List of missionaries to Hawaii

This is a list of missionaries to Hawaii. Before European exploration, the Hawaiian religion was brought from Tahiti by Paʻao according to oral tradition. Notable missionaries with written records below are generally Christian.

Protestant[]

American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions[]

Several groups were sent from the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions.

First company[]

The first ABCFM company arrived on March 30, 1820, on the Thaddeus from Boston:^[1][2]

• John Honoree, Hawaiian and schoolmate of Henry Opukahaia
• Thomas Hopoo, Hawaiian and schoolmate of Henry Opukahaia
• William Tennooe, Hawaiian and schoolmate of Henry Opukahaia
• George Sandwich (Also known as George Tamoree & Prince George) Hawaiian
• Rev. Hiram Bingham I (1789–1869), father of Hiram Bingham II and grandfather of Hiram Bingham III
• Sybil Moseley Bingham (1792–1848), wife of Hiram Bingham I
• (1782–1881), farmer
• (1787–1879), wife of Daniel Chamberlain
• (1793–1826), doctor
• (1793–1886), wife of Thomas Holman and sister to Samuel Ruggles, believed to be the first American woman to circumnavigate the globe
• Elisha Loomis (1799–1836), the first printer in Hawaii^[3]
• (1796–1862), wife of Elisha Loomis
• Rev. (1795–1871), who brought the first Kona coffee trees to Hawaii in 1828
• (1791–1873), wife of Samuel Ruggles
• Rev. Asa Thurston (1787–1868), grandfather of businessman and politician Lorrin A. Thurston
• Lucy Goodale (1795–1876), wife of Asa Thurston
• (1793–1845), father of Henry Martyn Whitney
• (1795–1872), wife of Samuel Whitney

Second company[]

The second ABCFM company arrived on April 23, 1823, on the Thames from New Haven:^[4]

• Rev. (1795–1872),
• (1796–1828), wife of Artemas Bishop
• (1787–1860), doctor
• (1791–1856), wife of Abraham Blatchley
• (1792–1849), superintendent of secular affairs
• Rev. (1798–1890), licensed preacher who founded Kealakekua Church, ordained in 1825
• (1792–1849), wife of James Ely
• Rev. (1794–1852), licensed preacher, ordained in 1826, who founded the Hilo Station
• (1801–1840), wife of Joseph Goodrich
• Rev. William Richards (1793–1847)
• (1794–1861), wife of William Richards
• Rev. (1795–1870), who published a journal^[5]
• Harriet Bradford Tiffany Stewart (1798–1830), wife of Charles Samuel Stewart
• Betsey Stockton (1798–1865), the first African American and unmarried female missionary

Third company[]

The third ABCFM company arrived on March 30, 1828, on the Parthian from Boston:^[6]

• Rev. Lorrin Andrews (1795–1868), founder of Lahainaluna Seminary and judge
• (1804–1879), wife of Lorrin Andrews
• Rev. Ephraim Weston Clark (1799–1878), third pastor of Kawaiahaʻo Church
• (1803–1857), wife of Ephraim Weston Clark
• Rev. Jonathan Smith Green (1796–1878), who founded Makawao Union Church
• (1792–1859), wife of Jonathan Smith Green
• Rev. Peter Johnson Gulick (1796–1877)
• (1798–1883), wife of Peter Gulick
• Dr. Gerrit P. Judd (1803–1873), physician and diplomat
• Laura Fish (1804–1872), wife of Gerrit P. Judd
• (1792–1874), teacher
• (1803–1880), teacher, married Levi Chamberlain
• (1800–1834), printer
• (1801–?), wife of Stephen Shepard
• (1799–1834), teacher, married Edmund Horton Rogers as his second wife
• (1800–1875), teacher, married Artemas Bishop as his second wife

Fourth company[]

The fourth ABCFM company arrived June 7, 1831 on the New England from New Bedford:^[7]

• Rev. Dwight Baldwin (1798–1886), physician on Maui island
• Charlotte Fowler (1805–1873), wife of Dwight Baldwin
• Rev. Sheldon Dibble (1809–1845), historian and Bible translator^[8]
• (1808–1837), wife of Sheldon Dibble
• (1794–1859), assistant superintendent of secular affairs
• (1792–1879), wife of Andrew Johnston
• Rev. (1799–1854)
• (1809–1895), wife of Reuben Tinker

Fifth company[]

The fifth ABCFM company arrived May 17, 1832 on the Averick from Boston:^[9]

• Rev. William Patterson Alexander (1805–1884), whose son founded Alexander & Baldwin
• (1810–1888), wife of William Patterson Alexander
• Rev. Richard Armstrong (1805–1860), various missions, second pastor of Kawaiahaʻo Church
• Clarissa Chapman (1805–1891), wife of Richard Armstrong
• (1805–1876), physician
• (1804–1885), wife of Alonzo Chapin
• Rev. (1800–1867), founder of Liliuokalani Protestant Church
• Ursula Sophia Newell (1806–1888), wife of John Smith Emerson
• Rev. (1805–1880), the founder of Kealakekua Church in 1833
• (1805–1878), Cochran Forbes
• Rev. Harvey Rexford Hitchcock (1800–1855), who founded the first church on Molokaʻi island
• (1808–1890), wife of Harvey Rexford Hitchock
• Rev. David Belden Lyman (1803–1868), who founded the Hilo Boarding School
• (1806–1885), wife of David Belden Lyman
• Rev. Lorenzo Lyons (1807–1886), who built Imiola Church in Waimea, Hawaii County, Hawaii
• (1813–1837), first wife of Lorenzo Lyons
• (1806–1853), printer
• Rev. (1802–1840), who built the house at Waineʻe Church
• (1810–1898), wife of Ephraim Spaulding

Sixth company[]

The sixth ABCFM company arrived on May 1, 1833, on the Mentor:^[10]

• Rev. (1808–1841)
• (1807–1901), wife of John Diell
• (1810–?), printer
• Rev. (1803–1877)
• (1805–1907), wife of Benjamin Wyman Parker
• Rev. (1802–1891)
• (1809–1885), wife of Lowell Smith

Seventh company[]

The seventh ABCFM company arrived on June 6, 1835, on the Hellespont:^[11]

• (1780–1865), teacher
• Rev. Titus Coan (1808–1881), first pastor of Haili Church in Hilo^[12]
• (1810–1872), first wife of Titus Coan
• (1808–1895), bookbinder
• (1808–1893), wife of Henry Dimond
• Edwin Oscar Hall (1810–1883), printer
• (1812–1876), first wife of Edwin Oscar Hall
• (1802–1857), teacher, married Edmund Horton Rogers as his second wife

Eighth company[]

The eighth ABCFM company arrived on April 9, 1837, on the Mary Frasier from Boston:^[13]

• (1809–1892), physician
• (1807–1846), wife of Seth Lathrop Andrews
• Edward Bailey (1814–1903), teacher
• (1814–1894), wife of Edward Baily
• Rev. (1804–1851)
• (1811–1865), wife of Isaac Bliss
• Samuel Northrup Castle (1808–1894), who co-founded Castle & Cooke
• (1810–1841), first wife of Samuel Northrup Castle
• Rev. (1807–1897)
• (1810–1855), wife of Daniel Toll Conde
• Amos Starr Cooke (1810–1871), who founded the Royal School in Honolulu
• (1812–1896), wife of Amos Starr Cooke and taught at the Royal School
• Rev. (1809–1885)
• (1810–1882), wife of Mark Ives
• Rev. (1813–1867), teacher, ordained 1848
• (1809–1891), wife of Edward Johnson
• (1813–1845), teacher
• (1813–1846), wife of Horton Owen Knapp
• Rev. (1801–1876)
• (1812–1844), wife of Thomas Lafon
• (1813–1843), teacher
• (1812–1842), wife of Edwin Locke
• (1812–1839), teacher
• (1810–1881), wife of Charles MacDonald
• (1803–1849), teacher
• (1810–1841), wife of Bethuel Munn
• (1806–1896), teacher
• (1808–1892), teacher, later married to as his second wife Lorenzo Lyons
• (1811–1883), teacher
• (1814–1891), wife of William Sanford Van Duzee
• Abner Wilcox (1808–1869), teacher
• (1814–1869), wife of Abner Wilcox
• Two Hawaiian seamen, Joseph and Levi, served as translators

Ninth company[]

The ninth ABCFM company arrived on May 21, 1841, on the Gloucester:^[14]

• Rev. Elias Bond (1813–1896), founded Kalahikiola Church and Kohala Seminary
• (1817–1881), wife of Elias Bond
• Rev. Daniel Dole (1808–1878), who founded of Punahou School
• (1808–1844), first wife of Daniel Dole
• Rev. John Davis Paris (1809–1892), who founded Kahikolu Church and Hale Halawai O Holualoa
• (1807–1847), first wife of John Davis Paris
• William Harrison Rice (1813–1862), teacher
• Mary Sophia Hyde (1816–1911), wife of William Harrison Rice

Tenth company[]

The tenth ABCFM company arrived on September 24, 1842, on the Sarah Abagail from Boston:^[15]

• Rev. (1815–1884)
• (1816–1901)
• (1810–1887), physician and teacher
• (1816–1891), wife of James William Smith

Arrived on October 19, 1842, on the Sarah Abagail from New York:^[15]

• Rev. Samuel Chenery Damon (1815–1885), publisher of "The Friend".
• (1817–1890), wife of Samuel Chenery Damon

Arrived on September 21, 1843, from Boston, originally intended on going to Oregon:^[15]

• Rev. (1809–1886)
• (1813–1855), wife of Asa Bowen Smith

Eleventh company[]

The eleventh ABCFM company arrived July 15, 1844 on the Globe from Boston:^[16]

• Rev. (1818–1877)
• Rev. (1840–1895)
• (died 1857), wife of Timothy Dwight Hunt
• Rev. (1814–1877)
• Rev. (1816–1889)
• (1821–1876), wife of Eliphalet Whittlese

Twelfth company[]

The twelfth ABCFM company arrived February 26, 1848 on the Samoset from Boston:^[17]

• Rev. (1815–1880), stationed in Kaluaʻaha. He married Native Hawaiian (1839–1879)
• Rev. (1816–1854), stationed in Waiohinu
• Maria Louisa Walsworth (1822–1858), wife of Henry Kinney and teacher. She married businessman Benjamin Pitman after her husband's death

Other arrivals[]

Arrived in 1854, intended for Micronesia on the Chaica:^[18]

• William Cornelius Shipman (1824–1861), stationed in Waiohinu
• (1827–1904), wife of William Cornelius Shipman

London Missionary Society[]

From the London Missionary Society (deputation of British missionaries and Tahitian teachers on their way to theMarquesas), they arrive from Tahiti on April 16 and returned to Tahiti on August 27, 1822, on the Mermaid:^[19]

• Rev, Daniel Tyerman
• Rev. George Bennet
• Mary Mercy Moore (1793–1835) spouse of William Ellis.
• Rev. William Ellis (1794–1872), who returned on February 4, 1823, on the Active, toured the islands, and published a book about the tour. He left after about eighteen months in the islands.^[19][20]
• Anna and Matatore, Tahitian chiefs and teacher, part of 1822 LMS brief stay
• Taua and Tute, Tute, Tahitian teachers, part of 1823 LMS arrival

Anglican Church[]

• Bishop Thomas Nettleship Staley (1823–1898), the first Anglican bishop, arrived in 1862.
• Bishop Alfred Willis (1836–1920), the second Anglican bishop, arrived in 1872
• Archdeacon George Mason, founder of ʻIolani School, part of the first Anglican mission under Bishop Staley
• Rev. Edmund Ibbotson, founder of ʻIolani School, part of the first Anglican mission under Bishop Staley
• Rev. William Richard Scott, founder of ʻIolani School (on Lahaina)
• Rev. Joseph James Elkington
• Rev. Alexander Mackintosh, Canon of the St. Andrew's and principal of the Royal School for many years.
• Rev. Thomas Harris (1841–1907), Dean of Honolulu from 1868 to 1870.^[21]

Other groups[]

Methodist Episcopal Church[]

• Merriman Colbert Harris (1846–1921), the first Methodist bishop

[]

• John M. Lewis, Reverend of Wailuku Union Church from 1898 to 1900

Native Hawaiian Protestant[]

• (Lo’eau) (1824-1904) was ordained in 1858. He was an: Assistant Reverend to Elias Bond; (1858-1896) Kalahikiola Church and the Kohala Girl's Seminary School at I’ole alongside wife Carrie Kele Luhiau (Nūʻeku) who was also a teacher; Built and erected his own church at Kaipuha’a; Lamaloloa, on his family estate, Kohala’akau; Built Puako Church at Kawaihae. He was a member of the House of Nobles of The Kingdom of Hawai’i during 1887–1889, under King Kalākaua. He was also first cousin to Jane Luhiau (Lo’eau) who married Robert Jasper, then, S. Kaʻelemakule.
• David Malo (1793–1853), historian, built Kilolani Church
• Henry ʻŌpūkahaʻia, who traveled via China to New England and inspired ABCFM
• James Kekela, first ordained Hawaiian Protestant minister
• Bartimeus Lalana Puaʻaiki, first Hawaiian licensed to preach
• , educated at Foreign Mission School and assisted the first ABCFM company
• , educated at Foreign Mission School and assisted the first ABCFM company
• , educated at Foreign Mission School and assisted the first ABCFM company
• , educated at Foreign Mission School and assisted the second ABCFM company
• , educated at Foreign Mission School and assisted the second ABCFM company
• , educated at Foreign Mission School and assisted the second ABCFM company
• , educated at Foreign Mission School and assisted the third ABCFM company
• , educated at Foreign Mission School and assisted the third ABCFM company
• , educated at Foreign Mission School and assisted the third ABCFM company
• Jonathan Napela, Uaua and Kaleohano, early Mormon converts, who would later serve as prominent missionaries and leaders in the LDS Church.^[22]
• William Hoapili Kaʻauwai (1835–1874), only Native Hawaiian to be ordained a priest of the Anglican Church of Hawaii in 1864

Tahitian Protestant[]

• , educated at Foreign Mission School and assisted the second ABCFM company
• , educated at Foreign Mission School and assisted the third ABCFM company
• , accompanied Ellis of the London Missionary Society, chaplain to Hawaiian royalty and father of Manaiula Tehuiarii
• , accompanied Ellis of the London Missionary Society
• , female teacher, accompanied Ellis of the London Missionary Society
• , Tahitian teacher
• Auna, Tahitian teacher
• , Tahitian teacher

Latter-day Saint[]

From The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, arriving on December 12, 1850, on the Imaum of Muscat from San Francisco:^[23][24]

• (1795—1853), Mission president from November 1850–February 1851.^[25]
• Henry Bigler (1815–1900).^[26]
• Hiram Blackwell
• George Q. Cannon (1827–1901).^[27]
• John Dixon (1818–1853).^[28]
• William Farrer (1821–1906).^[29]
• James Hawkins (1818–1894).^[30]
• James Keeler (1817–1907).^[31]
• Thomas Morris (1799–1884).^[32]
• Thomas Levi Whittle (1812–1868).^[33]

Roman Catholic[]

Arrived in 1827 on La Comète from France on an invitation issued by Jean Baptiste Rives:

• Father Alexis Bachelot, SS.CC. (1796–1837), with Fathers Patrick Short, SS.CC., and Abraham Armand, SS.CC., and six lay Brothers of the Congregation

Subsequent bishops and priests:

• Bishop Etienne Jerome Rouchouze, SS.CC. (?–1843), lost at sea
• Bishop Louis Desiré Maigret, SS.CC. (1804–1882)
• Bishop Herman Koeckemann, SS.CC. (1828–1892)
• Bishop Gulstan Ropert, SS.CC. (1839–1903)
• Father Damien de Veuster, SS.CC., (1840–1889), canonized by the Roman Catholic Church in 2009 for dedicating his life to the care of leprosy victims on Molokai, eventually succumbing to the disease himself
• Bishop Libert H. Boeynaems, SS.CC. (1857–1926)
• Bishop Stephen Alencastre, SS.CC. (1876–1940)

Also:

• Mother Marianne Cope, O.S.F., (1838–1918), who led a group of Sisters from her religious congregation in answer to a plea by the King for nursing care of leprosy victims, and who eventually went to Molokai to help Father Damien in his last days and continue his work; beatified by the Catholic Church in 2005, canonized in October 2012
• Brother Joseph Dutton (1843–1931), a lay brother who assisted in Father Damien's work and lived on Molokai from 1886 to his death.
• Sister Leopoldina Burns (1855–1942), O.S.F., companion of Mother Marianne Cope in Molokai who helped care for the lepers and served as educator for girls.

Hawaiian Catholics:

• Helio Koaʻeloa (1815–1846), an early Catholic lay catechist known as the "Apostle of Maui".
• Petero Mahoe, early Hawaiian catechist
• Marie Leahi, early Hawaiian catechumen

Orthodox[]

• Protopresbyter (1861–1941), founded the Russian Orthodox Mission in Honolulu, Hawaii in 1915. He was executed by Soviet authorities in August 1941. He is under consideration for sainthood in the Russian Orthodox Church.^[34]
• Archimandrite (+1930s to 1940s), served the Russian Orthodox Community in the Hawaiian Islands in the 1930s to 1940s. His final resting place is unknown. He was based primarily out of Hilo, Hawaii.^[35]

See also[]

Notes[]

References[]

• Thomas G. Thrum (1876). Hawaiian almanac and annual for 1876. Black & Auld, Honolulu. hdl:10524/665.
• Hawaiian Mission Children's Society (1901). Portraits of American Protestant Missionaries to Hawaii. Honolulu: The Hawaiian Gazette Co. OCLC 11796269.
• Hawaiian Mission Children's Society (1969). Missionary Album: Portraits and Biographical Sketches of the American Protestant Missionaries to the Hawaiian Islands. Honolulu: Hawaiian Mission Children's Society. OCLC 462800869.
• Forbes, David W.; Kam, Ralph Thomas; Woods, Thomas A. (2018). Partners in Change: A Biographical Encyclopedia of American Protestant Missionaries in Hawaiʻi and Their Hawaiian and Tahitian Colleagues, 1820–1900. Honolulu: Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site & Archives. ISBN 978-0-692-18267-3. OCLC 1088735785.