List of date cultivars

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A large number of date cultivars and varieties emerged through history of its cultivation, but the exact number is difficult to assess. Hussain and El-Zeid[1] (1975) have reported 400 varieties, while Nixon[2] (1954) named around 250. Most of those are limited to a particular region, and only a few dozen have attained broader commercial importance. The most renowned cultivars worldwide include Deglet Noor, originally of Algeria; Yahidi and Hallawi of Iraq; Medjool of Morocco; Mazafati of Iran.[3]

Name Region Native name Notes Photo
Aabel Libya
Abid Rahim Sudan Arabic: عبد رحيم In Nigeria it is called Dabino.
Aguellid Morocco [4]
Ahardane Morocco [4]
 [ar] (Ajwa) Medina in Saudi Arabia Arabic: عجوة Subject of a Hadith. [5] Emirati Ajwa date.jpg
Akerbouch Tunisia [4]
Aligue Tunisia [4]
Al-Khunaizi Qatif in Saudi Arabia
Amir Hajj or
Amer Hajj 		Iraq Soft with a thin skin and thick flesh, sometimes called "the visitor's date" because it is a delicacy served to guests.
Aseel Pakistan Urdu: أصيل Dates from Pakistan that are pitted and diced.[6] Aseel variety dates.jpg
Barakawi Sudan Arabic: بركاوي
Barhee or barhi (from Arabic barh 'a hot wind') Nearly spherical, light amber to dark brown when ripe; soft, with thick flesh and rich flavour. One of the few varieties that are good in the khalal stage when they are yellow (like a fresh grape, as opposed to dry, like a raisin).
Baydir Algeria [4]
Bejjou or bejou Tunisia 1 Dattes Bejjou.JPG
Bent Q’Bala Algeria [4]
Besser Helou Tunisia [4]
Bireir Sudan Arabic: برير
Bouffegous Morocco [4]
Bousthammi-Kahla Morocco [4]
Bouskri Morocco [4]
Cheikh Mhammed (Sheikh Mohammed) Algeria [4]
Dabbas United Arab Emirates
Turkey
Deglet Noor Algeria Algerian cultivar originated from the Zibane region in the north eastern Algerian desert (the oases of Tolga, Biskra) — so named because the centre appears light or golden when held up to the sun. This is a leading date in Libya, Algeria, the United States, and Tunisia.
Derrie or Dayri southern Iraq The "Monastery" date, these are long, slender, nearly black, and soft.
Empress Indio, California Developed by the DaVall family from a seedling of Thoory. It is large, and is softer and sweeter than Thoory. It generally has a light tan top half and brown bottom half.
Fardh or Fard Oman Deep dark brown, tender skin, sweet flavor, small seed. Keeps well when well packed.
Ftimi or Alligue Tunisia Grown in inland oases of Tunisia.
Ghars Algeria and Tunisia [4]
Goundi Tunisia [4]
Hamraya or hamrawi Algeria and Tunisia Dattes Hamraya branche.JPG
Holwah (Halawi) (Arabic for 'sweet') Soft, and extremely sweet, small to medium in size.
Haleema Hun, Libya Haleema is a woman's name.
Hayany (Hayani) Egypt Hayani is a man's name – these dates are dark-red to nearly black and soft.
Iklane Morocco [4]
Jihel Morocco [4]
Kenta Tunisia
Khadrawi or Khadrawy (Arabic: 'green') – a cultivar favoured by many Arabs, it is a soft, very dark date.
Khalasah Saudi Arabia (Arabic for 'quintessence') One of the major palm cultivars in Saudi Arabia. Its fruit is called Khlas. Notably produced in Hofuf (Al-Ahsa) and Qatif in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia (ash-Sharqīyah).
Khalt Chetoui Tunisia [4]
Khastawi (Khusatawi, Kustawy) Iraq Arabic: خستاوي The leading soft date in Iraq; it is syrupy and small in size, prized for dessert.
Khenaizi United Arab Emirates
Lagou Tunisia [4] Lagou
Lulu United Arab Emirates
Maktoom (Arabic for 'hidden') Large, red-brown, thick-skinned, soft, medium-sweet date.
Manakbir A large fruit that ripens early.
Mazafati or Mozafati Iran (Persian: مضافتی, "Suburban/Peripheral") Dark, fleshy and sweet date of medium size with a relatively high moisture content and is suited for fresh consumption, i.e. not dried. At a temperature of −5 °C (23 °F) it can be kept for up to 2 years. It is grown in Iran, in particular in Kerman province, and often named "Bam date", after the city of Bam in that province.[7] Mazafati dates - whole, halved and seed.jpg
Medjool or (Majdool) Morocco (Arabic: مجدول) From Morocco, also grown in the United States, Israel, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Jordan, United Arab Emirates, and Palestine; a large, sweet and succulent date.[8] Medjool-Date.jpg
Migraf (Mejraf) Yemen Very popular in Southern Yemen, these are large, golden-amber dates.
Mgmaget Ayuob Hun, Libya
Mishriq Sudan and Saudi Arabia Arabic: مشرق "east"
Nabtat-seyf Saudi Arabia
Piarom Iran A large, thin-skinned, black-brown semi-dry date - from Iran.[9]
Ras Ltmar Morocco [4]
Rotab Iraq Arabic: رطب From Iraq, they are dark and soft.
Safawi Saudi Arabia Mainly grown in the Al-Madina region. Soft, semi-dried date variety; distinctive deep black colour, length and medium size. Share similarities with Ajwa dates such as taste.
Sag‘ai Saudi Arabia
(Saidi) Libya Soft, very sweet, these are popular in Libya.
(Sayir) Arabic for 'common' Dark orange-brown, of medium size, soft and syrupy.
Sefri (Sufry) Saudi Arabia Arabic: صفري [5]
Israel Hebrew: צפריר Red colored sweet dates that can be eaten immediately after being cultivated from the tree
Sukkary Al Qassim, Saudi Arabia Arabic: سكري "Sugar" or "Sweet one" Yellow skinned; faintly resilient and extremely sweet, often referred to as ‘royal dates’. It is arguably the most expensive and premium variety.[10] Sukkary date.jpg
Sellaj Saudi Arabia Arabic: سلّج
Indi Sri Lanka Sinhala: ඉඳ
Tagyat Libya
Tamezwert Algeria [4]
Tamej Libya
Thoory (Thuri) Algeria Popular in Algeria, this dry date is brown-red when cured with a bluish bloom and very wrinkled skin. Its flesh is sometimes hard and brittle but the flavour described as sweet and nutty.
Tissibi Algeria [4]
Touzerzayet Tunisia Dates Tozerzait.JPG
Umeljwary Libya
Umelkhashab Saudi Arabia Brilliant red skin; bittersweet, hard white flesh
Zahidi (Arabic for '[Of the] ascetic') Medium-sized, cylindrical, light golden-brown semi-dry dates are very sugary, and sold as soft, medium-hard and hard.
Zaghloul Egypt (Arabic: زغلول) Dark red skin, long, and very crunchy when fresh (when they are typically served); extremely sweet, with sugar content creating a sense of desiccation in the mouth when eaten. The variety is essentially exclusive to Egypt, where it is subject to an element of nationalist sentiment on account of sharing a name with national hero Saad Zaghloul.
Judean date palm Israel An ancient cultivar which, in 2005, was revived from a 2000-year-old seed. This cultivar is originally from the west coast of the Dead Sea.

The Gaza Strip, especially Deir al-Balah ("Village of Dates"), is known for its exceptionally sweet red dates.[citation needed]

English Arabic English Arabic English Arabic English Arabic
Afandi أفندي Jebaily جبيلي Medjoul مدجول Sawaida سويدا
Ajwah عجوة Ka'ikah كعيكه Menaify منيفي Shahel شهل
Anbarah عنبرة Khalas خلاص Meskany مسكاني Shalaaby شلابي
Aseel أصيل Khastawi خستاوي Mishriq مشرق Sayir صاير
Baiḍ بيض Khudry خضري Mushukah مشوكة Shuqry شقري
Barny برني Khuḍab خصاب Rabiyyah ربيعة Sufry صفري
Berḥi برحي Lunah لونة Rashudiah رشوديه Sukkary سكري
Gharr غر Lubanah لبانة Safaawy صفاوي Suqa'ey صقعي
Ḥelwah حلوة Mabrum مبروم Sheeshee شيشي Wananah ونانة
Ḥilya حلية Maktoomi مكتومي Sariyyah سارية Dhawy ذاوي
Khunayzey خنيزي Um Ruhaim ام رحيم Hilali هلالي Nabtat Sultan نبتة سلطان

Gallery[]

  • Ammari

  • Angou

  • Arichti

  • Bisr Helou

  • Gounda

  • Gousbi

  • Hissa

  • Hissa

  • Kenta

  • Kentichi

  • Trounja

References[]

  1. ^ Hussain, Fazal; El-Zeid, A (1975). "Studies on physical and chemical characteristics of date varieties of Saudi Arabia". Ministry of Agriculture and Water, Saudi Arabia. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  2. ^ Nixon, R.W. (1954). "Date culture in Saudi Arabia". Ann. Date Growers' Instit. (31): 15–20.
  3. ^ Sidhu, Jiwan S. (28 February 2008). "22. Date Fruits Production and Processing". In Hui, Y. H.; Barta, József; Cano, M. Pilar (eds.). Handbook of Fruits and Fruit Processing. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 391–396. ISBN 978-0-470-27648-8.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Rhouma, Abdelmajid; Nasr, Noureddine; Zirari, Abdelmalek; Belguedj, Malek (2006). Jarvis, Devra Ivy (ed.). Indigenous knowledge in management of abiotic stress: Date palm genetic resources diversity in the oases of Maghreb region. Enhancing the Use of Crop Genetic Diversity to Manage Abiotic Stress in Agricultural Production Systems (23-27 May 2005). Budapest, Hungary: Bioversity International. pp. 57–. ISBN 978-92-9043-722-2.
  5. ^ a b Al-Khayri, Jameel M.; Jain, Shri Mohan; Johnson, Dennis V. (21 March 2015). Date Palm Genetic Resources and Utilization: Volume 2: Asia and Europe. Springer. pp. 72–75. ISBN 978-94-017-9707-8.
  6. ^ "Aseel Dates Pakistan". aseeldates.pk. Retrieved December 5, 2020.
  7. ^ "Nakhil Dates - Iranian Dates Exporter". Archived from the original on 28 May 2015. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  8. ^ "Medjool: A Date to Remember". NPR.org. 17 October 2007. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  9. ^ "Date Fruits: Benefits, Palm, cultivation - Green Diamond Dates".
  10. ^ "Popular date palm fruit types: Sukkary dates". Fodakty. Retrieved 2018-10-19.

Literature[]

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