List of premiers of New Brunswick

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Canadian province of New Brunswick was a British crown colony before it joined Canada in 1867.[1] It had a system of responsible government beginning in 1854, and has kept its own legislature to deal with provincial matters.[2] New Brunswick has a unicameral Westminster-style parliamentary government, in which the premier is the leader of the party that has the confidence of the Legislative Assembly to form a government. The premier is New Brunswick's head of government, and the Queen of Canada is its head of state and is represented by the Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick. The premier picks a cabinet from the elected members to form the Executive Council of New Brunswick, and presides over that body.[3]

Members are first elected to the legislature during general elections. General elections must be conducted every five years from the date of the last election, but the premier may ask for early dissolution of the Legislative Assembly. An election may also take place if the governing party loses the confidence of the legislature by the defeat of a supply bill or tabling of a confidence motion.[3]

New Brunswick has had 36 individuals serve as first minister. The province had five individuals as leaders while a colony, and 31 individuals after Canadian Confederation, of which two were from the Confederation Party, 11 from the Progressive Conservative Party of New Brunswick, 15 from the New Brunswick Liberal Association, one from the Anti-Confederation Party, and seven with unofficial party affiliations.

Premiers of New Brunswick[]

  Progressive Conservative Party of New Brunswick   New Brunswick Liberal Association   Unofficial affiliation

Premier
(party) 		Period Parli-
aments 		Elections
Premiers of the Colony of New Brunswick (1854–1867)
CharlesFisher23.jpg
 1st Charles Fisher[4](1808-1880)
(1st time of 2) 		November 1, 1854
May 1856 		16th Elected June 1854
John Hamilton Gray.jpg
 2nd John Hamilton Gray[5](1814-1889) June 21, 1856
June 1857 		17th Elected June 24, 1856
CharlesFisher23.jpg
 — Charles Fisher[4]
(2nd time of 2) 		June 1, 1857
March 19, 1861 		18th Elected May 8, 1857
Resigned March 19, 1861
Samuel Leonard Tilley 1864.jpg
 3rd Samuel Leonard Tilley

(1818-1896)

March 19, 1861
March 1865 		Designated March 19, 1861
19th Elected June 6, 1861
Albert James Smith.jpg
 4th Albert James Smith[6]
(Anti-Confederation, unofficially)

(1822-1883)

September 21, 1865
April 14, 1866 		20th Elected June 24, 1865
Resigned April 14, 1866
Peter Mitchell.jpg
 5th Peter Mitchell[7]
(Confederation Party, unofficially)

(1824-1899)

April 14, 1866
August 1867 		Designated April 14, 1866
21st
... 		Elected May 1866
Resigned August 1867
Premiers of the province of New Brunswick since Confederation (1867–present)
1st Andrew R. Wetmore[8]
(Confederation Party, unofficially)

(1820-1892)

August 16, 1867
May 25, 1870 		...
21st 		Designated August 16, 1867
Resigned May 25, 1870
George Edwin King 1895.jpg
 2nd George E. King[9]
(1st time of 2)

(1839-1901)

June 9, 1870
February 21, 1871 		Designated June 9, 1870
22nd Elected June 29, 1870
Resigned February 21, 1871
3rd George L. Hathaway

(1813-1872)

February 21, 1871
July 5, 1872 		Designated February 21, 1871
Resigned July 5, 1872
George Edwin King 1895.jpg
 4th George E. King[9]
(2nd time of 2) 		July 5, 1872
May 3, 1878 		Designated July 5, 1872
23rd Re-elected June 4, 1874
John James Fraser.png
 5th John James Fraser[10](1829-1896) June 1878
May 25, 1882 		24th Elected June 25, 1878
Resigned May 25, 1882
6th Daniel L. Hanington[11](1835-1909) May 25, 1882
February 1883 		Designated May 25, 1882
25th Elected June 15, 1882
Resigned February 1883
Andrew George Blair.jpg
 7th Andrew G. Blair[12]
(Liberal, unofficially)

(1844-1907)

March 3, 1883
July 17, 1896 		Designated March 3, 1883
26th Re-elected April 26, 1886
27th Re-elected January 20, 1890
28th Re-elected November 22, 1892
29th Re-elected October 9, 1895
Resigned July 17, 1896
8th James Mitchell
(Liberal, unofficially)

(1843-1897)

July 17, 1896
October 29, 1897 		Designated July 17, 1896
Resigned October 29, 1897
HREmmersonWIK.jpg
 9th Henry Emmerson[13]
(Liberal, unofficially)

(1853-1914)

October 29, 1897
August 31, 1900 		Designated October 29, 1897
30th Re-elected February 18, 1899
Resigned August 31, 1900
Lemuel John Tweedie.jpg
 10th Lemuel J. Tweedie
(Liberal, unofficially)

(1849-1917)

September 1, 1900
March 2, 1907 		Designated September 1, 1900
31st Re-elected February 28, 1903
Resigned March 2, 1907
William Pugsley.jpg
 11th William Pugsley
(Liberal, unofficially)

(1850-1925)

March 6, 1907
May 31, 1907 		Designated March 6, 1907
Resigned May 31, 1907
Clifford William Robinson.jpg
 12th Clifford W. Robinson
(Liberal, unofficially)

(1866-1947)

May 31, 1907
March 24, 1908 		Designated May 31, 1907
John Douglas Hazen.jpg
 13th John Douglas Hazen
(Conservative, unofficially)

(1860-1937)

March 24, 1908
October 10, 1911 		32nd Elected March 3, 1908
Resigned October 10, 1911
14th James Kidd Flemming[14]
(Conservative, unofficially)

(1868-1927)

October 16, 1911
December 6, 1914 		Designated October 16, 1911
33rd Re-elected June 20, 1912
Resigned December 6, 1914
15th George Clarke[15]
(Conservative, unofficially)

(1857-1917)

December 6, 1914
February 1, 1917 		Designated December 6, 1914
16th James A. Murray[16]
(Conservative, unofficially)

(1864-1960)

February 1, 1917
April 4, 1917 		Designated February 1, 1917
Walter Edward Foster.jpg
 17th Walter E. Foster[17]
(Liberal, unofficially)

(1873-1947)

April 4, 1917
February 1, 1923 		34th Elected February 24, 1917
35th Re-elected October 9, 1920 to a minority government
Resigned February 1, 1923
Peter Veniot as Postmaster General.jpg
 18th Peter J. Veniot[18]
(Liberal, unofficially)

(1863-1936)

February 28, 1923
September 10, 1925 		Designated February 28, 1923 to a minority government
19th John B. M. Baxter[19]
(Conservative, unofficially)

(1868-1946)

September 14, 1925
May 19, 1931 		36th Elected August 10, 1925
37th
Re-elected June 19, 1930
Resigned May 19, 1931
20th Charles D. Richards[20]
(Conservative)

(1879-1956)

May 18, 1931
June 2, 1933 		Designated May 18, 1931
Resigned June 2, 1933
LeonardPDTilley.jpg
 21st Leonard P. D. Tilley[21]
(Conservative)

(1870-1947)

June 1, 1933
July 12, 1935 		Designated June 1, 1933
Allison Dysart dates.jpg
 22nd A. Allison Dysart[22]
(Liberal)

(1880-1962)

July 16, 1935
March 13, 1940 		38th Elected June 27, 1935
39th Re-elected November 20, 1939
Resigned March 13, 1940
John B. McNair 1951 (cropped).jpg
 23rd John B. McNair
(Liberal)

(1889-1968)

March 13, 1940
October 7, 1952 		Designated March 13, 1940
40th Re-elected August 28, 1944
41st Re-elected June 28, 1948
24th Hugh John Flemming
(Progressive Conservative)

(1899-1982)

October 8, 1952
July 11, 1960 		42nd Elected September 22, 1952
43rd Re-elected June 18, 1956
P8173909.jpg
 25th Louis Joseph Robichaud
(Liberal)

(1925-2005)

July 12, 1960
November 11, 1970 		44th Elected June 27, 1960
45th Re-elected April 22, 1963
46th Re-elected October 13, 1967
26th Richard Bennett Hatfield
(Progressive Conservative)

(1931-1991)

November 11, 1970
October 27, 1987 		47th Elected October 26, 1970
48th Re-elected November 18, 1974
49th Re-elected October 23, 1978
50th Re-elected October 12, 1982
Frank McKenna2.jpg
 27th Francis Joseph McKenna[23]
(Liberal)

(b. 1948)

October 27, 1987
October 14, 1997 		51st Elected October 13, 1987
52nd Re-elected September 23, 1991
53rd Re-elected September 11, 1995
Resigned October 13, 1997
28th Joseph Raymond Frenette
(Liberal)

(1935-2018)

October 14, 1997
May 14, 1998 		Designated October 14, 1997
Resigned May 14, 1998
Camille Thériault.jpg
 29th Camille Thériault
(Liberal)

(b. 1955)

May 14, 1998
June 21, 1999 		Designated May 14, 1998
Bernard Lord au PJP 2012.jpg
 30th Bernard Lord
(Progressive Conservative)

(b. 1965)

June 21, 1999
October 3, 2006 		54th Elected June 7, 1999
55th Re-elected June 9, 2003
Shawn Graham 2007.JPG
 31st Shawn Michael Graham
(Liberal)

(b. 1968)

October 3, 2006
October 12, 2010 		56th Elected September 18, 2006
David Alward, premier of New Brunswick, Canada.png
 32nd David Nathan Alward
(Progressive Conservative)

(b. 1959)

October 12, 2010
October 7, 2014 		57th Elected September 27, 2010
Brian Gallant, New Brunswick, Canada's Liberal leader.png
 33rd Brian Alexander Gallant
(Liberal)

(b. 1982)

October 7, 2014
November 9, 2018 		58th Elected September 22, 2014
59th Re-elected September 24, 2018 to a minority government
Blaine Higgs 2021.jpg
 34th* Blaine Higgs
(Progressive Conservative)

(b. 1954)

November 9, 2018 Designated November 9, 2018 to a minority government
60th Re-elected September 14, 2020 to a majority government

* The New Brunswick practice is to count George E. King as the 2nd and 4th premier, making Blaine Higgs the 34th premier.[24]

Living former premiers[]

As of December 2021, six former premiers are alive, the oldest being Frank McKenna (1987–1997, born 1948). The most recent former premier to die and the most recently serving premier to die was Ray Frenette (1997–1998), on July 14, 2018.

Name Term Date of birth
Frank McKenna 1987–1997 (1948-01-19) January 19, 1948 (age 74)
Camille Thériault 1998–1999 (1955-02-25) February 25, 1955 (age 66)
Bernard Lord 1999–2006 (1965-09-27) September 27, 1965 (age 56)
Shawn Graham 2006–2010 (1968-02-22) February 22, 1968 (age 53)
David Alward 2010–2014 (1959-12-02) December 2, 1959 (age 62)
Brian Gallant 2014–2018 (1982-04-27) April 27, 1982 (age 39)
Blaine HiggsBrian GallantDavid AlwardShawn GrahamBernard LordCamille ThériaultJoseph Raymond FrenetteFrank McKennaRichard Bennett HatfieldLouis Joseph RobichaudHugh John FlemmingJohn B. McNairAllison A. DysartLeonard P. D. TilleyCharles D. RichardsJohn B. M. BaxterPeter J. VeniotWalter E. FosterJames A. MurrayGeorge Johnson ClarkeJames Kidd FlemmingJohn Douglas HazenClifford W. RobinsonWilliam PugsleyLemuel J. TweedleHenry R. EmmersonJames Mitchell (Canadian politician)Andrew G. BlairDaniel L. HaningtonJohn James FraserGeorge Edwin KingGeorge L. HathawayGeorge Edwin KingAndrew R. Wetmore

Deputy premiers[]

Name Term of office Notes
Aldéa Landry 1987 1991
Marcelle Mersereau 1994 1995
Ray Frenette 1995 1997 Became premier
Alan R. Graham 1997 1998
Doug Tyler 1998 1999
Dale Graham 1999 2006
Donald Arseneault 2006 2010
Paul Robichaud 2010 2014
Stephen Horsman 2014 2018
Robert Gauvin 2018 2020

See also[]

References[]

General
  • "New Brunswick by the numbers". CBC. August 25, 2006. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  • "Premiers of New Brunswick". The Legislative Library of New Brunswick. Archived from the original on June 11, 2011. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  • Doyle, Arthur T. (1984). Elections in New Brunswick, 1784-1984. Fredericton: Brunswick Press. ISBN 0-88838-391-6.
Specific
  1. ^ "Canadian Confederation". Library and Archives Canada. May 2, 2005. Archived from the original on June 22, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  2. ^ "Responsible Government". Library and Archives Canada. May 2, 2005. Archived from the original on June 21, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  3. ^ a b "The Legislative Process". Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  4. ^ a b "Fisher, Charles (Hon.)" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  5. ^ "John Hamilton Gray" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  6. ^ "Albert J. Smith" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  7. ^ "Peter Mitchell" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  8. ^ "Andrew R. Wetmore" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  9. ^ a b "King, George Edwin (Hon.)" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  10. ^ "John James Fraser" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  11. ^ "Daniel L. Hanington" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  12. ^ "Andrew G. Blair" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 19, 2012. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  13. ^ "Henry R. Emmerson" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  14. ^ "James Kidd Flemming" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  15. ^ "George J. Clarke" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  16. ^ "James A. Murray" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  17. ^ "Walter E. Foster" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  18. ^ "Peter J. Veniot" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  19. ^ "Baxter, John Babington Macaulay Sr" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 24, 2007. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  20. ^ "Richards, Charles Dow" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  21. ^ "Tilley, Leonard Percy DeWolfe" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  22. ^ "Dysart, Albert Allison" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  23. ^ "McKenna, Francis Joseph (Frank)" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  24. ^ "Shawn Graham Bios". Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick. August 26, 2010. Archived from the original on July 18, 2011. Retrieved March 19, 2011.

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