List of turnpikes in Virginia and West Virginia
This article needs additional citations for verification. (July 2007) |
Historic Turnpikes in Virginia and West Virginia | |
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Highway names | |
Interstates | Interstate X (I-X) |
US Highways | U.S. Route X (US X) |
State | State Route X (SR X) or Virginia Route X (VA X), West Virginia Route X (WV X) |
System links | |
This is a list of turnpike roads, built and operated by nonprofit turnpike trusts or private companies in exchange for the privilege of collecting a toll, in the U.S. states of Virginia and West Virginia, mainly in the 19th century. While most of the roads are now maintained as free public roads, some have been abandoned.
List[]
This list is incomplete; you can help by . (August 2008) |
Name | Chartered | Routing | Approximate modern designation | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
February 19, 1850 | ||||
December 28, 1803 | Abingdon - Saltville | |||
1878[1] | 15 south from Leesburg to Little River Turnpike at Gilberts Corner | Route 15 (Virginia) | Official name of Leesburg and Aldie Turnpike, below. | |
December 31, 1805 | Lafayette - East of Christiansburg | U.S. Route 11 | Later absorbed into the | |
Tolled state improvement | ||||
Ashby's Gap Turnpike | Aldie - Ashby's Gap - Berrys | U.S. Route 50 | ||
Aurora - Terra Alta | Aurora Pike | Was part of the | ||
March 1, 1851 | Martinsburg - Frenchburg | Tuscarora Pike, Hampshire Grade Road, Blue Rock Road, Old Romney Grade (abandoned), WV Route 127, WV Route 29, Old Martinsburg Road | ||
Berryville Turnpike | 1831 | Winchester - Berryville - Shenandoah River | VA Route 7 | |
March 22, 1847 | Berryville - Charles Town | U.S. Route 340 | ||
1852 | Beverly - Elkins - Belington - Philippi - Fairmont | U.S. Route 250, Laurel Mountain Road, U.S. Route 250 | Tolled state improvement | |
March 25, 1848 | East of New Market - Stanley - Fishers Gap - Madison - Gordonsville | U.S. Route 340, , Kite Hollow Road, Old Blue Ridge Turnpike, VA Route 231 | ||
Boydton and Petersburg Plank Road | Petersburg - McKenney - South Hill - Boydton; McKenney - Lawrenceville | U.S. Route 1, U.S. Route 58; VA Route 712 | ||
Pennsylvania - Brandonville - Bruceton Mills - Morgantown - Fairmont | WV Route 26, old WV Route 73, , U.S. Route 19 | Became part of the | ||
See Kingwood and Brandonville Turnpike | ||||
Richmond - Solomons Store | Brook Road, U.S. Route 1 | |||
Buchanan - Bedford | VA Route 43 | |||
March 15, 1849 | Buckhannon - French Creek - Jacksonville | WV Route 4, Beechtown Road, Union Road, Walkersville Arnold Road | ||
Cacapon and North Branch Turnpike | ||||
Capon and North Branch Turnpike | Maryland - Springfield - Capon Bridge | WV Route 28, Springfield Grade Road | ||
March 24, 1851 | Winchester - Marlboro | Cedar Creek Grade | ||
Charleston - Point Pleasant | WV Route 25, WV Route 62 | |||
Charleston - Ripley - Ravenswood | Old U.S. Route 21, Ravenswood-Ripley Road | |||
March 22, 1847 | Route 340 | |||
Clarksburg - Buckhannon | WV Route 20 | |||
Clarksburg - Philippi | Old Philippi Pike, Cherry Hill Road | |||
29 March 1851 | ||||
Cumberland Road | Tolled state improvement | |||
Morgantown - Blacksville - Burton | WV Route 100, WV Route 7 | |||
Grafton - Fairmont - Mannington - Hundred - Cameron - Wheeling | WV Route 310, U.S. Route 250, WV Route 88 | Tolled state improvement | ||
District of Columbia () - Langley - Great Falls - Dranesville | ||||
January 17, 1848 | North Carolina - Fancy Gap - Hillsville - Max Meadows | U.S. Route 52, VA Route 121 | Tolled state improvement | |
Farmville - Buckingham | Plank Road, VA Route 633 | |||
1808 [2] | Warrenton - Centreville - Fairfax | U.S. Route 29 | Eastern terminus was on the Little River Turnpike, near Fairfax Courthouse. [3] | |
Fincastle - Montvale | Blue Ridge Turnpike, Bethel Road, abandoned portion over Black Horse Gap | |||
Fincastle - Covington | U.S. Route 220, Craig Creek Road, Roaring Run Road, Watahala Lane, Rich Patch Road | |||
February 1850 | Endicott[citation needed] - Floyd - Hillsville | Shooting Creek Road[citation needed], U.S. Route 221 | Tolled state improvement | |
Fredericksburg - Orange | VA Route 3, VA Route 20 | |||
March 27, 1848 | Winchester - Front Royal | U.S. Route 522 | ||
Front Royal - east of Washington | U.S. Route 522, Ben Venue Road | |||
Pearisburg - Rich Creek - Red Sulphur Springs - - Beckley - Oak Hill - Fayetteville - Kanawha Falls - South Charleston | U.S. Route 460, U.S. Route 219, WV Route 12, Seminole Road, abandoned portion along the New River, Leatherwood Road, WV Route 3, U.S. Route 19, WV Route 16, Jenkins Branch Road, WV Route 61 | |||
Linn - Glenville - Arnoldsburg - Spencer - Ripley - Ripley Landing | U.S. Route 33, WV Route 62 | |||
Charleston - Saint Albans - Guyandotte | Kanawha Turnpike, U.S. Route 60 | |||
February 24, 1851 | ||||
March 8, 1846 | Moorefield - Wardensville - west of Winchester; branch to Capon Springs | WV Route 55, VA Route 55, Wardensville Grade | ||
1851 | ||||
1851 | ||||
Howardsville - Stuarts Draft - Middlebrook | Howardsville Turnpike, VA Route 6, Chapel Hollow Road, Old Howardsville Turnpike, Howardsville Turnpike, U.S. Route 340, Howardsville Road | |||
Huntersville - Warm Springs | WV Route 39, VA Route 39 | |||
Huttonsville - Huntersville | U.S. Route 219, WV Route 39 | Tolled state improvement | ||
February 24, 1854 | ||||
March 31, 1848 | Floyd - Cave Spring | U.S. Route 221 | ||
March 1851 | Floyd - Christiansburg | Christians Burg Pike, Pilot Road | ||
James River and Kanawha Turnpike | Buchanan - Clifton Forge - Covington - White Sulphur Springs - Lewisburg - Rainelle - Gauley Bridge - Charleston | VA Route 43, U.S. Route 220, U.S. Route 60 | ||
1851 | ||||
March 26, 1860 | Tazewell - Marion - Sugar Grove | VA Route 16 | ||
Jonesville - Wise | ||||
March 17, 1849 | Buchanan - Lexington - Staunton | U.S. Route 11, Plank Road, U.S. Route 11 | ||
Kanawha Turnpike | ||||
Tazewell - Grundy | ||||
Fellowsville - Kingwood - Bruceton Mills | WV Route 26 | Originally named the | ||
Kingwood - Terra Alta | WV Route 7 | Was part of the | ||
See Morgantown, Kingwood and West Union Turnpike | ||||
Leesburg Turnpike | Leesburg - Dranesville - District of Columbia () | VA Route 7 | ||
1878 | Leesburg - Gilberts Corner | Route 15 | See Aldie Turnpike, above. | |
1853[4] | Leesburg - Point of Rocks | Route 15 | ||
March 21, 1853 | Burkeville - Lunenburg | Lewiston Plank Road, VA Route 49 | ||
Little River Turnpike | January 28, 1802 | Alexandria - Fairfax - Aldie | ||
1852[5] | Just East of Purcellville - Lovettsville - Brunswick | Route 287, Berlin Tpke | ||
May 25, 1852 | Blackstone - Kenbridge - | VA Route 40, Plank Road | ||
1851 | ||||
Lynchburg - Glasgow - Lexington | U.S. Route 501, River Road, Millers Landing Lane, Forge Road, Wesley Chapel Road, U.S. Route 60 | |||
Lynchburg - Bedford - Roanoke - Salem | U.S. Route 460, Salem Turnpike | |||
Manchester Turnpike | Manchester - Midlothian | U.S. Route 60 | ||
Manchester - Petersburg | U.S. Route 1 | |||
1849 | Martinsburg - Maryland | U.S. Route 11 | ||
March 24, 1848 | Martinsburg - Winchester | U.S. Route 11 | ||
Charlotte Court House - Drakes Branch | VA Route 47 | |||
Richmond - Mechanicsville | U.S. Route 360 | |||
Staunton - Middlebrook - Brownsburg - Lexington | VA Route 252, VA Route 39 | |||
18 February 1854 | Route 51 | |||
Moorefield and North Branch Turnpike | April 7, 1838 | Green Spring - Springfield - Romney - Moorefield | , Harriott-Wappocomo Road (County Route 28/15), WV Route 28 | Succeeded by the in 1868. |
1851 | ||||
Pennsylvania - - Morgantown - Evansville - Belington | Fort Martin Road, Collins Ferry Road, U.S. Route 119, Brewer Road, Independence-Gladesville Road, Old Evansville Pike, WV Route 92 | Tolled state improvement | ||
Pennsylvania - Morgantown - Fairmont - Bridgeport - Clarksburg | , old WV Route 73, U.S. Route 50 | |||
Morgantown - Reedsville - Kingwood | Old Kingwood Pike, WV Route 7 | Was part of the | ||
Morgantown - Reedsville - Kingwood - Terra Alta - Aurora | Old Kingwood Pike, WV Route 7, Aurora Pike | Originally the ; later split into the , , and | ||
National Turnpike | Ohio - Wheeling - Pennsylvania | U.S. Route 40 | ||
1851 | New Market - Sperryville | U.S. Route 211 | ||
Newark Turnpike | ||||
February 24, 1851 | Winchester - Berkeley Springs - Maryland | U.S. Route 522 | ||
1851 | ||||
Northwestern Turnpike | March 3, 1834 | Winchester - Capon Bridge - Romney - Grafton - Bridgeport - Clarksburg - West Union - Parkersburg | U.S. Route 50 | Tolled state improvement |
Pennsylvania - Brandonville - Bruceton Mills - Morgantown - Fairmont - Mannington - Pine Grove - New Martinsville | WV Route 26, old WV Route 73, , U.S. Route 19, U.S. Route 250, Price Fork Road, WV Route 20 | Tolled state improvement | ||
See Morgantown and Beverly Turnpike | ||||
Petersburg - Courtland | U.S. Route 301, VA Route 35 | |||
Danville - Callands - Rocky Mount - Roanoke - Fincastle | VA Route 41, Sago Road, Smith Road, Danville Turnpike, Chestnut Mountain Road, Colonial Turnpike, Sontag Road, U.S. Route 220, Naff Road, Merriman Road, Starkey Road, Franklin Road, Old Mountain Road, U.S. Route 220 | |||
Danville - Chatham - Lynchburg | U.S. Route 29, Chalk Level Road, Telegraph Road, Wards Road, U.S. Route 29 | |||
1851 | ||||
March 5, 1834 | Cumberland Gap - Tazewell - Bluefield - Narrows - Pearisburg - New Castle - | College Estates Road, VA Route 91, U.S. Route 19, WV Route 112, old U.S. Route 460, VA Route 100, U.S. Route 460, VA Route 42, VA Route 615 | Tolled state improvement | |
Princeton - Athens - Hill Top - - Ballard | WV Route 20, Red Sulphur Turnpike, Laurel Creek Road, abandoned portion, Shanklins Ferry Crossing, Ballard Road | |||
February 9th, 1850 | Newbern - Pearisburg | Virginia State Route 100, | ||
Beckley - Princeton - Bluefield - Bland - Wytheville - Independence | U.S. Route 19, U.S. Route 52, Virginia State Road 603 (Cove Road) - Wythe County, Virginia, U.S. Route 21 | Remnants of the old turnpike road have been used in the present day. SR 603 (Cove Road) changes from asphalt to gravel surface when it intersects the Wythe/Bland line at Little Walker Mountain. A large abandoned segment descends Big Walker Mountain from Bland and is congruent with SR 653 (Raleigh-Grayson Turnpike) in downtown Bland. Another abandoned segment carried the original alignment of U.S. 52 north of Bland, skirting the ridge of Hogback Mountain from the gap with Brushy Mountain into Bastian until the construction of Interstate 77, and U.S. 52 was shifted west and parallel to Interstate 77. | ||
March 3, 1860 | ||||
Spencer - Reedy - Sandyville - Ravenswood | WV Route 14, Liverpool Road, U.S. Route 33 | |||
Red Sulphur Springs - Alderson[citation needed] - Blue Sulphur Springs | ||||
March 8, 1847 | Richlands - Kentucky | U.S. Route 460 | Tolled state improvement | |
January 5, 1804 | Richmond - Short Pump | U.S. Route 250 | ||
January 24, 1804 | Richmond - Goochland | VA Route 6 | ||
Richmond - | Osborne Turnpike | |||
Charlottesville - Rockfish Gap | U.S. Route 250 | |||
Lynchburg - Rocky Mount - Floyd | ||||
Starkey Park - Salem - New Castle | Merriman Road, VA Route 419, U.S. Route 11, VA Route 311 | |||
Salem - Blacksburg - | U.S. Route 11, Northfork Road, Cedar Run Road, VA Route 412, Prices Fork Road, VA Route 114 | Truncated from Salem to Lafayette when the was built over it | ||
31 January 1816 | ||||
Tolled state improvement | ||||
18 February 1830 | Washington Street Columbia Street | |||
Snicker's Gap Turnpike | Aldie - Snicker's Gap - Shenandoah River | |||
January 28, 1846 | Buchanan - Cloverdale - Salem - Christiansburg - Newbern - Wytheville - Marion - Abingdon - Bristol | U.S. Route 11, VA Route 117, U.S. Route 460, U.S. Route 11 | Tolled state improvement | |
Sperryville - Washington - Warrenton | U.S. Route 211 | |||
March 8, 1824 | Staunton - Waynesboro - Scottsville | U.S. Route 250, Plank Road, VA Route 20 | ||
Staunton and Parkersburg Road | Staunton - Monterey - Beverly - Buckhannon - Weston - Parkersburg | VA Route 254, Old Parkersburg Turnpike, U.S. Route 250, Rich Mountain Road, , U.S. Route 33, WV Route 47 | Tolled state improvement | |
Fincastle - Sweet Springs | Grove Hill Road, VA Route 611, Potts Mountain Road, abandoned portion across the state line, McDaniel Road | |||
Fredericksburg - Orange - Stanardsville - Swift Run Gap - Elkton | VA Route 3, VA Route 20, Scuffletown Road, Fredericksburg Road, U.S. Route 33 | Part of the road was sold to the | ||
March 17, 1849 | Tazewell - Wytheville | The turnpike traveled east on what is currently Virginia State Route 61 (SR 61) from Tazewell to SR 623, which it turned onto. It then followed a windy crossing into Burke's Garden, and then exited on a much narrower, steeper, and windier section until it reached SR 42. The turnpike then followed SR 42 briefly before moving off onto SR 621 (Old Mountain Road). The turnpike followed this onto U.S. Route 52 (US 52; Stoney Fork Road), and followed this into Wytheville. The routing south of Wytheville is unclear, perhaps following Peppers Ferry Road to Max Meadows, and then following SR 121 (Max Meadows Road) south onto US 52 to Fancy Gap. | The Tazewell Courthouse and Fancy Gap Turnpike, along with the Price's Turnpike and Cumberland Gap Road, was constructed through Tazewell County from 1848 to 1852.[6] It extended from Tazewell, through Burke's Garden and Wytheville, to Fancy Gap. After the Civil War, the road served as part of a stagecoach route from the Great Lakes to the South.[7] In 1885, New York University geology professor John J. Stevenson praised the road's engineering, calling it "...remarkably good..." despite the obstacle of Clinch Mountain.[8] | |
Baptist Valley Road | ||||
Tazewell - Richlands | Tolled state improvement | |||
March 10, 1851 | Tazewell - Saltville | |||
Valley Turnpike | March 24, 1838 | Winchester - Harrisonburg - Staunton | ||
January 29, 1830 | Harrisonburg - Bridgewater - Warm Springs | VA Route 42, Mossy Creek Road, Freemason Run Road, Stribling Springs Road, U.S. Route 250, Deerfield Valley Road, VA Route 39 | ||
U.S. Route 1; Jefferson Davis Highway[9] | ||||
Wellsburg - Bethany | WV Route 67 | |||
Wellsburg - Pennsylvania | WV Route 27 | |||
Welltown - north of Winchester[citation needed] | Welltown Road[citation needed] | Managed by the | ||
Richmond - Westham | VA Route 147 | |||
Weston - Clarksburg - Fairmont | U.S. Route 19, Lost Creek Road, U.S. Route 19 | |||
Weston and Gauley Bridge Turnpike | ||||
Wheeling - West Liberty - Bethany | WV Route 88 | |||
Caldwell - Salt Sulphur Springs | WV Route 63, U.S. Route 219 | |||
Winchester - Millwood - Berrys | U.S. Route 50 | |||
May 11, 1852 | ||||
See also[]
- U.S. Roads portal
- Virginia portal
References[]
- ^ Scheel, Eugene M. (2002). Loudoun Discovered, Communities, Corners & Crossroads, Volume Two, Leesburg and the Old Carolina Road. The Friends of the Thomas Balch Library. p. 134.
- ^ Fauquier and Alexandria Turnpike
- ^ Archaeological Investigations
- ^ Scheel, Eugene M. (2002). Loudoun Discovered, Communities, Corners & Crossroads, Volume Five, Waterford, The German Settlement, and Between the Hills. The Friends of the Thomas Balch Library. p. 18.
- ^ Scheel, Eugene M. (2002). Loudoun Discovered, Communities, Corners & Crossroads, Volume Five, Waterford, The German Settlement, and Between the Hills. The Friends of the Thomas Balch Library. p. 18.
- ^ Leslie, Louise (1995). Tazewell County. ISBN 9781570720314.
- ^ Destination
- ^ "The Virginias: A Mining, Industrial and Scientific Journal, Devoted to the Development of Virginia and West Virginia". 1885.
- ^ Rose, C.B., Jr. (1976). Arlington County, Virginia: A History. Arlington Historical Society, Inc. p. 75.
- Staff (1851). Thirty-Sixth Annual Report of the Board of Public Works to the General Assembly of Virginia (Report).
- Central Virginia (Map). United States Army Corps of Topographical Engineers. 1864.
- "A Map of the State of Virginia" (Map). Herman Boye. 1827. Missing or empty
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