Lithophyllum

Lithophyllum; Temporal range: Silurian – Recent 418.7–0.0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Perithallus Hypothallus Underlying rock Undersurface of Lithophyllum orbiculatum, showing hypothallus and perithallus
Scientific classification
(unranked):	Archaeplastida
Division:	Rhodophyta
Class:	Florideophyceae
Order:	Corallinales
Family:	Corallinaceae
Subfamily:	Lithophylloideae
Genus:	Lithophyllum; Philippi, 1837
Species
	107 species, see text
Synonyms
	Hyperantherella Heydrich, 1900; Lithothamnium R.A.Philippi, 1837; Melobesia Heydrich, 1897; Perispermon Heydrich, 1900 (synonym); Pseudolithophyllum Marie Lemoine, 1913; Stichospora Heydrich, 1900; Tenarea Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1832;

Lithophyllum is a genus of thalloid red algae belonging to the family Corallinaceae.

Lithophyllum stictaeforme.

L. orbiculatum on a rock fragment; rock length ~3 cm.

Lithophyllum okamurae

Lithophyllum sp.

Fossil record[]

This genus is known in the fossil record from the Silurian to the Quaternary (from about 418.7 to 0.0 million years ago). Fossils of species within this genus have been found in Europe, United States, South America, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, India, Japan and Australia.^[2]

Description[]

The monomerous, crustose thalli are composed of a single system of filaments which grow close to the underlying surface. Lithophyllum reproduces by means of conceptacles. The epithallus is periodically shed to avoid organisms growing on top of the alga.^[3]^[4]

Species[]

The valid species currently considered to belong to this genus are:^[1]

Foslie, 1907
Foslie, 1907
Heydrich, 1902
Foslie, 1907
Lemoine, 1924
Lemoine, 1920
M. Lemoine, 1929
W.R. Taylor, 1945
Foslie, 1907
Foslie & Howe, 1906
Lemoine, 1920
M. Lemoine
Bosence, 1983
(Heydrich) Heydrich
(Heydrich) Heydrich, 1897
Foslie, 1909
M. Lemoine
(Heydrich) M. Lemoine, 1929
(Lamarck) Foslie, 1900
Heydrich, 1901
(Foslie) Foslie, 1905
(Heydrich) Heydrich, 1897
Woelkerling & S.J. Campbell, 1992
M. Lemoine, 1929
(Foslie) Foslie, 1900
(P.L. Crouan & H.M. Crouan) Heydrich, 1897
Boudouresque
Keats, 1995
(Hauck) Heydrich, 1897
(J. Ellis & Solander) Philippi, 1837
(Kützing), Foslie 1900
Foslie, 1906
(Foslie) Foslie, 1909
M. Lemoine, 1929
Lemoine, 1918
Woelkerling, 1983
(Foslie) Foslie, 1900
(M. Lemoine) South & Tittley
(Foslie) Foslie, 1906
(Lamarck) Foslie, 1900
Lemoine, 1920
Foslie, 1907
Keats, 1997
Lemoine, 1918
Foslie
(Foslie) Foslie, 1898
E.Y. Dawson, 1944
(Heydrich) W.J. Woelkerling, 1991
Foslie, 1906
Foslie, 1909
Foslie, 1905
Lithophyllum incrustans Philippi, 1837
Adey, Townsend & Boykins, 1982
Foslie, 1906
(Foslie) Huvé ex Steentoft
Woelkerling & S.J. Campbell, 1992
Woelkerling & Campbell, 1992
Unger, 1858
Foslie, 1906
Pilger
Heydrich, 1901
Lemoine, 1930
(Hariot) Heydrich, 1901
Bosence, 1983
M. Lemonie, 1929
Masaki, 1968
W.H. Adey & P.J. Adey, 1973
Foslie, 1900
Lithophyllum orbiculatum (Foslie) Foslie, 1900
(Foslie) Foslie, 1900
Zanardini ex Hauck, 1885
Foslie, 1908
Heydrich, 1901
Zanardini
Foslie
Foslie, 1905
M. Lemoine, 1939
Lemoine, 1918
Me. Lemoine, 1917
(Foslie) Foslie, 1900
(Foslie) Foslie, 1905
Foslie, 1906
(J.V. Lamouroux) Foslie, 1904
(Heydrich) Heydrich, 1897
(Lamarck) Foslie, 1901
E.Y. Dawson, 1960
(Foslie) Foslie
M. Lemoine, 1929
(Foslie) Lemoine, 1913
M. Lemoine, 1929
Foslie, 1906
Howe, 1934
Foslie, 1909
Lemoine, 1920
(M. Lemoine)
(J.E. Areschoug) Hauck, 1878
(Foslie) Foslie, 1907
Foslie
(Foslie) Foslie, 1909
Mastrorilli
P. Fravega, M. Piazza & G. Vannucci, 1993
(Esper) Foslie, 1900
Lemoine, 1917
Foslie, 1906
' ' Foslie, 1901
M. Lemoine, 1924
E.Y. Dawson, 1944
Foslie, 1909

Bibliography[]

Philippi, R.A. (1837). Beweis, dass die Nulliporen Pflanzen sind. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 3: 387-393, figs 2-6, pl. IX.
Foslie, M. (1900). Revised systematical survey of the Melobesieae. Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskabs Skrifter 1900(5): 1-22.
Woelkerling, W.J. (1998). Lamarck's nullipores. In: Non-geniculate Coralline Red Algae and the Paris Muséum: Systematics and Scientific History. (Woelkerling, W.J. & Lamy, D. Eds), pp. 101–404. Paris: Publications Scientifiques du Muséum/A.D.A.C.

References[]

^ ^a ^b WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species
^ Paleobiology Database
^ Johnson, C.; Mann, K. (1986). "The crustose coralline alga, Phymatolithon Foslie, inhibits the overgrowth of seaweeds without relying on herbivores". Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 96 (2): 127. doi:10.1016/0022-0981(86)90238-8.
^ Description of Lithophyllum at AlgaeBase

Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. (2008). "Lithophyllum". AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. Retrieved 2009-04-18.

External links[]

Images of Lithophyllum at Algaebase
Genus Lithophyllum at The Taxonomicon

[AA-1] WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species

[2] Paleobiology Database

[3] Johnson, C.; Mann, K. (1986). "The crustose coralline alga, Phymatolithon Foslie, inhibits the overgrowth of seaweeds without relying on herbivores". Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 96 (2): 127. doi:10.1016/0022-0981(86)90238-8.

[4] Description of Lithophyllum at AlgaeBase

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

Lithophyllum Temporal range: Silurian – Recent 418.7–0.0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Perithallus Hypothallus Underlying rock Undersurface of Lithophyllum orbiculatum, showing hypothallus and perithallus
Scientific classification
(unranked):	Archaeplastida
Division:	Rhodophyta
Class:	Florideophyceae
Order:	Corallinales
Family:	Corallinaceae
Subfamily:	Lithophylloideae
Genus:	Lithophyllum Philippi, 1837
Species
107 species, see text
Synonyms
Hyperantherella Heydrich, 1900 Lithothamnium R.A.Philippi, 1837 Melobesia Heydrich, 1897 Perispermon Heydrich, 1900 (synonym) Pseudolithophyllum Marie Lemoine, 1913 Stichospora Heydrich, 1900 Tenarea Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1832 ^[1]