List of rulers of Damascus

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This is a list of rulers of Damascus from ancient times to the present.

General context: History of Damascus.

Canaanite[]

  • Uz ben Shem (c. 2500 BC)
  • Biryawaza (14th century BC)

Aram Damascus[]

  • Rezon I (c. 950 BC)
  • Tabrimmon
  • Ben-Hadad I (c. 885 BCE–c. 865 BC)
  • Hadadezer (c. 865 BC–c. 842 BC)
  • Hazael (c. 842 BC–c. 804 BC)
  • Ben-Hadad III (c. 796 BC)
  • Tab-El (c. 770 BC)
  • Rezon II (c. 740 BC–732 BC)

Period of non-independence[]

  • to Assyria (732 BC–609 BC)
    • Ilu-Ittia (c. 8th century BC)
  • to Babylon (609 BC–539 BC)
  • to Persian Achaemenid Empire (539 BC–332 BC)
  • to Macedon (332 BC–323 BC)
  • to Antigonids (323 BC–301 BC)
  • to Ptolemaic Kingdom (301 BC–198 BC)
  • to Seleucids (198 BC–167 BC)
  • to Ituraea (167 BC–110 BC) (Semi independent from Seleucids)
  • to the Decapolis (110 BC–85 BC) (Semi independent from Seleucids)
  • to Nabataea (85 BC–64 BC)
  • to the Roman Republic/Roman Empire/Byzantine Empire (64 BC–635)
    • to the Ghassanids (529–584; ?–635)

Rashidun period[]

  • Khalid ibn al-Walid (635–636)
  • Abu Ubaidah ibn al Jarrah (636–637)
  • Amr ibn al-Aas (637–640)
  • Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan (640)
  • Muawiyah ibn Abu Sufyan (640–661)

Umayyad period[]

  • Muawiyah I ibn Abu Sufyan (661–680)
  • Yazid I ibn Muawiyah (680–683)
  • Muawiya II ibn Yazid (683–684)
  • Marwan I ibn Hakam (684–685)
  • Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (685–705)
  • al-Walid I ibn Abd al-Malik (705–715)
  • Suleiman ibn Abd al-Malik (715–717)
  • Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz (717–720)
  • Yazid II ibn Abd al-Malik (720–724)
  • Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik (724–743)
  • al-Walid II ibn Yazid II (743–744)
  • Yazid III ibn al-Walid (744)
  • Ibrahim ibn al-Walid (744)
  • Marwan II ibn Muhammad (ruled from Harran in the Jazira, 744–750)

Abbasid period[]

[1]

  • Abdallah ibn Ali (750–754)
  • Salih ibn Ali (754)
  • (754–764)
  • Al-Fadl ibn Salih (766–775)
  • Abu Ja'far Harun al-Rashid (783–786)
  • Ibrahim ibn as-Salih ibn Ali (c. 785)
  • (?–788)
  • Ibrahim ibn as-Salih ibn Ali (c. 788–791)
  • Musa ibn Isa (c. 792)
  • Musa ibn Yahya al-Barmaki (c. 792)
  • Abd al-Malik ibn Salih (793–795)
  • Ishaq ibn Isa ibn Ali (c. 795–?)
  • Shu'ayb ibn Khazim (802–803)
  • Ja'far ibn Yahya (803)
  • Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn Ibrahim ibn Muhammad (803–804)
  • Sulayman ibn al-Mansur (804–805)
  • Yahya ibn Mu'adh ibn Muslim (c. 806)
  • Ali ibn al-Hasan ibn Qahtaba (807–809)
  • Mansur ibn Muhammed al-Mahdi (809–810)
  • Ahmad ibn Sa'id al-Harashi (810)
  • Sulayman ibn Abdallah al-Mansur (810)
  • Muhammad ibn Salih ibn Bayhas (810–820)
  • Abdallah ibn Tahir (820–822)
  • Abu Ishaq Muhammad ibn Harun al-Rashid (c. 828)
  • Dinar ibn Abd Allah (c. 839)
  • Muhammed ibn al-Jahm al-Sami (c. 839)
  • Musa ibn Ibrahim al Rafiqi (c. 842)
  • Rija ibn Ayyub al-Hadari (841–847)
  • Malik ibn Tawk (847–850)
  • Ibrahim al-Mu'ayyad ibn al-Mutawakkil (850–855)
  • al-Fath ibn Hakan al-Turki (856–861)
  • Yunus ibn Tarja (c. 861)
  • Isa ibn Muhammad al-Nawshari (861–866)
  • Salih ibn al-'Abbasi al-Turki (c. 866)
  • Ahmad ibn Khalil al Shaybani (c. 866)
  • Yamkjur al-Turki (c. 869)
  • Asram al-Turki (c. 870)
  • Isa ibn al-Shaykh al-Shaybani, rebel governor (c. 870)
  • Amajur al-Turki (870–878)
  • to Tulunid Egypt (877–904)
  • Abbasid restauration:
  • to Ikhshidid Egypt (935–969), except for:
    • Muhammad Ibn Ra'iq (939–942)
    • Muhammad ibn Yazdad al-Shahrzuri (943–945)
    • Sayf al-Dawla (briefly in 945 and 947)

Fatimid emirs[]

Qarmatian occupation of Damascus
  • Zalim ibn Mauhab al-Ukayli (973–974)
  • Jaysh ibn Muhammad (974)
  • Rayn al-Mu'izzi (974)
  • Alptakin al-Mu'izzi (975–978)
  • Qassam al-Turab (978–983)
Fatimid recovery of Damascus
  • Baltakin al-Turki (983)
  • Bakjur (983–991)
  • Ya'qub al-Siqlabi (991)
  • Manjutakin (993–996)
  • Sulayman ibn Fallah (996)
  • Bishara al-Ikhshidi (997–998)
  • Jaysh ibn Muhammad (998–1000)
  • Sulayman ibn Fallah (1000–1002)
  • Abu'l-Hasan Ali ibn Jafar (1002–1004)
  • Abu Salih Muflih al-Lihyani (1004–1009)
  • Hamid ibn Mulham (1009)
  • Wajik ad-Dawlah Abu al-Muta Zu-l-Karnayn Hamdan (1010–1011)
  • Badr al-Attar (1011–1012)
  • Abu Abdallah al-Muzahhir (1012–1014)
  • Abd ar-Rahman ibn Ilyas (1015–1021)
  • Wajik ad-Dawlah Abu al-Muta Zu-l-Karnayn Hamdan (1021–1023)
  • Shihab ad-Dawlah Shah Tegin (1023–1024)
  • Wajik ad-Dawlah Abu al-Muta Zu-l-Karnayn Hamdan (1024–1028)
  • Anushtakin ad-Dizbari (1028–1041)
  • Nasir ad-Dawlah al-Hamdani (1041–1048)
  • Baha ad-Dawlah Takiq al-Saklabi (1048–1049)
  • Rifq al-Khadim (1049)
  • Mu'in ad-Dawlah Haydar ibn Adud ad-Dawlah (1049–1058)
  • Makin ad-Dawlah Abu Ali al-Hasan ibn 'Ali (1058)
  • Nasir ad-Dawlah al-Hamdani (1058–1060)
  • Sebuq Tegin (1060)
  • Muwaffaq ad-Dawlah Jauhar al-Mustansiri (1060–1061)
  • Hasam ad-Dawlah ibn al-Bachinaki (1061)
  • Uddat ad-Dawlah ibn al-Husein (1061)
  • Mu'in ad-Dawlah Haydar ibn Adud ad-Dawla (1061–1063)
  • Badr al-Jamali (1063)
  • Hisn ad-Dawlah Haydar ibn Mansur (1063–1067)
  • Qutb ad-Din Baris Tegin (1068–1069)
  • Hisn ad-Dawlah Mualla al-Kitami (1069–1071)
  • Zain ad-Dawlah Intisar ibn Yahya al-Masmudi (1075–1076)

Seljuk emirs[]

  • Atsiz ibn Abaq (1076–1079)
  • Tutush I (1079–1095)
  • Duqaq, son of Tutush I (1095–1104)
  • , son of Duqaq (1104)
  • Irtash, son of Tutush I (1104)

Burid emirs[]

Zengid atabegs[]

Ayyubid emirs (some were also Sultans of Egypt)[]

Mamluk na'ibs[]

  • Sanjar as-Salihi (August/September 1260–October 1260)[2]
  • Taybars al-Waziri (October 1260–1264)[2]
  • Aqqush as-Salihi (1264–)[2]
  • Sunqur al-Ashqar (1275–1280)
  • Lajin al-Ashqar (1280–?)
  • Aqush Bey (c. 1290s)
  • Izz ad-Din Aybak (?–1296)
  • Shuja ad-Din Adirlu (1296–1297)
  • Sayf ad-Din Kipchak (1297–1299)
  • Aqqush al-Afram (1299–1309)
  • Sayf ad-Din Tanqiz as-Nasiri (1312–1340)
  • Yilbugha an-Nasiri (1340–1350)
  • Sayf ad-Din Manjak (1350)
  • Tash Timur (c. 1380)
  • Yilbugha al-Nasiri (?–1393)
  • Sayf ad-Din Tanibak (1393–1399)
  • Sudun (1399–1400)
  • occupied by Timur (1400–1401)
  • Taghribirdi az-Zahiri (1401–?)
  • Sayf ad-Din Jaqmaq (1418–1420)
  • Kijmas (c. 1470s)
  • Ghazali Arab (c. 16th century)
  • Sibai (c. 16th century)[3]
  • Shihab ad-Din Ahmad (1516–1517)
  • Janbirdi al-Ghazali (1518–1521)

Ottoman walis[]

Arab Kingdom of Syria[]

  • Faisal (1918–1920)

Capital of Syria[]

  • French Syria (1920–1946)
  • Republic of Syria (1946–1958)
  • United Arab Republic (1958–1961)
  • Syrian Arab Republic (1961–present)

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Paul M. Cobb (22 March 2001). White Banners: Contention in 'Abbasid Syria, 750-880. p. 137. ISBN 9780791448809.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c Sato, p. 79.
  3. ^ Burns 2007, p. 144
  4. ^ Abu-Husayn 1985, pp. 187–188.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Barbir 1980, p. xv.
  6. ^ Sajdi, 2013, p. 98.
  7. ^ Douwes, 2000, p. 58.
  8. ^ Saliba 1978, pp. 307, 315–316.

Bibliography[]

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