List of political parties in Spain

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article lists political parties in Spain.

Spain has a multi-party system at both the national and regional level. Nationally, there are five dominant political parties: Podemos (left-wing), PSOE (centre-left), Ciudadanos (centre-right), Partido Popular (centre-right to right-wing) and Vox (right-wing to far-right).

The current makeup makes it difficult for any other formation or coalition to achieve an electoral majority in the bicameral Cortes Generales (consisting of both the national Congress of Deputies and regional representation in the Senate). Regional parties can be strong in autonomous communities like Catalonia and the Basque Country and are often essential for national government coalitions.

National political formations of Spain[]

  • Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Español, PSOE) — mainstream centre-left social democratic party linked to General Union of Workers (Unión General de Trabajadores, UGT) trade union. Along with its Catalan instance, the Socialists' Party of Catalonia (Partit dels Socialistes de Catalunya, PSC), it currently conforms the largest group in Congress.[1] The party has governed from 1982 to 1996, from 2004 to 2011 and since 2018.
  • People's Party (Partido Popular, PP) — mainstream centre-right to right-wing party, that is conservative, Catholic and economically liberal. It has established alliances with regional right-to-centre parties like Asturias Forum (Foro Asturias) and Navarrese People's Union (Unión del Pueblo Navarro, UPN). The People's Party originates from the People's Alliance (Alianza Popular, AP) refoundation in 1989.[2] The party has governed from 1996 to 2004 and from 2011 to 2018.
  • Vox — a right-wing to far-right, Spanish nationalist party whose main ideologies are social and national conservatism, economic liberalism and centralism (i.e. strong opposition to Spain's peripheral nationalisms). It defends the restriction of illegal immigration.
  • United We Can (Unidas Podemos, UP) — an anti-austerity left-wing electoral alliance led by the leftist 2014-founded party Podemos. The alliance is also formed by the United Left (Izquierda Unida, IU), which is associated with Workers' Commissions (Comisiones Obreras, CCOO) trade union and other left-wing parties that advocate green politics.
  • Citizens (Ciudadanos) — a centre[3] to centre-right[4] liberal party. It supports a high degree of political decentralization, but it rejects autonomous communities' right to self-determination. The party has established electoral alliances with the People's Party in Navarre[5] and in Basque Country.[6]
  • More Country (Más País) — a progressive green party originated around the Madrid-based More Madrid (Más Madrid) party in 2019. The party has an electoral alliance with the ecologist Greens Equo (Verdes Equo, Q)[7] party and the left-wing valencianist Commitement (Compromís) coalition.[8]
  • Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (Partido Animalista Contra el Maltrato Animal, PACMA) — a centre-left party focused on the fight for animal rights, the environment and social justice. The party seeks to ban all sorts of bullfighting events.

Political parties represented in the Congress of Deputies[]

Parties and coalitions Position Ideology Results (November 2019) Seats in Congress Seats in Senate Status Coalition partners
Logotipo del PSOE.svg Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)
Partido Socialista Obrero Español
Centre-left Social democracy,
Pro-Europeanism
6,752,983 votes, 28.00%
120 / 350
114 / 265
Government PSOE (108)
PSC (12)
PP icono 2019.svg People's Party (PP),
Partido Popular
Centre-right to
right-wing
Conservatism,
Christian democracy,
Monarchism
5,019,869 votes, 20.82%
89 / 350
100 / 265
Opposition PP (88)
FAC (1)
VOX logo.svg Vox (Vox),
Vox
Right-wing to
far-right
Economic liberalism,
National conservatism,
Spanish nationalism,
Right-wing populism
3,640,063 votes, 15.09%
52 / 350
3 / 265
Opposition
UPsimbol.svg United We Can (UP),
Unidas Podemos
Left-wing Democratic socialism,
Left-wing populism,
Republicanism,
Federalism
3,097,185 votes, 12.84%
35 / 350
0 / 265
Government Podemos (26)
IU (5)
Catalunya en Comú (3)
Independent (1)
ERC logotipo compacto.svg Republican Left of Catalonia–Catalonia Yes (ERC–CatSí),
Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya–Catalunya Sí
Centre-left to
left-wing
Catalan separatism,
Social democracy
869,934 votes, 3.61%
13 / 350
14 / 265
Confidence and supply
Ciudadanos icono 2017 (invertido).svg Citizens (Cs),
Ciudadanos
Centre-right Constitutional patriotism,
Liberalism,
Pro-Europeanism
1,637,540 votes, 6.79%
10 / 350
3 / 265
Opposition
Junts per Catalunya.svg Together for Catalonia (JxCat),
Junts per Catalunya
Centre-right Catalan separatism,
Liberalism
527,375 votes, 2.19%
8 / 350
5 / 265
Opposition
Basque Nationalist Party (PNV),
Euzko Alderdi Jeltzalea,
Partido Nacionalista Vasco,
Parti Nationaliste Basque
Centre-left to
centre-right
Basque nationalism,
Christian democracy
377,423 votes, 1.57%
6 / 350
10 / 265
Confidence and supply
EHBildu.svg Basque Country Unite (EHB),
Euskal Herria Bildu
Left-wing to
far-left
Basque separatism,
Progressivism
276.519 votes, 1.15%
5 / 350
2 / 265
Confidence and supply Sortu (1)
Alternatiba (1)
Más País-Equo logo.svg More Country-Equo (MP-EQUO),
Más País-Equo
Left-wing Green politics,
Progressivism
582,306 votes 2.40%
3 / 350
1 / 265
Confidence and supply MP-Equo (2)
Més Compromís (1)
CUP.svg Popular Unity Candidacy–For Rupture (CUP–PR),
Candidatura d'Unitat Popular
Left-wing to far-left Catalan separatism,
Anti-capitalism
246,971 votes, 1.02%
2 / 350
0 / 265
Opposition
Compromís (isotip).svg Commitment Coalition (Compromis),
Coalició Compromis
Left-wing Valencian nationalism,
Eco-socialism
173,821 votes, 0.66%
1 / 350
1 / 265
Confidence and supply
Coalición Canaria.svg Canarian Coalition (CC–PNC),
Coalición Canaria
Centre to
centre-right
Canarian nationalism,
Conservatism
137,664 votes, 0.53%
2 / 350
1 / 265
Opposition
BNG logo.svg Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG),
Bloque Nacionalista Gallego
Left-wing Galician separatism,
Socialism
120,456 votes 0.5%
1 / 350
0 / 265
Opposition
NA+SIMBOLO.svg Sum Navarre (NA+),
Navarra Suma
Centre-right to
right-wing
Regionalism,
Christian democracy
107,619 votes, 0.41%
2 / 350
1 / 265
Opposition UPN (2)
Regionalist Party of Cantabria (PRC),
Partido Regionalista de Cantabria
Centre to
centre-left
Progressivism,
Cantabrian regionalism
52,266 votes, 0.20%
1 / 350
1 / 265
Confidence and supply
Teruel Exists (TE),
¡Teruel existe!
Big tent Regionalism 246,971 votes, 0.08%
1 / 350
2 / 265
Confidence and supply

Other political parties represented in regional parliaments[]

Party Position Ideology Regional parliament Results Seats Status
Logocut2.svg Unitarian Candidacy of Workers
Candidatura Unitaria de Trabajadores
Far-left Libertarian communism, Anti-capitalism, Andalusian nationalism Parliament of Andalusia Within the Adelante Andalucía coalition
1 / 109
Opposition
Adelante Andalucía 2021 logo.svg Andalusia Forward
Adelante Andalucía
Left-wing Andalusian nationalism, Direct democracy, Anticapitalism, Democratic socialism
11 / 109
Opposition
Falange Española de las JONS.png Spanish Phalanx of the Committees for the National-Syndicalist Offensive
Falange Española de las JONS
Far-right Spanish nationalism, Ultranationalism, Falangism, Neo-fascism Representative resigned from Vox
1 / 109
Opposition
PAR logo completo.png Aragonese Party
Partido Aragonés
Centre[9] Aragonese regionalism
Centrism
Aragonese Corts 33,978 votes, 5.1%
3 / 67
Government
Chunta Aragonesista (logotipo2).svg Aragonese Union
Chunta Aragonesista
Left-wing Eco-socialism, Aragonese nationalism, Republicanism, Federalism 41,879 votes, 6.26%
3 / 67
Government
Logo Más Madrid.svg More Madrid
Más Madrid
Left-wing Progressivism, Participatory democracy, Green politics, Regionalism Assembly of Madrid 619,215 votes, 16.99%
24 / 136
Opposition
Foro Asturias logo 2021.svg Asturias Forum
Foro Asturias
Centre-right Conservatism, Christian democracy, Regionalism General Junta of the Principality of Asturias 34,388 votes, 6.5%
2 / 45
Opposition
Més per Mallorca logo.svg More for Majorca
Més per Mallorca
Left-wing Democratic socialism, Green politics, Left-wing nationalism, Catalanism Parliament of the Balearic Islands 39,415 votes, 9.2%
6 / 59
Government
El Pi-Proposta per les Illes logo 2021.svg Proposal for the Islands
Proposta per les Illes
Centre Liberalism, Centrism, Balearic regionalism 31,348 votes, 7.3%
3 / 59
Opposition
MÉS per Menorca logo.svg More for Menorca
Més per Menorca
Left-wing Democratic socialism, Green politics, Left-wing nationalism, Catalanism, Republicanism, Souverainism, Feminism 6,058 votes, 1.41%
3 / 59
Confidence and supply
Gent per Formentera ( GxF ).png People for Formentera
Gent per Formentera
Left-wing Environmentalism, Socialism, Catalanism 2,036 votes, 0.5%
3 / 59
Confidence and supply
Regionalist Party of Cantabria
Partido Regionalista de Cantabria
Centre to centre-left Progressivism, centrism, Cantabrian regionalism Parliament of Cantabria 122,479 votes, 37.7%
12 / 35
Government
Unión del Pueblo Leonés.svg Leonese People's Union
Unión del Pueblo Leonés
Centre-left Leonesism Cortes of Castile and León 51,878 votes, 4.30%
3 / 83
To be decided
Por Ávila.svg For Ávila
Por Ávila
Centre to
centre-right
Regionalism 13,854 votes, 1.15%
1 / 83
To be decided
Logo SoriaYa.svg Soria Now!
Soria ¡Ya!
Big tent Localism, Regionalism 18,390 votes, 1.53%
3 / 83
To be decided
Junts per Catalunya (2020).svg Together for Catalonia
Junts per Catalunya
Centre-right Liberalism, Catalan nationalism, Catalan independence Parliament of Catalonia 570,539 votes, 20.07%
32 / 135
Government
CatComú-Podem logo.svg Catalonia in Common–We Can
Catalunya en Comú–Podem
Left-wing Social justice, Catalan right of self-determination, Left-wing populism, Environmentalism 195,345 votes, 6.87%
8 / 135
Opposition
CUP.svg Popular Unity Candidacy
Candidatura d'Unitat Popular
Left-wing to far-left Catalan independence, Catalan nationalism, Socialism, Environmentalism, Euroscepticism 189,924

votes, 6.68%

9 / 135
Confidence and supply
BNG logo.svg Galician Nationalist Bloc
Bloque Nacionalista Galego
Left-wing Galician nationalism, socialism, Euroscepticism Parliament of Galicia 311,340 votes, 23.79%
19 / 75
Opposition
Logo vertical UPN 2017.png Navarrese People's Union
Unión del Pueblo Navarro
Centre-right to
right-wing
Conservatism, Regionalism Parliament of Navarre Within the Navarra Suma coalition
15 / 50
Opposition
Geroa Bai (current logo).svg Yes to the Future
Geroa Bai
Centre-left Basque nationalism 60,323 votes, 17.32%
9 / 50
Government
Izquierda-Ezkerra (logo).svg Left
Izquierda-Ezkerra
Left-wing Socialism 10,472 votes, 3.01%
1 / 50
Confidence and supply

Political parties without any representation[]

Communist parties[]

Nationalist parties[]

Regionalist parties[]

Andalusia[]

  • (PRAO) [es]

Asturias[]

Basque Country[]

Cantabria[]

  • Cantabrian Nationalist Council (1995–present)

Castile and León[]

Catalonia[]

Extremadura[]

Galicia[]

Madrid[]

Navarre[]

  • Batzarre (1987–present)

Defunct parties[]

Defunct major parties[]

  • Popular Socialist Party (1968–1978)
  • National Union (1979–1982)
  • Popular Alliance, refounded as People's Party (1976–1989)
  • Liberal Party, absorbed into the People's Party (1976–1989)
  • Union of the Democratic Centre (1977–1983), refounded as Democratic and Social Centre (1982–2006) (merged into People's Party)
  • Euskadiko Ezkerra, absorbed into Socialist Party of the Basque Country (1977–1993)
  • Popular Democratic Party, absorbed into the People's Party (1982–1989)
  • Majorca Socialist Party, absorbed into PSM–Nationalist Agreement
  • Democratic Reformist Party (1983–1986)
  • Valencian Union (1982–2014)
  • Andalusian Party (1965–2015)
  • Communist Party of the Basque Homelands (2002–2008), outlawed
  • Herri Batasuna (1978–2001), refounded as Batasuna (2001–2013), the political branch of ETA, illegal
  • Euskal Herritarrok (1998–2003), banned
  • Convergence and Union (1978–2015)
  • Aralar (2000–2017)
  • Nafarroa Bai (2004–2015)
  • Amaiur (2011–2015)
  • Platform for Catalonia (2002–2019) (merged into Vox)
  • Union, Progress and Democracy (2007–2020)

Defunct minor parties[]

Historic parties[]

Reign of Isabella II[]

  • Moderate Party (1834–1874)
  • Progressive Party (1834–1874)
  • Democratic Party (1849–1869)
  • Liberal Union (1858–1874)

Sexenio Democrático[]

Bourbon restoration[]

  • Conservative Party (1876–1931)
  • Liberal Party (1880–1931)
  • Traditionalist Communion (1869–1937)
  • Regionalist League of Catalonia (1901–1936)
  • Republican Nationalist Federal Union (1910–1917)
  • Republican–Socialist Conjunction (1909–1919)
  • Maurist Party (1913–1930)
  • Reformist Party (1912–1924)
  • Radical Republican Party (1908–1936)
  • Spanish Patriotic Union (1924–1930)

Second Spanish Republic[]

Right-wing / []

Left-wing / Popular Front[]

Others[]

Francoist Spain[]

  • Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista (1937–1977)

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ "Composición - Congreso de los Diputados". www.congreso.es. Retrieved 2021-08-17.
  2. ^ País, El (1989-01-20). "Fraga se empleó a fondo para lograr que el congreso de AP cambie el nombre del partido". El País (in Spanish). ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2021-08-17.
  3. ^ "Rivera: Ciudadanos ha demostrado que "el centro político existe" y será "fundamental en la nueva Transición". Diario de Noticias de Navarra". www.noticiasdenavarra.com. Archived from the original on 2015-12-22. Retrieved 2018-02-18.
  4. ^ "Catalonia election: full results". The Guardian.
  5. ^ "Navarra ensaya el gran pacto electoral: UPN, PP y Ciudadanos concurrirán juntos a las generales". abc (in Spanish). 2019-03-10. Retrieved 2021-08-18.
  6. ^ Press, Europa (2020-02-20). "Ciudadanos pacta con el PP ocupar el segundo puesto de las listas por Álava y Vizcaya en las elecciones vascas". www.europapress.es. Retrieved 2021-08-18.
  7. ^ Marcos, Ana (2019-09-26). "Más País y Equo llegan a un preacuerdo para presentarse en diez provincias". El País (in Spanish). ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2021-08-17.
  8. ^ Press, Europa (2019-09-30). "Registrada Més Compromís, la coalición de Más País y Compromís par la Comunidad Valenciana". www.europapress.es. Retrieved 2021-08-17.
  9. ^ "El catalán de la Franja se denominará 'lapao' en Aragón". La Vanguardia. May 6, 2013.
  10. ^ "La entrevista: 'Somos un ejemplo para los jóvenes'". Pinares Noticias (in Spanish). June 17, 2014. Retrieved June 27, 2014.
  11. ^ Antón, B. (June 11, 2014). "La vocación por bandera". Diario de Burgos (in Spanish). Retrieved June 27, 2014.
  12. ^ Press, Europa (2019-04-29). "Resultados elecciones generales 2019 - Muerte al Sistema, el Partido RISA y Unión de Todos: estos son los partidos menos votados el 28-A". Vozpópuli (in European Spanish). Retrieved 2019-04-30.
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