Lophodermium
| Lophodermium | |
|---|---|
| |
| Lophodermium aucupariae | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | |
| Division: | |
| Subdivision: | |
| Class: | |
| Order: | |
| Family: | |
| Genus: | Lophodermium Chevall.
|
| Type species | |
| Lophodermium arundinaceum (Schrad.) Chevall.
| |
Lophodermium is a genus of fungi within the family Rhytismataceae.[1] The genus contains 145 species and has a global distribution.[2] Species of this genus are usually observed producing zone lines, conidiomata and ascomata on dead fallen leaves, but at least some are known to colonize living leaves. In many cases they then live inside the colonized leaf as a symptomless endobiont, where they are regarded as detritivores utilising dead plant matter. In a few cases they may kill all or part of the leaf prematurely, and there is a substantial literature dealing with those species as plant pathogens.[3] The genus infects many different plant families but with a notable concentration in the family Pinaceae; many Lophodermium species are restricted to a single host genus (or even species[4]), but some, particularly those infecting grasses, may infect several genera.[5][6] Some are economically important plant pathogens, such as those that cause needlecast disease in European Black Pine, Scots Pine and Red Pine in forestry and christmas tree plantations. In these species, notably L. pinastri and L. seditiosum, the fungal spores disperse and infect the pine needles in late summer, which turn brown by the following spring and then fall off.[3]
Partial list of species[]
A selection of species is listed below with their principal hosts:[3][4][5][6]
- . Host: Picea (often included in L. piceae[5])
- . Host: Poaceae
- . Host: Poaceae
- Lophodermium aucupariae. Host: Sorbus
- . Host: Pinus
- . Host: Abies
- . Host: Pinus
- . Host: Carex
- . Host: Juniperus
- . Host: Pinus
- . Host: Abies
- . Host: Poaceae
- . Host: Abies
- . Host: Pinus
- . Host: Pyrola
- . Host: Poaceae
- . Host: Rosaceae, particularly Crataegus
- . Host: Poaceae
- . Host: Convallaria
- . Host: Vaccinium
- . Host: Amelanchier
- . Host: Pinus
- . Host: Andromeda
- . Host: Juniperus
- . Host: Abies
- . Host: Larix
- . Host: Pinus subgenus Strobus
- . Hosts: Arctostaphylos, Vaccinium
- . Host: Vaccinium
- . Host: Pinus
- . Host: Picea
- . Host: Pinus
- . Host: Vaccinium
- . Hosts: Paeonia
- . Hosts: Castanea, Quercus
- . Host: Abies (L. abietis often considered synonymous[5])
- Hosts: Larix, Pinus
- Host: Pinus subgenus Strobus
- Host: Pinus mugo
- . Host: Pyrola
- . Host: Rubus
- Lophodermium schweinitzii. Hosts: Gaultheria, Rhododendron
- Lophodermium seditiosum Host: Pinus
- . Host: Rhododendron
- . Host: Thuja
- . Host: Typha
- . Host: Abies
References[]
- ^ Lumbsch, T. H., & Huhndorf, S. M. (December 2007). "Outline of Ascomycota – 2007". Myconet. Chicago, USA: The Field Museum, Department of Botany. 13: 1–58. Archived from the original on 2009-03-18.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- ^ Kirk, P. M., Cannon, P. F., Minter, D. W., & Stalpers, J. A. (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi. 10th ed. Wallingford: CABI. p. 393. ISBN 0-85199-826-7.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Phillips, D. H., & Burdekin, D. A. (1992). Diseases of Forest and Ornamental Trees, ed. 2. Macmillan ISBN 0-333-49493-8
- ^ Jump up to: a b Cheng-Lin Hou, Li Li, & Meike Piepenbring (2009) Lophodermium pini-mugonis sp. nov. on needles of Pinus mugo from the Alps based on morphological and molecular data. Mycol. Progress 8: 29–33.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Minter, D. W. Fungi of Ukraine, Rhytismatales: Lophodermium Archived 2002-05-02 at the Wayback Machine. CAB International.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Pacific Northwest Fungi Database: Lophodermium Archived 2011-07-20 at the Wayback Machine
External links[]
- Leotiomycetes
- Fungal plant pathogens and diseases