List of turnpikes in Virginia and West Virginia

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For the modern turnpikes, see Richmond-Petersburg Turnpike and West Virginia Turnpike.
Historic Turnpikes in Virginia and West Virginia
Highway names
InterstatesInterstate X (I-X)
US HighwaysU.S. Route X (US X)
StateState Route X (SR X) or Virginia Route X (VA X), West Virginia Route X (WV X)
System links

This is a list of turnpike roads, built and operated by nonprofit turnpike trusts or private companies in exchange for the privilege of collecting a toll, in the U.S. states of Virginia and West Virginia, mainly in the 19th century. While most of the roads are now maintained as free public roads, some have been abandoned.

List[]

Alleghany Turnpike
Name Chartered Routing Approximate modern designation Notes
February 19, 1850
December 28, 1803 Abingdon - Saltville
1878[1] 15 south from Leesburg to Little River Turnpike at Gilberts Corner Route 15 (Virginia) Official name of Leesburg and Aldie Turnpike, below.
December 31, 1805 Lafayette - East of Christiansburg U.S. Route 11 Later absorbed into the
Tolled state improvement
Ashby's Gap Turnpike Aldie - Ashby's Gap - Berrys U.S. Route 50
Aurora - Terra Alta Aurora Pike Was part of the
March 1, 1851 Martinsburg - Frenchburg Tuscarora Pike, Hampshire Grade Road, Blue Rock Road, Old Romney Grade (abandoned), WV Route 127, WV Route 29, Old Martinsburg Road
Berryville Turnpike 1831 Winchester - Berryville - Shenandoah River VA Route 7
March 22, 1847 Berryville - Charles Town U.S. Route 340
1852 Beverly - Elkins - Belington - Philippi - Fairmont U.S. Route 250, Laurel Mountain Road, U.S. Route 250 Tolled state improvement
March 25, 1848 East of New Market - Stanley - Fishers Gap - Madison - Gordonsville U.S. Route 340, , Kite Hollow Road, Old Blue Ridge Turnpike, VA Route 231
Boydton and Petersburg Plank Road Petersburg - McKenney - South Hill - Boydton; McKenney - Lawrenceville U.S. Route 1, U.S. Route 58; VA Route 712
Pennsylvania - Brandonville - Bruceton Mills - Morgantown - Fairmont WV Route 26, old WV Route 73, , U.S. Route 19 Became part of the
See Kingwood and Brandonville Turnpike
Richmond - Solomons Store Brook Road, U.S. Route 1
Buchanan - Bedford VA Route 43
March 15, 1849 Buckhannon - French Creek - Jacksonville WV Route 4, Beechtown Road, Union Road, Walkersville Arnold Road
Cacapon and North Branch Turnpike
Capon and North Branch Turnpike Maryland - Springfield - Capon Bridge WV Route 28, Springfield Grade Road
March 24, 1851 Winchester - Marlboro Cedar Creek Grade
Charleston - Point Pleasant WV Route 25, WV Route 62
Charleston - Ripley - Ravenswood Old U.S. Route 21, Ravenswood-Ripley Road
March 22, 1847 Route 340
Clarksburg - Buckhannon WV Route 20
Clarksburg - Philippi Old Philippi Pike, Cherry Hill Road
29 March 1851
Cumberland Road Tolled state improvement
Morgantown - Blacksville - Burton WV Route 100, WV Route 7
Grafton - Fairmont - Mannington - Hundred - Cameron - Wheeling WV Route 310, U.S. Route 250, WV Route 88 Tolled state improvement
District of Columbia () - Langley - Great Falls - Dranesville
January 17, 1848 North Carolina - Fancy Gap - Hillsville - Max Meadows U.S. Route 52, VA Route 121 Tolled state improvement
Farmville - Buckingham Plank Road, VA Route 633
1808 [2] Warrenton - Centreville - Fairfax U.S. Route 29 Eastern terminus was on the Little River Turnpike, near Fairfax Courthouse. [3]
Fincastle - Montvale Blue Ridge Turnpike, Bethel Road, abandoned portion over Black Horse Gap
Fincastle - Covington U.S. Route 220, Craig Creek Road, Roaring Run Road, Watahala Lane, Rich Patch Road
February 1850 Endicott[citation needed] - Floyd - Hillsville Shooting Creek Road[citation needed], U.S. Route 221 Tolled state improvement
Fredericksburg - Orange VA Route 3, VA Route 20
March 27, 1848 Winchester - Front Royal U.S. Route 522
Front Royal - east of Washington U.S. Route 522, Ben Venue Road
Pearisburg - Rich Creek - Red Sulphur Springs - - Beckley - Oak Hill - Fayetteville - Kanawha Falls - South Charleston U.S. Route 460, U.S. Route 219, WV Route 12, Seminole Road, abandoned portion along the New River, Leatherwood Road, WV Route 3, U.S. Route 19, WV Route 16, Jenkins Branch Road, WV Route 61
Linn - Glenville - Arnoldsburg - Spencer - Ripley - Ripley Landing U.S. Route 33, WV Route 62
Charleston - Saint Albans - Guyandotte Kanawha Turnpike, U.S. Route 60
February 24, 1851
March 8, 1846 Moorefield - Wardensville - west of Winchester; branch to Capon Springs WV Route 55, VA Route 55, Wardensville Grade
1851
1851
Howardsville - Stuarts Draft - Middlebrook Howardsville Turnpike, VA Route 6, Chapel Hollow Road, Old Howardsville Turnpike, Howardsville Turnpike, U.S. Route 340, Howardsville Road
Huntersville - Warm Springs WV Route 39, VA Route 39
Huttonsville - Huntersville U.S. Route 219, WV Route 39 Tolled state improvement
February 24, 1854
March 31, 1848 Floyd - Cave Spring U.S. Route 221
March 1851 Floyd - Christiansburg Christians Burg Pike, Pilot Road
James River and Kanawha Turnpike Buchanan - Clifton Forge - Covington - White Sulphur Springs - Lewisburg - Rainelle - Gauley Bridge - Charleston VA Route 43, U.S. Route 220, U.S. Route 60
1851
March 26, 1860 Tazewell - Marion - Sugar Grove VA Route 16
Jonesville - Wise
March 17, 1849 Buchanan - Lexington - Staunton U.S. Route 11, Plank Road, U.S. Route 11
Kanawha Turnpike
Tazewell - Grundy
Fellowsville - Kingwood - Bruceton Mills WV Route 26 Originally named the
Kingwood - Terra Alta WV Route 7 Was part of the
See Morgantown, Kingwood and West Union Turnpike
Leesburg Turnpike Leesburg - Dranesville - District of Columbia () VA Route 7
1878 Leesburg - Gilberts Corner Route 15 See Aldie Turnpike, above.
1853[4] Leesburg - Point of Rocks Route 15
March 21, 1853 Burkeville - Lunenburg Lewiston Plank Road, VA Route 49
Little River Turnpike January 28, 1802 Alexandria - Fairfax - Aldie
1852[5] Just East of Purcellville - Lovettsville - Brunswick Route 287, Berlin Tpke
May 25, 1852 Blackstone - Kenbridge - VA Route 40, Plank Road
1851
Lynchburg - Glasgow - Lexington U.S. Route 501, River Road, Millers Landing Lane, Forge Road, Wesley Chapel Road, U.S. Route 60
Lynchburg - Bedford - Roanoke - Salem U.S. Route 460, Salem Turnpike
Manchester Turnpike Manchester - Midlothian U.S. Route 60
Manchester - Petersburg U.S. Route 1
1849 Martinsburg - Maryland U.S. Route 11
March 24, 1848 Martinsburg - Winchester U.S. Route 11
Charlotte Court House - Drakes Branch VA Route 47
Richmond - Mechanicsville U.S. Route 360
Staunton - Middlebrook - Brownsburg - Lexington VA Route 252, VA Route 39
18 February 1854 Route 51
Moorefield and North Branch Turnpike April 7, 1838 Green Spring - Springfield - Romney - Moorefield , Harriott-Wappocomo Road (County Route 28/15), WV Route 28 Succeeded by the in 1868.
1851
Pennsylvania - - Morgantown - Evansville - Belington Fort Martin Road, Collins Ferry Road, U.S. Route 119, Brewer Road, Independence-Gladesville Road, Old Evansville Pike, WV Route 92 Tolled state improvement
Pennsylvania - Morgantown - Fairmont - Bridgeport - Clarksburg , old WV Route 73, U.S. Route 50
Morgantown - Reedsville - Kingwood Old Kingwood Pike, WV Route 7 Was part of the
Morgantown - Reedsville - Kingwood - Terra Alta - Aurora Old Kingwood Pike, WV Route 7, Aurora Pike Originally the ; later split into the , , and
National Turnpike Ohio - Wheeling - Pennsylvania U.S. Route 40
1851 New Market - Sperryville U.S. Route 211
Newark Turnpike
February 24, 1851 Winchester - Berkeley Springs - Maryland U.S. Route 522
1851
Northwestern Turnpike March 3, 1834 Winchester - Capon Bridge - Romney - Grafton - Bridgeport - Clarksburg - West Union - Parkersburg U.S. Route 50 Tolled state improvement
Pennsylvania - Brandonville - Bruceton Mills - Morgantown - Fairmont - Mannington - Pine Grove - New Martinsville WV Route 26, old WV Route 73, , U.S. Route 19, U.S. Route 250, Price Fork Road, WV Route 20 Tolled state improvement
See Morgantown and Beverly Turnpike
Petersburg - Courtland U.S. Route 301, VA Route 35
Danville - Callands - Rocky Mount - Roanoke - Fincastle VA Route 41, Sago Road, Smith Road, Danville Turnpike, Chestnut Mountain Road, Colonial Turnpike, Sontag Road, U.S. Route 220, Naff Road, Merriman Road, Starkey Road, Franklin Road, Old Mountain Road, U.S. Route 220
Danville - Chatham - Lynchburg U.S. Route 29, Chalk Level Road, Telegraph Road, Wards Road, U.S. Route 29
1851
March 5, 1834 Cumberland Gap - Tazewell - Bluefield - Narrows - Pearisburg - New Castle - College Estates Road, VA Route 91, U.S. Route 19, WV Route 112, old U.S. Route 460, VA Route 100, U.S. Route 460, VA Route 42, VA Route 615 Tolled state improvement
Princeton - Athens - Hill Top - - Ballard WV Route 20, Red Sulphur Turnpike, Laurel Creek Road, abandoned portion, Shanklins Ferry Crossing, Ballard Road
February 9th, 1850 Newbern - Pearisburg Virginia State Route 100,
Beckley - Princeton - Bluefield - Bland - Wytheville - Independence U.S. Route 19, U.S. Route 52, Virginia State Road 603 (Cove Road) - Wythe County, Virginia, U.S. Route 21 Remnants of the old turnpike road have been used in the present day. SR 603 (Cove Road) changes from asphalt to gravel surface when it intersects the Wythe/Bland line at Little Walker Mountain. A large abandoned segment descends Big Walker Mountain from Bland and is congruent with SR 653 (Raleigh-Grayson Turnpike) in downtown Bland. Another abandoned segment carried the original alignment of U.S. 52 north of Bland, skirting the ridge of Hogback Mountain from the gap with Brushy Mountain into Bastian until the construction of Interstate 77, and U.S. 52 was shifted west and parallel to Interstate 77.
March 3, 1860
Spencer - Reedy - Sandyville - Ravenswood WV Route 14, Liverpool Road, U.S. Route 33
Red Sulphur Springs - Alderson[citation needed] - Blue Sulphur Springs
March 8, 1847 Richlands - Kentucky U.S. Route 460 Tolled state improvement
January 5, 1804 Richmond - Short Pump U.S. Route 250
January 24, 1804 Richmond - Goochland VA Route 6
Richmond - Osborne Turnpike
Charlottesville - Rockfish Gap U.S. Route 250
Lynchburg - Rocky Mount - Floyd
Starkey Park - Salem - New Castle Merriman Road, VA Route 419, U.S. Route 11, VA Route 311
Salem - Blacksburg - U.S. Route 11, Northfork Road, Cedar Run Road, VA Route 412, Prices Fork Road, VA Route 114 Truncated from Salem to Lafayette when the was built over it
31 January 1816
Tolled state improvement
18 February 1830 Washington Street Columbia Street
Snicker's Gap Turnpike Aldie - Snicker's Gap - Shenandoah River
January 28, 1846 Buchanan - Cloverdale - Salem - Christiansburg - Newbern - Wytheville - Marion - Abingdon - Bristol U.S. Route 11, VA Route 117, U.S. Route 460, U.S. Route 11 Tolled state improvement
Sperryville - Washington - Warrenton U.S. Route 211
March 8, 1824 Staunton - Waynesboro - Scottsville U.S. Route 250, Plank Road, VA Route 20
Staunton and Parkersburg Road Staunton - Monterey - Beverly - Buckhannon - Weston - Parkersburg VA Route 254, Old Parkersburg Turnpike, U.S. Route 250, Rich Mountain Road, , U.S. Route 33, WV Route 47 Tolled state improvement
Fincastle - Sweet Springs Grove Hill Road, VA Route 611, Potts Mountain Road, abandoned portion across the state line, McDaniel Road
Fredericksburg - Orange - Stanardsville - Swift Run Gap - Elkton VA Route 3, VA Route 20, Scuffletown Road, Fredericksburg Road, U.S. Route 33 Part of the road was sold to the
March 17, 1849 Tazewell - Wytheville The turnpike traveled east on what is currently Virginia State Route 61 (SR 61) from Tazewell to SR 623, which it turned onto. It then followed a windy crossing into Burke's Garden, and then exited on a much narrower, steeper, and windier section until it reached SR 42. The turnpike then followed SR 42 briefly before moving off onto SR 621 (Old Mountain Road). The turnpike followed this onto U.S. Route 52 (US 52; Stoney Fork Road), and followed this into Wytheville. The routing south of Wytheville is unclear, perhaps following Peppers Ferry Road to Max Meadows, and then following SR 121 (Max Meadows Road) south onto US 52 to Fancy Gap. The Tazewell Courthouse and Fancy Gap Turnpike, along with the Price's Turnpike and Cumberland Gap Road, was constructed through Tazewell County from 1848 to 1852.[6] It extended from Tazewell, through Burke's Garden and Wytheville, to Fancy Gap. After the Civil War, the road served as part of a stagecoach route from the Great Lakes to the South.[7] In 1885, New York University geology professor John J. Stevenson praised the road's engineering, calling it "...remarkably good..." despite the obstacle of Clinch Mountain.[8]
Baptist Valley Road
Tazewell - Richlands Tolled state improvement
March 10, 1851 Tazewell - Saltville
Valley Turnpike March 24, 1838 Winchester - Harrisonburg - Staunton
January 29, 1830 Harrisonburg - Bridgewater - Warm Springs VA Route 42, Mossy Creek Road, Freemason Run Road, Stribling Springs Road, U.S. Route 250, Deerfield Valley Road, VA Route 39
U.S. Route 1; Jefferson Davis Highway[9]
Wellsburg - Bethany WV Route 67
Wellsburg - Pennsylvania WV Route 27
Welltown - north of Winchester[citation needed] Welltown Road[citation needed] Managed by the
Richmond - Westham VA Route 147
Weston - Clarksburg - Fairmont U.S. Route 19, Lost Creek Road, U.S. Route 19
Weston and Gauley Bridge Turnpike
Wheeling - West Liberty - Bethany WV Route 88
Caldwell - Salt Sulphur Springs WV Route 63, U.S. Route 219
Winchester - Millwood - Berrys U.S. Route 50
May 11, 1852

See also[]

  • Blank shield.svg U.S. Roads portal
  • Flag of Virginia.svg Virginia portal

References[]

  1. ^ Scheel, Eugene M. (2002). Loudoun Discovered, Communities, Corners & Crossroads, Volume Two, Leesburg and the Old Carolina Road. The Friends of the Thomas Balch Library. p. 134.
  2. ^ Fauquier and Alexandria Turnpike
  3. ^ Archaeological Investigations
  4. ^ Scheel, Eugene M. (2002). Loudoun Discovered, Communities, Corners & Crossroads, Volume Five, Waterford, The German Settlement, and Between the Hills. The Friends of the Thomas Balch Library. p. 18.
  5. ^ Scheel, Eugene M. (2002). Loudoun Discovered, Communities, Corners & Crossroads, Volume Five, Waterford, The German Settlement, and Between the Hills. The Friends of the Thomas Balch Library. p. 18.
  6. ^ Leslie, Louise (1995). Tazewell County. ISBN 9781570720314.
  7. ^ Destination
  8. ^ "The Virginias: A Mining, Industrial and Scientific Journal, Devoted to the Development of Virginia and West Virginia". 1885.
  9. ^ Rose, C.B., Jr. (1976). Arlington County, Virginia: A History. Arlington Historical Society, Inc. p. 75.
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