List of islands of Taiwan

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This article is about the islands under the jurisdiction of the Republic of China, commonly known as Taiwan. For the islands controlled by the People's Republic of China, see List of islands of China.

The islands comprising the Taiwan Area under the jurisdiction of the Republic of China (ROC) are classified into various island groups. The island of Taiwan, also known as Formosa, is the largest island and the main component of the ROC-controlled territories. Islands that are claimed by the ROC but not administered, including those under the control of the People's Republic of China, and those disputed with other countries such as Senkaku Islands and most of South China Sea Islands, are excluded from this list.

At the adoption of Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China in the 1990s, these islands collectively form the "Free area of the Republic of China" or known alternatively as "Taiwan Area", which legally defines the territorial extent under the actual control of the ROC government.

Some Taiwanese islands have various translations in English due to different systems of romanization in Chinese language in use, or derivation of differing linguistic origins from Mandarin, Hokkien, indigenous languages or other foreign languages. Some islands also have different names derived from particular historical periods which remain in use to this day.[1]

Archipelagos of Taiwan[]

There are in total of 166 islands, these islands can be classified into the following geographical units:

Name Chinese Mandarin
(Pinyin)		 Taiwanese
(Pe̍h-ōe-jī)		 Hakka
(Pha̍k-fa-sṳ)		 Other name No. islands Major islands Division
Taiwan 臺灣 Táiwān Tâi-oân Thòi-vàn Formosa 22 Taiwan, Orchid, Green, Lamay, Guishan Multiple
Penghu 澎湖 Pénghú Phêⁿ-ô Phàng-fù Pescadores 90 Penghu, Xiyu, Baisha, Cimei, Wang'an Penghu County
Kinmen 金門 Jīnmén Kim-mn̂g Kîm-mùn Quemoy numerous Kinmen, Lieyu, Dadan, Erdan Kinmen County
Matsu 馬祖 Mǎzǔ Má-chó͘ Mâ-chú 36 Nangan, Beigan, Dongyin, Xiyin, Dongju, Xiju Lienchiang County
Wuqiu 烏坵 Wūqiū O͘-khiu Vû-hiu Ockseu 2 Daqiu, Xiaoqiu Kinmen County
Tungsha/Dongsha 東沙 Dōngshā Tang-soa Tûng-sâ Pratas 1 Pratas Island Kaohsiung Municipality
Nansha 南沙 Nánshā Lâm-soa Nàm-sâ Spratly 2 Taiping Island, Zhongzhou Reef Kaohsiung Municipality

Note: "Taiwan" has multiple meanings, which may refer to: 1. Common name of the state officially named Republic of China, this contains all 166 islands, 2. Taiwan proper region (本島地區), this contains 22 islands in the geographical unit, excluding the outlying island groups of Kinmen, Matsu, Wuqiu, and the South China Sea islands, 3. The island of Taiwan, this indicates the largest island in the geographical unit and the state.

List of major islands by area[]

List of Taiwanese islands with over 5 km2 of area.[2]

Order Name Chinese Taiwanese Hakka Geographical unit Administrative Division Area (km²)
1 Taiwan Main Island/ Formosa 臺灣本島 Tâi-oân pún-tó Thòi-vàn pún-tó Taiwan multiple 35,807.82
2 Kinmen Main Island 金門本島 Kim-mn̂g pún-tó Kîm-mùn pún-tó Kinmen 4 townships Kinmen 134.25
3 Penghu Main Island 澎湖本島 Phêⁿ-ô pún-tó Phàng-fù pún-tó Penghu Magong, Huxi Penghu 65.41
4 Orchid Island 蘭嶼 Lân-sū Làn-yí Taiwan Lanyu Taitung 46.82
5 Xiyu Island 西嶼 Sai-sū Sî-yí Penghu Xiyu Penghu 17.84
–
[clarification needed]		 Waisanding Shoal 外傘頂洲 Gōa-sòaⁿ-téng-chiu Ngoi-san táng-chû Taiwan Kouhu Yunlin 17.22
6 Green Island 綠島 Le̍k-tó Liu̍k-tó Taiwan Lüdao Taitung 15.09
7 Lesser Kinmen Island (Lieyu) 小金門島 Sió-kim-mn̂g-tó Séu-kîm-mùn-tó Kinmen Lieyu Kinmen 14.85
8 Baisha Island 白沙島 Pe̍h-soa-tó Pha̍k-sâ-tó Penghu Baisha Penghu 13.88
9 Nangan Island (Matsu) 南竿島 Lâm-kan-tó Nàm-kôn-tó Matsu Nangan Lienchiang 10.43
10 Cimei/Qimei Island 七美嶼 Chhit-bí-tó Chhit-mî-yí Penghu Cimei Penghu 7.59
11 Lamay Island 琉球嶼 Liû-khiû-sū Liù-khiù-yí Taiwan Liuqiu Pingtung 6.80
12 Wang'an Island 望安島 Bāng-oaⁿ-tó Mong-ôn-tó Penghu Wang'an Penghu 6.74
13 Beigan Island 北竿島 Pak-kan-tó Pet-kôn-tó Matsu Beigan Lienchiang 6.44

List of islands by geographical unit[]

Taiwan proper[]

Location map of outlying islands governed by Taiwan
Penghu Islands

Penghu/Pescadores[]