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List of political parties in the United States

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This is a list of political parties in the United States, both past and present. It does not include independents.

Active parties[]

Major parties[]

Party Year Founded Ideology Membership[1] Presidential vote
[2] 		Senators
[3] 		Representatives
[4] 		Governors
[5] 		State legislators
[5] 		Legislatures
[5] 		Trifectas
[5]
Electoral Popular Voting Nonvoting
Democratic Disc.svg Democratic Party 1828 Modern liberalism 47,106,084
306 / 538
 81,284,778 (51.27%)
48 / 100
[A]
218 / 435
4 / 6
27 / 55
3,439 / 7,383
18 / 49
15 / 49
Republican Disc.svg Republican Party 1854 Conservatism 35,041,482
232 / 538
 74,224,501 (46.82%)
50 / 100
212 / 435
2 / 6
28 / 55
3,866 / 7,383
29 / 49
22 / 49

Third parties[]

Represented in state legislatures[]

Party Year Founded Ideology Membership[6] Presidential vote (2020)
[2] 		State legislators
[5]
Libertarian Disc.svg
 Libertarian Party 1971[7] Libertarianism[8] 693,634 1,865,917 (1.177%)
2 / 7,383
[9][10]
Vermont Progressive Party 1981 Progressivism Unknown
9 / 7,383
Alliance Party (United States) logo.svg
 Alliance Party 2019 Centrism[11] Unknown 88,238 (0.056%)
1 / 7,383
[12]
Independent Party of Oregon 2007 Centrism[13] 124,048
1 / 7,383
[14]
Working Families Party logo.svg
 Working Families Party 1998 Social democracy[15] 50,532 386,010 (0.243%)[B]
1 / 7,383

Represented in Puerto Rican legislature[]

Party Year Founded Ideology President Gubernatorial vote Senators Representatives Mayors
Popular Democratic Party
Partido Popular Democrático 		1938 Pro-Commonwealth
Liberalism
Social Liberalism 		Aníbal José Torres 407,817 (31.75%)
12 / 27
26 / 51
42 / 78
Logo del Partido Nuevo Progresista.svg New Progressive Party
Partido Nuevo Progresista 		1967 Puerto Rico statehood Thomas Rivera Schatz 427,016 (33.24%)
10 / 27
21 / 51
35 / 78
Movimiento Victoria Ciudadana checkmark.svg Citizens' Victory Movement
Movimiento Victoria Ciudadana 		2019 Anti-imperialism
Anti-neoliberalism
Progressivism 		Ana Irma Rivera Lassén 179,265 (13.95%)
2 / 27
2 / 51
0 / 78
PIP new logo.svg Puerto Rican Independence Party
Partido Independentista Puertorriqueño 		1946 Puerto Rico independence
Social democracy 		Rubén Berríos 175,402 (13.58%)
1 / 27
1 / 51
0 / 78
Proyecto Dignidad Logo.png Project Dignity
Proyecto Dignidad 		2019 Christian democracy
Anti-Corruption 		César Váquez Muñiz 87,379 (6.80%)
1 / 27
1 / 51
0 / 78

Not represented in Congress, state legislatures, or territorial legislatures[]

Party Ideology Year Founded Membership[16] Presidential vote (2020)[2]
Green Disc.svg
 Green Party Environmentalism
Eco-socialism[17][18] 		2001[19] 246,377 404,090 (0.255%)
Conservative Party of New York Logo.png
 Conservative Party of New York State Conservatism[20] 1962 147,606 295,657 (0.186%)[B]
Party for Socialism and Liberation Logo.svg
 Party for Socialism and Liberation Marxism–Leninism[21] 2004[22] 606 (FL) 85,488 (0.054%)
American Independent Party Paleoconservatism[23] 1967 600,220 (CA) 60,160 (0.038%)[B]
Constitution Party Paleoconservatism[24] 1992[22] 118,088 60,066 (0.038%)
Peace and Freedom Party Socialism[25] 1967 94,016 51,037 (0.032%)[B]
American Solidarity Party Christian democracy[26] 2011[26] Unknown 38,614 (0.024%)
Cannabis leaf.svg
 Legal Marijuana Now Party Marijuana legalization[27] 1998 Unknown 10,033 (0.006%)[B]
Socialist Workers Party Castroism[28] 1938 298 (DE/KY) 6,791 (0.004%)
Unity Party of America logo (2021).svg
 Unity Party Centrism[29] 2004 1,657 (CO) 6,647 (0.004%)
Reform Party Radical centrism[30] 1995 6,665 5,966 (0.004%)[B]
Oregon Progressive Party Progressivism[31] 2007 2,292 5,404 (0.003%)
Prohibition Party Temperance[32] 1869 36[33] 4,856 (0.003%)
Natural Law Party Transcendental Meditation[34] 1992 6,657 (NJ) 2,986 (0.002%)[B]
Approval Voting Party Electoral reform[35] 2016 1,149 (CO) 409 (0.0003%)
Socialist Equality Party Trotskyism[36] 1966 Unknown 351 (0.0002%)
Peace sign.svg
 Liberty Union Party Democratic socialism[37] 1970 Unknown 166 (0.0001%)[B]
Socialist Party of America - Logo.gif
 Socialist Party USA Democratic socialism[37] 1973[22] 8,215 (ME/MA/NJ) [C]
Socialist Alternative (USA) logo.png
 Socialist Alternative Trotskyism[36] 1986 Unknown [C]
Alaskan Independence Party Alaskan nationalism[38] 1978[39] 17,213
Independent Party of Delaware logo.svg
 Independent Party of Delaware 2000 7,316
Women's Equality Party of New York.png
 Women's Equality Party Feminism[40] 2014 7,207
United Utah Party text logo.png
 United Utah Party Centrism[41] 2017 1,690
Serve America Movement Big tent[42] 2017 348 (NY)
Workers World Party Marxism–Leninism[43] 1959 Unknown
Transhumanist Party Transhumanist politics[44] 2014 Unknown
Christian Liberty Party Christian nationalism[45][46] 2000[47] Unknown
American Freedom Party White nationalism[48] 2009[48] Unknown
Citizens Party of the United States Center-left politics[49] 2004[50] Unknown
Freedom Socialist Party logo (visible).png
 Freedom Socialist Party Socialist feminism[51] 1966 Unknown
LaborParty2.gif
Labor Party Social democracy 1996 Unknown
Humane Party Environmentalism 2009 Unknown
Justice Party Progressivism[52] 2011 Unknown
OSA-1A.jpg
 Socialist Action Trotskyism[36] 1983 Unknown
U.S. Marijuana Party Marijuana legalization[53] 2002 Unknown
Pirate Party USA Logo.svg
 United States Pirate Party Pirate politics[54] 2006 3,000
Grassroots—Legalize Cannabis Party Marijuana legalization[55] 1986 Unknown
Liberal Party of New York Liberalism[56] 1944 Unknown
RITDHlogo.jpg
 Rent Is Too Damn High Party Anti-high rent[57] 2005 Unknown
Charter Committee logo.png
 Charter Party 1924 Unknown
Sovereign Union Movement
Movimiento Unión Soberanista 		2010 Unknown
Moderate Party of Rhode Island Centrism[58] 2007 Unknown
United Citizens Party 1969 Unknown
Independent Citizens Movement 1968 Unknown
Progressive Dane logo.png
 Progressive Dane Progressivism[59] 1992 Unknown
Independent Greens of Virginia 2005 Unknown
Working Class Party 2016 Unknown
Aloha ʻĀina Party Hawaiian sovereignty[60] 2015 Unknown
American Party 1969 Unknown 125[61]
Ecology Party of Florida 2008[62] 125[62]
Independent Party of Florida
Independent Party of Oregon Centrism[63]

Historical parties[]

The following parties are no longer functioning.
Historical parties in the United States
Party Other names Ideology Year Created Year Disbanded
Federalist Party Classical conservatism[64] 1789 1824
Anti-Administration party Anti-Federalism[65] 1789 1792
Democratic-Republican Party (1792) Republican Party, Democratic Party Jeffersonianism[66] 1792 1825
Toleration Party American Party Secularism[67] 1816 1828
National Republican Party Anti-Jacksonian Party Classical conservatism[68] 1825 1837
Anti-Masonic Party Anti-Masonry[69] 1828 1838
Nullifier Party Nullification[70] 1828 1839
Working Men's Party Owenism[71] 1829 1831
Whig Party Traditionalist conservatism[72] 1833 1854
Liberty Party Abolitionism[73] 1840 1848
Law and Order Party of Rhode Island Charterites Anti-Dorr Rebellion[74] 1840 1848
American Republican Party (1843) Nativism[75] 1843 1854
Democratic-Republican Party (1844) Texas annexation[76] 1844 1844
Free Soil Party Abolitionism[77] 1848 1855
Unionist Party American unionism[78] 1852 1861
American Party (1844) Know Nothings Nativism[79] 1854 1858
Opposition Party (Northern) Abolitionism[80] 1854 1858
Opposition Party (Southern) Pro-slavery[81] 1858 1860
Constitutional Union Party Unionist Party Southern unionism[82] 1860 1860
Unconditional Union Party Unionist Party American unionism[83] 1861 1866
National Union Party Unionist Party American unionism[84] 1864 1868
Radical Democracy Party Abolitionism[85] 1864 1864
Readjuster Party Left-wing populism[86] 1870 1885
People's Party (Utah) Mormonism[87] 1870 1891
Liberal Party Anti-clericalism[88] 1870 1893
Liberal Republican Party Classical liberalism[89] 1872 1872
Greenback Party Currency reform[90] 1874 1884
Socialist Labor Party of America Workingmen's Party of the United States De Leonism[91] 1876 2011
Anti-Monopoly Party Progressivism[92] 1884 1884
People's Party (1892) Populist Party Populism[93] 1892 1908
Silver Party Bimetalism[94] 1892 1902
National Democratic Party Gold Democrats Gold standard[95] 1896 1900
Silver Republican Party Bimetalism[96] 1896 1900
Social Democracy of America Utopian socialism[97] 1897 1900
Social Democratic Party Democratic socialism[98] 1898 1901
Home Rule Party of Hawaii Hawaiian nationalism[99] 1900 1912
Socialist Party of America Democratic socialism[100] 1901 1972
Independence Party Independence League Progressivism[101] 1906 1914
Progressive Party (1912) Bull Moose Party Progressivism[102] 1912 1920
National Woman's Party 1913 1930
Nonpartisan League Agrarianism[103] 1915 1956
National Party 1917
Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party Populism[104] 1918 1944
Labor Party of the United States Social democracy[105] 1919 1920
Farmer–Labor Party Social democracy[106] 1920 1936
Proletarian Party of America Communism[107] 1920 1971
Workers Party of America Marxism–Leninism 1921 1929
Puerto Rican Nationalist Party Puerto Rican nationalism[108] 1922 1965
American Party (1924) Nativism[109] 1924 1924
Progressive Party (1924) Progressivism[110] 1924 1924
Communist League of America Trotskyism[111] 1928 1934
American Labor Party (1932) De Leonism[112] 1932 1935
American Workers Party Trotskyism[113] 1933 1934
Workers Party of the United States Trotskyism[114] 1934 1938
Union Party Distributism[115] 1936 1936
American Labor Party (1936) Social democracy[116] 1936 1956
America First Party Isolationism[117] 1944 1996
Progressive Democratic Party Progressivism[118] 1944 1948
American Vegetarian Party 1947
States' Rights Democratic Party Dixiecrats Segregationism[119] 1948 1948
Progressive Party (1948) Progressivism[120] 1948 1955
National Renaissance Party Neo-Nazism 1949 1981
Constitution Party (1952) Christian Nationalist Party Paleoconservatism[121] 1952 1968?
National States' Rights Party Neo-fascism 1958 1987
Puerto Rican Socialist Party Puerto Rican nationalism[122] 1959 1993
Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party Desegregation[123] 1964 1964
Black Panther Party Black nationalism[124] 1966 1982
Patriot Party Socialism[125] 1960 1980
Youth International Party Yippies Anarcho-socialism[126] 1967 1967
Marxist–Leninist Party, USA Marxism–Leninism[127] 1967 1993
Red Guard Party Maoism 1969 1973
Communist Workers Party Maoism[128] 1969 1985
American Party (1969) Paleoconservatism[129] 1969 2008
National Socialist Party of America Neo-Nazism 1970 1981
Raza Unida Party Chicanismo[130] 1970 2012
People's Party (1971) Democratic socialism[131] 1971 1976
New Union Party De Leonism[132] 1974 2005
U.S. Labor Party LaRouchism[133] 1975 1979
International Socialist Organization Trotskyism[134] 1977 2019
Citizens Party Progressivism[135] 1979 1984
New Alliance Party Left-wing populism[136] 1979 1992
White Patriot Party Carolina Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Confederate Knights of the Ku Klux Klan White supremacy 1980 1987
Labor–Farm Party of Wisconsin Left-wing populism[137] 1982 1987
Populist Party (United States, 1984) White nationalism[138] 1984 1994
Illinois Solidarity Party Anti-LaRouchism[139] 1986 2007
Republican Moderate Party of Alaska Centrism[140] 1986 2011
A Connecticut Party Liberalism[141] 1990 1998
Greens/Green Party USA Green Committees of Correspondence Ecopolitics[142] 1991 2019
New Party Progressivism[143] 1992 1998
New Jersey Conservative Party Conservatism[144] 1992 2009
Labor Party Social democracy[145] 1996 2007
Marijuana Reform Party Marijuana legalization[146] 1998 2002
Southern Party Southern nationalism[147] 1999 2003
Personal Choice Party Libertarianism[148] 2004 2006
Florida Whig Party Fiscal Conservatism[149] 2006 2012
Boston Tea Party Libertarianism[150] 2006 2012
Connecticut for Lieberman Centrism[151] 2006 2013
Independence Party of America Centrism[152] 2007 2013
Modern Whig Party Conservative liberalism[153] 2007 2018
Taxpayers Party of New York Conservatism[154] 2010 2011
Freedom Party of New York Progressivism[155] 2010 2011
Working People's Party Partido del Pueblo Trabajador 2010 2016
Traditionalist Worker Party Neo-Nazism[156] 2013 2018

Non-electoral organizations[]

These organizations generally do not nominate candidates for election, but some of them have in the past; they otherwise function similarly to political parties.

Political Party Founded in Former Titles International Affiliations
African People's Socialist Party 1972 Uhuru Movement
All-African People's Revolutionary Party 1968
American Nazi party (remnants) 1959 World Union of Free Enterprise National Socialists
National Socialist White People's Party
American Party of Labor 2008
Black Riders Liberation Party 1996[157]
Committees of Correspondence for Democracy and Socialism 1991
Communist Party USA 1919[158] International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties
Communist Party USA (Provisional) Unknown
Democratic Socialists of America 1982 (merger of Democratic Socialist Organizing Committee + New American Movement) Formerly Socialist International, not a member as of August 2017.
Freedom Road Socialist Organization 1985 International Communist Seminar
International Workers Party 1974
Internationalist Group 1996 League for the Fourth International
Movement for a People's Party 2017
National Socialist Movement 1974 American Nazi Party World Union of National Socialists
New Afrikan Black Panther Party 2005
New Black Panther Party 1989
News and Letters Committees[citation needed] 1955
Our Revolution 2016
Progressive Labor Party 1961 Progressive Labor Movement
Revolutionary Black Panther Party 1992
Revolutionary Communist Party, USA 1975 Revolutionary Union
Social Democrats, USA 1972
Solidarity 1986
Spartacist League 1966 International Communist League (Fourth Internationalist)
World Socialist Party of the United States 1916 Socialist Party of the United States
Socialist Educational Society
Workers' Socialist Party 		World Socialist Movement

See also[]

Notes[]

Notes
  1. ^ Additionally, the two independent Senators both caucus with the Democratic Party.[3]
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Votes counted in a fusion ticket.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b Nominated a candidate associated with a different party.
Footnotes
  1. ^ Winger, Richard. "March 2020 Ballot Access News Print Edition". Ballot Access News. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c "2020 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b "U.S. Senate: Party Division". United States Senate. Archived from the original on April 12, 2019. Retrieved May 12, 2019.
  4. ^ "Party Breakdown". House Press Gallery. House Press Gallery. 29 November 2018. Archived from the original on 14 March 2019. Retrieved 12 May 2019.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e "State Partisan Composition". National Conference of State Legislatures. April 1, 2019. Archived from the original on February 18, 2019. Retrieved May 12, 2019.
  6. ^ Winger, Richard. "March 2020 Ballot Access News Print Edition". Ballot Access News. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
  7. ^ Martin, Douglas (November 22, 2010). "David Nolan, 66, Is Dead; Started Libertarian Party". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 13, 2019. Retrieved May 13, 2019.
  8. ^ Segal, Cheryl (May 27, 2016). "5 things the Libertarian Party stands for". The Hill. Archived from the original on August 16, 2018. Retrieved May 13, 2019.
  9. ^ "Elected Officials – Marshall Burt". Libertarian Party. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
  10. ^ Harris, Tyler (14 December 2020). "Maine State Rep. John Andrews Joins the Libertarian Party". Libertarian Party. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
  11. ^ Winger, Richard (May 6, 2019). "Minnesota Independence Party Becomes State Affiliate of the Alliance Party". Ballot Access News. Retrieved August 4, 2020.
  12. ^ "Elected Officials". The Alliance Party. Alliance Party National Committee. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
  13. ^ "INDEPENDENT PARTY'S 2009 LEGISLATIVE AGENDA | Independent Party of Oregon". 2009-08-19. Archived from the original on 2009-08-19. Retrieved 2020-09-12.
  14. ^ "Senator Brian Boquist has left GOP, is now a member of the Independent Party of Oregon". Oregon Catalyst. 2021-01-15.
  15. ^ Meyerson, Harold (November 11, 2014). "Meet the Working Families Party, Whose Ballot Line is in Play in New York". Prospect. Retrieved November 30, 2016.
  16. ^ Winger, Richard. "March 2020 Ballot Access News Print Edition". Ballot Access News. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
  17. ^ "Howie Hawkins will probably be the Green Party's 2020 nominee". The Economist. March 26, 2020. Retrieved August 20, 2020.
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Further reading[]

  • Nash, Howard P., Jr.; Schnapper, M. B. (1959). Third Parties in American Politics.
  • Ness, Immanuel; Ciment, James (2000). The Encyclopedia of Third Parties in America. Armonk, NY, U.S.A.: Sharpe Reference. ISBN 0-7656-8020-3.

External links[]

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