List of manufacturing processes

This tree lists various manufacturing processes arranged by similarity of function.

A thermal oxidizer blends several manufacturing processes such as molding, forming, machining, etc.

Casting[]

Centrifugal casting (industrial)
Continuous casting
Die casting
Evaporative-pattern casting
- Full-mold casting
- Lost-foam casting
Investment casting (Lost-wax casting)
- Countergravity casting^[1]
- Lost-foam casting
Permanent mold casting
Resin casting
Sand casting
Shell molding
Slush casting,

Vacuum molding

Data from Fundamentals of modern manufacturing^[2]

Labeling and painting[]

Main articles: Imaging and Coating

Moulding[]

Powder metallurgy
- Compaction plus sintering
- Hot isostatic pressing
- Metal injection moulding
- Spray forming
Plastics (see also Rapid prototyping)
- Injection
- Compression molding
- Transfer
- Extrusion
- Blow molding
- Dip moulding
- Rotational molding
- Thermoforming
- Laminating
- Foam
Shrink wrapping

Forming[]

- Tube beading
Forging
- Smith
- Hammer forge
- Drop forge
- Press
- Impact (see also Extrusion)
- Upset
- Incremental
- Powder
Rolling (Thick plate and sheet metal)
- Cold rolling
- Hot rolling
- Sheet metal
- Shape
- Ring
- Transverse
- Cryorolling
- Thread
  - Screw thread
  - Thread rolling
Extrusion
- Impact extrusion
Pressing
- Embossing
- Blanking (see drawing below)
- Drawing (manufacturing) (pulling sheet metal, wire, bar, or tube
  - Necking
- Deep drawing (sinks, auto body)
Bending
- Hemming
Shearing
- Blanking and piercing
  - Trimming
  - Shaving
  - Notching
  - Perforating
  - Nibbling
  - Dinking
  - Lancing
  - Cutoff
- Stamping
  - Metal
  - Leather
  - Progressive
- Coining
- Straight shearing
  - Slitting
Other
- Ironing
- Flattening
- Swaging
- Spinning
- Peening
- Guerin process
- Explosive forming
- Electroforming
- Staking
- Seaming
- Flanging
- Straightening
- Decambering
- Cold sizing
- Hubbing
- Hot metal gas forming
- Curling (metalworking)
- Hydroforming

Machining[]

Mills
- Grist mill
- Hammer mill
- Ball mill
- Buhrstone mill
- Disc mill
- Saw mill
- Steel mill
  - Blast furnace
  - Smelting
  - Refining
  - Reduction mill
  - Annealing
  - Pickling
  - Passivate
  - Coating
Milling
Turning
- Lathe
- Facing
- Boring (also Single pass bore finishing)
- Spinning ()
- Knurling
- Hard turning
Drilling
- Friction drilling
Reaming
Countersinking
Tapping
Sawing
- Filing
Broaching
Shaping
- Horizontal
- Vertical
Planing
- Abrasive jet machining
- Water jet cutting
- Photochemical machining
Honing (Sharpening)
- Electro-chemical grinding
Finishing & industrial finishing
- Abrasive blasting (sand blasting)
- Buffing
- Burnishing
- Electroplating
- Electropolishing
- Magnetic field-assisted finishing
- Etching
- Linishing
- Mass finishing
  - Tumbling (barrel finishing)
    - Spindle finishing
  - Vibratory finishing
- Plating
- Polishing
- Superfinishing
- Wire brushing
Routing
Hobbing
Ultrasonic machining
Electrical discharge
Electrical discharge machining (EDM)
Electron beam machining
Electrochemical machining
Chemical
Photochemical
Laser cutting
- Laser drilling
Grinding
- High stock removal
Gashing
Biomachining

Joining[]

Welding
- Arc
  - Manual metal
  - Shielded metal
  - Gas metal
  - Gas tungsten
  - Submerged
  - Plasma arc
  - Carbon arc
  - Stud
  - Atomic hydrogen
  - (metal inert gas)
  - Regulated Metal Deposition
- Oxyfuel gas
  - Oxy-acetylene gas
  - Methylacetylene propadiene (MAPP)
  - Oxyhydrogen
  - - CO₂
- Resistance
- Projection welding
- Seam
- Upset welding
- - Ultrasonic
  - Explosive
  - Diffusion
  - Friction welding
  - Inertia
  - Forge
  - Cold
  - Roll
- Electron beam welding
- Laser welding
- Thermite
- Induction
  - Low frequency (50–450 Hz)
  - High frequency (induction resistance; 200–450 kHz)
- Others
  - Solvent
  - Dielectric
  - Magnetic pulse welding
  - Radio frequency welding
  - Electromagnetic
  - Resistance
  - Infrared
  - Vacuum
Brazing
- Torch
- Induction brazing
- Furnace
- Dip
Soldering
- Iron
- Hot plate
- Oven
- Induction
- Dip
- Wave
- Ultrasonic
Sintering
Adhesive bonding (incomplete)
- Thermo-setting and thermoplastic
- Epoxy
- Phenolics
- Polyurethane
- Miscellaneous other powders, liquids, solids, and tapes
Fastening wood and metal
- Nailing
- Screwing
- (By material fastened)
  - Machine (Metal)
  - Wood Screws
- (By slot type)
  - Phillips ("Plus sign" in Canada)
  - Straight ("Minus sign" in Canada)
- (By shape)
  - Round head
  - Flat head
  - Box head
  - Hex
  - Lag
- Nut and bolts
- Riveting
- Clinching
- Pinning
  - Cotter
  - Groove
  - Tapered
  - Roll
  - Retaining rings
  - Quick release skewer
- Stitching
- Stapling
Press fitting

Additive manufacturing[]

3D printing
Direct metal laser sintering^[3]
Filament winding, produces composite pipes, tanks, etc.
Fused deposition modeling
Laminated object manufacturing
Laser engineered net shaping
Selective laser sintering
Spark plasma sintering
Stereolithography

Other[]

Mining
- Quarrying
- Blasting
- Crushing
Chemical manufacturing
Petroleum refining
Semiconductor fabrication
Assembly line
Packaging and labeling
Logistics
Woodworking
- Joinery (see also Joining, above)
  - Lapping
  - Mortising
  - Routing (see above)
  - Biscuit joiner
Vulcanization
Heat treating
Bake-out

References[]

^ "Hitchiner's Countergravity Casting Services". Hitchiner Manufacturing Co. Archived from the original on December 8, 2015. Retrieved December 5, 2015.
^ Groover, Mikell P. (2010). Fundamentals of modern manufacturing (4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons. pp. 225–245. ISBN 978-0470-467008.
^ Foust, Jeff (2014-06-09). "SpaceX unveils its "21st century spaceship"". NewSpace Journal. Archived from the original on 2014-05-31. Retrieved 2014-05-31.

[1] "Hitchiner's Countergravity Casting Services". Hitchiner Manufacturing Co. Archived from the original on December 8, 2015. Retrieved December 5, 2015.

[2] Groover, Mikell P. (2010). Fundamentals of modern manufacturing (4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons. pp. 225–245. ISBN 978-0470-467008.

[nsj20140530-3] Foust, Jeff (2014-06-09). "SpaceX unveils its "21st century spaceship"". NewSpace Journal. Archived from the original on 2014-05-31. Retrieved 2014-05-31.

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