Loligo forbesii

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Loligo forbesii
Loligo forbesii.jpg
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda
Order: Myopsida
Family: Loliginidae
Genus: Loligo
Species:
L. forbesii
Binomial name
Loligo forbesii
Synonyms
  • Loligo fusus
    Risso, 1854
  • Loligo moulinsi
    Lafont, 1871[2]

Loligo forbesii (sometimes erroneously[3] spelled forbesi), known commonly as the veined squid and long-finned squid, is a commercially important species of squid in the family Loliginidae, the pencil squids.

Description[]

This squid grows up to 90 centimetres (35 in) in mantle length. The long fins are roughly diamond-shaped and make up two thirds of the total length of the body. The color of the squid is variable, but is usually a shade of pink, red, or brown. The vestigial shell is a small, thin internal structure.[4]

Distribution[]

Loligo forbesii can be found in the seas around Europe, its range extending through the Red Sea toward the East African coast.[5] It is widespread in the Atlantic Ocean.[6] It is one of the most common cephalopods in the Celtic Sea.[7]

Biology[]

The squid lives at depths of 10 to 500 metres (33 to 1,640 ft). It attains sexual maturity at about one year old and lives 1 to 2 years, with a maximum life span of about 3 years. It generally breeds only once. The male delivers sperm into the mantle of the female using structures on a specialized tentacle. The female will spawn up to 100,000 eggs, which adhere to the sea floor.[6] Peak spawning season is in January through March off Scotland, with recruitment of juveniles occurring in the fall.[8] Off Galicia the breeding season lasts from December to May, with most mating occurring in December through February.[9]

The diet includes fish, polychaetes, crustaceans, and other cephalopods,[10] often members of its own species.[6]

Fisheries[]

This is one of the most common squid species fished in the United Kingdom.[11]

References[]

  1. ^ Philippe Bouchet (2018). "Loligo forbesii Steenstrup, 1856". World Register of Marine Species. Flanders Marine Institute. Retrieved 12 February 2018.
  2. ^ Loligo forbesii. Integrated Taxonomic Information System. (ITIS).
  3. ^ Bouchet, P. and S. Gofas. (2013). Loligo forbesi Steenstrup, 1856. World Register of Marine Species. Accessed 5 June 2013.
  4. ^ Wilson, E. Loligo forbesi: Long finned squid. Archived 2013-03-13 at the Wayback Machine Marine Life Information Network: Biology and Sensitivity Key Information Sub-programme [on-line]. Plymouth: Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 2006. Accessed 5 June 2013.
  5. ^ Bouchet, P. (2013). Loligo forbesii Steenstrup, 1857. World Register of Marine Species. Accessed 5 June 2013.
  6. ^ a b c Taylor, R. 2002. Loligo forbesii. Animal Diversity Web. Accessed June 5, 2013.
  7. ^ Hogan, C. M. (Lead Author) and P. Saundry (Topic Editor). Celtic Sea. In: Cleveland, C. J., Ed. Encyclopedia of Earth. Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment. Washington, D.C. Published October 14, 2009, revised May 13, 2013, retrieved June 5, 2013.
  8. ^ Pierce, G. J., et al. (1998). Distribution and abundance of the fished population of Loligo forbesi in Scottish waters: analysis of research cruise data.[dead link] ICES Journal of Marine Science 55 14-33.
  9. ^ Guerra, A. and F. Rocha. (1994). The life history of Loligo vulgaris and Loligo forbesi (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae) in Galician waters (NW Spain). Fisheries Research 21(1–2) 43–69.
  10. ^ Roper, C. F. E., et al. 1984. Loligo forbesi, Veined squid. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol 3. Cephalopods of the World. FAO Fisheries Synopsis 125(3).
  11. ^ Stroud, G. D. Squid. Torry Advisory Note No. 77. Torry Research Station. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. 2001.

External links[]

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