		Archbishop of Huancayo [181]
171 Désiré Tsarahazana Madagascar 13 June 1954
(age 67) 		CP 28 June 2018
Francis 		Archbishop of Toamasina [182]
172 Giuseppe Petrocchi Italy 19 August 1948
(age 73) 		CP 28 June 2018
Francis 		Archbishop of L'Aquila [183]
173 Thomas Aquino Manyo Maeda Japan 3 March 1949
(age 73) 		CP 28 June 2018
Francis 		Archbishop of Osaka [184]
174 Toribio Ticona Porco* Bolivia 25 April 1937
(age 84) 		CP 28 June 2018
Francis 		Prelate emeritus of Corocoro [185]
175 Ignatius Suharyo Hardjoatmodjo Indonesia 9 July 1950
(age 71) 		CP 5 October 2019
Francis 		Archbishop of Jakarta [186]
176 Juan de la Caridad García Rodríguez Cuba 11 July 1948
(age 73) 		CP 5 October 2019
Francis 		Archbishop of San Cristóbal de la Habana [187]
177 Fridolin Ambongo Besungu OFMCap Democratic Republic of the Congo 24 January 1960
(age 62) 		CP 5 October 2019
Francis 		Archbishop of Kinshasa [188]
178 Jean-Claude Hollerich SJ Luxembourg 9 August 1958
(age 63) 		CP 5 October 2019
Francis 		Archbishop of Luxembourg [189]
179 Álvaro Leonel Ramazzini Imeri Guatemala 16 July 1947
(age 74) 		CP 5 October 2019
Francis 		Bishop of Huehuetenango [190]
180 Matteo Maria Zuppi Italy 11 October 1955
(age 66) 		CP 5 October 2019
Francis 		Archbishop of Bologna [191]
181 Cristóbal López Romero SDB Morocco 19 May 1952
(age 69) 		CP 5 October 2019
Francis 		Archbishop of Rabat [192]
182 Sigitas Tamkevičius SJ* Lithuania 7 November 1938
(age 83) 		CP 5 October 2019
Francis 		Archbishop emeritus of Kaunas [193]
183 Eugenio Dal Corso PSDP* Angola 16 May 1939
(age 82) 		CP 5 October 2019
Francis 		Bishop emeritus of Benguela [194]
184 Antoine Kambanda Rwanda 10 November 1958
(age 63) 		CP 28 November 2020
Francis 		Archbishop of Kigali [195]
185 Wilton Daniel Gregory United States 7 December 1947
(age 74) 		CP 28 November 2020
Francis 		Archbishop of Washington [196]
186 Jose Fuerte Advincula Philippines 30 March 1952
(age 69) 		CP 28 November 2020
Francis 		Archbishop of Manila [197]
187 Celestino Aós Braco OFMCap Chile 6 April 1945
(age 76) 		CP 28 November 2020
Francis 		Archbishop of Santiago de Chile [198]
188 Augusto Paolo Lojudice Italy 1 July 1964
(age 57) 		CP 28 November 2020
Francis 		Archbishop of Siena–Colle di Val d'Elsa–Montalcino [199]
189 Felipe Arizmendi Esquivel* Mexico 1 May 1940
(age 81) 		CP 28 November 2020
Francis 		Bishop emeritus of San Cristóbal de Las Casas [200]
190 Renato Raffaele Martino* Italy 23 November 1932
(age 89) 		CD 21 October 2003
John Paul II 		President emeritus of the Pontifical Councils for Justice and Peace and for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerant People [201]
191 James Michael Harvey United States 20 October 1949
(age 72) 		CD 24 November 2012
Benedict XVI 		Archpriest of the Papal Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls [202]
192 Lorenzo Baldisseri* Italy 29 September 1940
(age 81) 		CD 22 February 2014
Francis 		Secretary-General emeritus of the Synod of Bishops [203]
193 Gerhard Ludwig Müller Germany 31 December 1947
(age 74) 		CD 22 February 2014
Francis 		Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith [204]
194 Dominique Mamberti France 7 March 1952
(age 70) 		CD 14 February 2015
Francis 		Prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura [205]
195 Karl-Josef Rauber* Germany 11 April 1934
(age 87) 		CD 14 February 2015
Francis 		Apostolic Nuncio emeritus to Belgium and to Luxembourg [206]
196 Mario Zenari Italy 5 January 1946
(age 76) 		CD 19 November 2016
Francis 		Apostolic Nuncio to Syria [207]
197 Kevin Joseph Farrell United States 2 September 1947
(age 74) 		CD 19 November 2016
Francis 		Prefect of the Dicastery for the Laity, Family and Life and Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church [208]
198 Ernest Simoni* Albania 18 October 1928
(age 93) 		CD 19 November 2016
Francis 		Priest of the Archdiocese of Shkodër–Pult[g] [209]
199 Luis Francisco Ladaria Ferrer SJ Spain 19 April 1944
(age 77) 		CD 28 June 2018
Francis 		Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith [210]
200 Giovanni Angelo Becciu*[h] Italy 2 June 1948
(age 73) 		CD 28 June 2018
Francis 		Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints [211]
201 Konrad Krajewski Poland 25 November 1963
(age 58) 		CD 28 June 2018
Francis 		Almoner of His Holiness [212]
202 Aquilino Bocos Merino CMF* Spain 17 May 1938
(age 83) 		CD 28 June 2018
Francis 		Superior General emeritus of the Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of Mary [213]
203 Miguel Ángel Ayuso Guixot MCCJ Spain 17 June 1952
(age 69) 		CD 5 October 2019
Francis 		President of the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue [214]
204 José Tolentino Calaça de Mendonça Portugal 15 December 1965
(age 56) 		CD 5 October 2019
Francis 		Archivist and Librarian of the Holy Roman Church [215]
205 Michael Czerny SJ Canada 18 July 1946
(age 75) 		CD 5 October 2019
Francis 		Prefect ad interim of the Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development [216]
206 Michael Louis Fitzgerald MAfr* United Kingdom 17 August 1937
(age 84) 		CD 5 October 2019
Francis 		Apostolic Nuncio emeritus to Egypt [217]
207 Mario Grech Malta 20 February 1957
(age 65) 		CD 28 November 2020
Francis 		Secretary-General of the Synod of Bishops [218]
208 Marcello Semeraro Italy 22 December 1947
(age 74) 		CD 28 November 2020
Francis 		Prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints [219]
209 Mauro Gambetti OFMConv Italy 27 October 1965
(age 56) 		CD 28 November 2020
Francis 		Vicar General for Vatican City, Archpriest of the Papal Basilica of Saint Peter and President of the Fabric of Saint Peter [220]
210 Silvano Maria Tomasi CS* Italy 12 October 1940
(age 81) 		CD 28 November 2020
Francis 		Special Delegate to the Sovereign Military Order of Malta [221]
211 Raniero Cantalamessa OFMCap* Italy 22 July 1934
(age 87) 		CD 28 November 2020
Francis 		Preacher of the Papal Household[g] [222]
212 Enrico Feroci* Italy 27 August 1940
(age 81) 		CD 28 November 2020
Francis 		Pastor of the Shrine of Our Lady of Divine Love in Castel di Leva, Rome [223]

Former cardinals[]

As of 28 July 2018, there are three living former cardinals, listed here in chronological order of when they ceased to be a cardinal:

  • Joseph Ratzinger, created a cardinal on 27 June 1977 and elected Pope Benedict XVI on 19 April 2005[224]
  • Jorge Mario Bergoglio SJ, created a cardinal on 21 February 2001 and elected Pope Francis on 13 March 2013[225]
  • Theodore Edgar McCarrick, created a cardinal on 21 February 2001 and resigned from the College of Cardinals following allegations of sexual misconduct on 28 July 2018[226][227]

Demographics of the College of Cardinals[]

This table shows the number of current cardinals created by each pope and belonging to each order. By default, it is sorted by order of pontificate.

Currently, 119 of 212 cardinals (56.1 per cent) are eligible to participate in a papal conclave. The number of votes required to be elected pope with a two-thirds supermajority, if all 119 cardinal electors were to participate, would be 80.[3][228]

Pope Order Total Percentage of total
Cardinal bishops Cardinal priests Cardinal deacons
No. Name All Electors All Electors All Electors All Electors All Electors
264 John Paul II
16 October 1978 – 2 April 2005 		6 1 48 11 1 0 55 12 25.9% 10.1%
265 Benedict XVI
19 April 2005 – 28 February 2013 		5 3 59 34 1 1 65 38 30.7% 31.9%
266 Francis
13 March 2013 – present 		3 2 68 55 21 12 92 69 43.4% 58.0%
Total 14 6 175 100 23 13 212 119 100.0% 100.0%
Percentage of total 6.6% 5.0% 82.5% 84.0% 10.8% 10.9% 100.0% 100.0%

Cardinals by particular church sui iuris[]

While most cardinals belong to the Latin Church, which encompasses the vast majority of Catholics, a small number of cardinals belong to one of the twenty-three autonomous (sui iuris) Eastern Catholic Churches.

Currently, there are seven Eastern Catholic cardinals, including four cardinal electors, belonging to seven particular churches sui iuris:

For Eastern Catholic particular churches sui iuris, bracketed percentages in this table are in relation to all Eastern Catholic Churches as a whole.

Particular church sui iuris All cardinals Cardinal electors
Number Percentage Number Percentage
Latin Church
(Western) 		205 96.7% 115 96.6%
Eastern Churches Chaldean Catholic Church 1 0.5%
(14.3%) 		1 0.8%
(25.0%)
Coptic Catholic Church 1 0.5%
(14.3%) 		0 0.0%
(0.0%)
Ethiopian Catholic Church 1 0.5%
(14.3%) 		1 0.8%
(25.0%)
Maronite Church 1 0.5%
(14.3%) 		0 0.0%
(0.0%)
Romanian Greek Catholic Church 1 0.5%
(14.3%) 		0 0.0%
(0.0%)
Syro-Malabar Catholic Church 1 0.5%
(14.3%) 		1 0.8%
(25.0%)
Syro-Malankara Catholic Church 1 0.5%
(14.3%) 		1 0.8%
(25.0%)
Total 7 3.3%
(100.0%) 		4 3.4%
(100.0%)
Total 212 100.0% 119 100.0%

Cardinals by institute of consecrated life or society of apostolic life[]

Currently, there are 47 cardinals (22.2 per cent), including 26 cardinal electors (21.8 per cent), belonging to 25 institutes of consecrated life or societies of apostolic life. Common names, if different, are given in brackets in this table.

Post-nominal Institute or society All cardinals Cardinal electors
CM Congregation of the Mission (Vincentians/Lazarists) 2 1
CMF Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of Mary (Claretians) 2 0
CS Congregation of the Missionaries of Saint Charles Borromeo (Scalabrinians) 1 0
CSC Congregation of Holy Cross (Holy Cross Fathers) 1 1
CSSp Congregation of the Holy Spirit (Holy Ghost Fathers / Spiritans) 2 1
CSsR Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer (Redemptorists) 1 1
ISch Institute of Schönstatt Fathers 1 0
ISPX Pius X Secular Institute 1 1
IVD 1 1
MAfr Missionaries of Africa (White Fathers) 1 0
MCCJ Comboni Missionaries of the Heart of Jesus 1 1
MSC Missionaries of the Sacred Heart 1 1
OAR Order of Augustinian Recollects 1 1
OCD Order of Discalced Carmelites 1 1
OCist Order of Cistercians 1 1
OFM Order of Friars Minor (Franciscans) 3 0
OFMCap Order of Friars Minor Capuchin (Capuchins) 4 3
OFMConv Order of Friars Minor Conventual (Conventual Franciscans) 1 1
OMI Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate (Oblates) 1 0
OMM Mariamite Maronite Order (Aleppians) 1 0
OP Order of Preachers (Dominicans) 2 2
PSDP Poor Servants of Divine Providence 1 0
PSS Society of the Priests of Saint Sulpice (Sulpicians) 1 1
SDB Society of Saint Francis de Sales (Salesians) 9 4
SJ Society of Jesus (Jesuits) 6 4
None Secular clergy 165 93
Total 212 119

Cardinals by continent[]

For the purposes of this article, countries are grouped into continents generally according to the regions of the United Nations geoscheme; for the Americas region, North America comprises the Northern America, the Central America and the Caribbean subregions, while South America comprises the remaining subregion of the same name.

Continent All cardinals Cardinal electors Percentage of global Catholic population (2020)[229]
Number Percentage Number Percentage
Africa 26 12.3% 15 12.6% 19%
North America 35 16.5% 23 19.3% 20%
South America 21 9.9% 12 10.1% 28%
Asia 25 11.8% 15 12.6% 11%
Europe 100 47.2% 51 42.9% 21%
Oceania 5 2.4% 3 2.5% 1%
Total 212 100.0% 119 100.0% 100%

Cardinals by country[]

Currently, there are 87 countries that have cardinals, 65 of which have cardinal electors. The countries with the greatest percentages of all cardinals are Italy (21.2 per cent), the United States (7.1 per cent) and Spain (5.7 per cent). Among the cardinal electors, the countries with the greatest percentages are Italy (16.8 per cent), the United States (7.6 per cent) and Spain (5.0 per cent).

Country Continent All cardinals Cardinal electors
Albania Europe 1 0
Angola Africa 2 0
Argentina South America 4 2
Australia Oceania 1 0
Austria Europe 1 1
Bangladesh Asia 1 1
Belgium Europe 1 1
Bolivia South America 1 0
Bosnia and Herzegovina Europe 1 1
Brazil South America 7 4
Burkina Faso Africa 1 1
Canada North America 4 4
Cape Verde Africa 1 1
Central African Republic Africa 1 1
Chile South America 3 1
China (Hong Kong)[d] Asia 2 0
Colombia South America 2 1
Cuba North America 1 1
Democratic Republic of the Congo Africa 1 1
Croatia Europe 1 1
Czech Republic Europe 1 1
Dominican Republic North America 1 0
Egypt Africa 1 0
El Salvador North America 1 1
Ethiopia Africa 1 1
France Europe 5 4
Germany Europe 8 3
Ghana Africa 1 1
Guatemala North America 1 1
Guinea Africa 1 1
Haiti North America 1 1
Honduras North America 1 1
Hungary Europe 1 1
India Asia 4 3
Indonesia Asia 2 1
Iraq Asia 1 1
Ireland Europe 1 0
Italy Europe 45 20
Ivory Coast Africa 1 1
Japan Asia 1 1
Kenya Africa 1 1
South Korea Asia 1 1
Laos Asia 1 1
Latvia Europe 1 0
Lebanon Asia 1 0
Lithuania Europe 2 0
Luxembourg Europe 1 1
Madagascar Africa 1 1
Mali Africa 1 1
Malta Europe 1 1
Mauritius Africa 1 0
Mexico North America 7 3
Morocco Africa 1 1
Mozambique Africa 1 0
Myanmar Asia 1 1
Netherlands Europe 1 1
New Zealand Oceania 2 1
Nicaragua North America 1 1
Nigeria Africa 3 1
Pakistan Asia 1 1
Panama North America 1 1
Papua New Guinea Oceania 1 1
Peru South America 2 2
Philippines Asia 4 2
Poland Europe 4 3
Portugal Europe 5 3
Romania Europe 1 0
Rwanda Africa 1 1
Saint Lucia North America 1 0
Senegal Africa 1 0
Slovakia Europe 1 0
Slovenia Europe 1 0
South Africa Africa 1 0
Spain Europe 12 6
Sri Lanka Asia 1 1
Sudan Africa 1 0
Sweden Europe 1 1
Switzerland Europe 1 1
Tanzania Africa 1 1
Thailand Asia 2 1
Tonga Oceania 1 1
Uganda Africa 1 0
United Kingdom Europe 2 1
United States North America 15 9
Uruguay South America 1 1
Venezuela South America 1 1
Vietnam Asia 2 0
Total 212 119

See also[]

Notes[]

  1. ^ The dean of the College of Cardinals holds the title of the Suburbicarian Diocese of Ostia ex officio, in addition to his original one when first appointed a cardinal bishop.[1]
  2. ^ a b c Among the cardinal electors, the senior cardinal bishop, the senior cardinal priest, the senior cardinal deacon and the junior cardinal deacon have specific roles in a papal conclave, such as presiding over the conclave itself (the senior cardinal bishop) or announcing the election of the pope (the senior cardinal deacon).[3]
  3. ^ Created a cardinal in pectore; revealed on 21 February 2001
  4. ^ a b c Special administrative region of China
  5. ^ Territory as archbishop also in the United Kingdom
  6. ^ Exact date of birth unknown
  7. ^ a b Granted dispensation not to receive episcopal consecration
  8. ^ Resigned the rights and privileges of a cardinal on 24 September 2020
  1. ^ Created a cardinal priest; appointed a cardinal bishop on 1 October 2002
  2. ^ Created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 19 May 2018 and co-opted as a cardinal bishop on 28 June 2018
  3. ^ Created a cardinal priest; appointed a cardinal bishop on 10 January 1994
  4. ^ Created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 29 January 1996 and appointed a cardinal bishop on 25 April 2005
  5. ^ Created a cardinal priest; appointed a cardinal bishop on 10 May 2008
  6. ^ Created a cardinal deacon; appointed a cardinal bishop on 24 February 2009
  7. ^ a b Created a cardinal priest; co-opted as a cardinal bishop on 28 June 2018
  8. ^ Created a cardinal deacon; co-opted as a cardinal bishop on 28 June 2018
  9. ^ Created a cardinal deacon; appointed a cardinal bishop on 1 May 2020
  10. ^ Created a cardinal priest; co-opted as a cardinal bishop on 1 May 2020
  11. ^ a b Created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 29 January 1996
  12. ^ Created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 1 March 2008
  13. ^ a b Created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 21 February 2011
  14. ^ Created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 20 May 2006
  15. ^ a b Created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 12 June 2014
  16. ^ Created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 20 June 2016
  17. ^ a b c d e Created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 19 May 2018
  18. ^ a b c d e f g h Created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 3 May 2021
  19. ^ a b c d e f g h i Created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 4 March 2022

References[]

  1. ^ a b c d e f "The College of Cardinals General Documentazion". Holy See Press Office. 17 February 2014. The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Archived from the original on 20 July 2018. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
  2. ^ Sägmüller, Johannes Baptist (1913). "Cardinal" . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  3. ^ a b c d Pope John Paul II (22 February 1996). "Universi Dominici Gregis". The Holy See (Apostolic constitution). Libreria Editrice Vaticana. Archived from the original on 26 August 2018. Retrieved 28 February 2013.
  4. ^ Boudinhon, Auguste (1913). "In Petto" . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  5. ^ "Announcement of consistory on 28 November for the creation of new cardinals". Holy See Press Office. 25 October 2020. Archived from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
  6. ^ "Cardinal Agostino Cacciavillan passes away". Vatican News. 5 March 2022. Archived from the original on 5 March 2022. Retrieved 5 March 2022.
  7. ^ "Rescriptum ex Audientia Ss.mi: Rescriptum of the Holy Father Francis by which he has decided to co-opt into the Order of Bishops, equating them in all respects with the Cardinals holding the title of a suburbicarian Church, Cardinals Parolin, Sandri, Ouellet and Filoni". Holy See Press Office. 26 June 2018. Archived from the original on 26 June 2018. Retrieved 26 June 2018.
  8. ^ "Rescriptum ex Audientia Ss.mi: Rescritto del Santo Padre Francesco con cui ha deciso di cooptare nell'Ordine dei Vescovi, equiparandolo in tutto ai Cardinali insigniti del titolo di una Chiesa suburbicaria, l'Em.mo Cardinale Luis Antonio G. Tagle" [Rescriptum ex Audientia Ss.mi: Rescript of the Holy Father Francis, by which he decides to co-opt into the Order of Bishops His Eminence Cardinal Luis Antonio G. Tagle, equating him in all respects to the Cardinals who have been awarded the title of a suburbicarian Church]. Sala Stampa della Santa Sede (in Italian). 1 May 2020. Archived from the original on 1 May 2020. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
  9. ^ "The See of Peter – Cardinal Bishops". EWTN. Archived from the original on 26 June 2018. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
  10. ^ "The See of Peter – Cardinal Priests". EWTN. Archived from the original on 3 July 2018. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
  11. ^ "The See of Peter – Cardinal Deacons". EWTN. Archived from the original on 18 July 2018. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
  12. ^ "Re Card. Giovanni Battista". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
  13. ^ "Sandri Card. Leonardo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
  14. ^ "Sodano Card. Angelo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 4 November 2017.
  15. ^ "Arinze Card. Francis". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
  16. ^ "Bertone Card. Tarcisio, S.D.B." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
  17. ^ "Saraiva Martins Card. José, C.M.F." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
  18. ^ "Parolin Card. Pietro". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 23 November 2017.
  19. ^ "Ouellet Card. Marc, P.S.S." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
  20. ^ "Filoni Card. Fernando". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
  21. ^ "Stella Card. Beniamino". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 23 November 2017.
  22. ^ "Tagle Card. Luis Antonio Gokim". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
  23. ^ "Naguib H.B. Card. Antonios". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 25 November 2017.
  24. ^ "Raï Card. Béchara Boutros, O.M.M." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 29 July 2017. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
  25. ^ "Sako Card. Louis Raphaël I". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 12 July 2018. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  26. ^ "Kitbunchu Card. Michael Michai". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
  27. ^ "do Nascimento Card. Alexandre". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
  28. ^ "Williams Card. Thomas Stafford". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
  29. ^ "Tomko Card. Jozef". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
  30. ^ "Poupard Card. Paul". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
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