Lucid Air

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Lucid Air
Lucid Air Grand Touring - front.jpg
Grand Touring edition
Overview
ManufacturerLucid Motors
Production2021
AssemblyCasa Grande, Arizona, United States (Lucid Motors facility)
DesignerDerek Jenkins
Body and chassis
ClassElectric Executive car
Body style4-door sedan
Layout
Powertrain
Electric motorFront and rear Dual ActiveCore motor producing 1,080 horsepower (810 kilowatts)
Transmission1 speed fixed gear
Battery75 to 113 kWh, 900-volt-plus electrical architecture
Electric rangeUp to 517 mi (832 km)[1]
Plug-in charging
  • Onboard charger
  • AC Charging to 19.2kW
  • Offboard charger
  • DC Combined Charging System (CCS) 300kW peak
Dimensions
Wheelbase116.5 in (2,960 mm)
Length195.9 in (4,975 mm)
Width76.3 in (1,939 mm)
Height55.5 in (1,410 mm)

The Lucid Air is an electric car whose prototype was unveiled by Lucid Motors in December 2016.[2] As of 2017, it is designed to compete with existing brands in the electric vehicle (EV) industry, in particular the Tesla Model S, the Karma Revero, the Porsche Taycan, as well as other brands in the luxury car segment, including Mercedes-Benz, BMW and Audi.[3]

The company projects that the Air sedan will achieve a range of 517 miles (832 km) on a single charge if the EPA test cycle is used.[4][5] The production version was unveiled in September 2020, and Lucid expects to put the car into production in late 2021.[6][7]

In November 2020, the Lucid Air Pure was announced with 406 miles (653 km) of projected range and 480 horsepower (360 kW) and a starting price of US$77,400.[8] The full range of models includes Lucid Air Touring, Grand Touring, and Dream Edition versions.[9]

History[]

The Lucid Air was conceived in the early 2010s, with a prototype unveiled to the public in 2016,[2] and the production version unveiled in September 2020, with production planned to start in 2021.[6][7]

Lucid entered into a partnership deal with Samsung SDI on December 2, 2016 for battery procurement.[10][11]

In 2016, Lucid Motors created a delivery van prototype of its electric powertrain for the Air using batteries from its former brand, Atieva. Known as "Edna", the electric powered delivery van contained two gearboxes and motors producing over 900 hp (671 kW) and a battery pack capable of storing 87 kWh of energy. Combined with all-wheel drive and other physical and software updates, Edna was able to achieve a 0–60 mph (97 km/h) time of 2.74 seconds and quarter mile time of 11.3 seconds.[12] According to Lucid Motors, Edna was used to test the performance and real world functionality of its powertrain, including "motor control algorithms, regenerative braking behaviors, accelerator pedal feel, and cooling strategies".[13]

In 2018, at Laguna Seca, Lucid Motors set a new record with the Air, achieving a time of 1:39.30

In 2018, a modified Lucid Air prototype set an EV lap record of 1:41.67 at the Laguna Seca track, beating the Jaguar I Pace by seven seconds, previously holding a previous record of 1:48.18.[14] Featured as a prototype, the Air was equipped with "Pirelli P Zero PZ4 summer tires, modified high temperature brake pads and fluid, a 6 point roll cage and fire suppression system".[15]

In 2018, Lucid Motors closed a US$1 billion investment deal with Saudi Arabia's Public Investment Fund to fund the Air's production.[16] Production was then expected to commence in late 2020 following the construction of the Lucid factory in Casa Grande, Arizona.[16] The factory's total investment was expected to amount to US$675 million by 2025 when all phases are complete, with the first phase including a US$168 million investment in equipment and US$82 million investment in property acquisition.[17]

By May 2019, the Air was available for pre-order in the United States and Canada, with plans stated to move to China as well.[18] In an interview, CEO Peter Rawlinson stated that China would pose as a significant market for Lucid Motors due to their intensive usage patterns, which the Air is best suited for.[19]

In a 2019 interview, Rawlinson outlined that the US$100,000-plus vehicle could be seen as the first stage of a much bigger vision, which is to achieve a level of energy efficiency that combined with an ubiquitous fast charging network, will counteract the need for bigger sized batteries.[20] Rawlinson specified that Lucid Motors aims to improve energy efficiency to be 5 mi (8 km) / kWh as opposed to an industry average of 3 mi (5 km) / kWh.[20] Rawlinson further outlined then that the price of batteries was expected to drop to US$100 / kWh within the next decade, which he believes will enable Lucid Motors to produce a luxury EV for less than US$30,000.[20]

On June 30, 2020, Lucid Motors said that they expected the Lucid Air to be "the world's most aerodynamically efficient luxury car when it goes into production".[21] The company "achieved a new benchmark in aerodynamic efficiency for its luxury electric car...with tests recently completed at Windshear's advanced rolling-road wind tunnel, the automaker verified a coefficient of drag of 0.21."[21]

Design[]

The Air has been designed to compete in the luxury sports segment against the Tesla Model S as well as high-line models from German car manufacturers.[3] Its goal is to match the ability of sport coupes,[22] but has a greater interior space, with a smaller external length and width.[23]

On September 9, 2020, the Lucid Air was officially unveiled, and on November 24, 2020, Lucid Motors detailed the full range including the Lucid Air Pure, Touring, Grand Touring and Dream Edition.[9]

Range[]

On August 11, 2020, Lucid Motors announced that they estimate the Air will have a range of 517 miles (832 km) on a single charge if subjected to the EPA test cycle.[5] The results were verified by engineering consulting firm FEV North America.[5] This is 28% higher than the EPA range of 402 mi (647 km) for the Tesla Model S Long Range, which had the highest current EV range at the time although a smaller battery.[24] The company attributes this to "Lucid’s in-house electric motors, design and aerodynamics, among other things...the company also cited the experience of its Atieva technology division, which supplies battery packs to the Formula E electric racing circuit."[5]

On November 24, the company-predicted range for all four models was announced: 406 miles (653 km) for the Lucid Air Pure and Lucid Air Touring, 503 mi (810 km) for the Lucid Air Dream Edition, and 517 mi (832 km) for the Lucid Air Grand Touring.[25]

DreamDrive (ADAS)[]

DreamDrive Advanced Driver-Assistance System uses 14 cameras: three forward-facing, four side- and rear-facing, four surround-view, a rear-facing, a rear-facing fisheye, a drive-monitoring camera. There are five radar units.[26]

On July 29, 2020, Lucid Motors announced DreamDrive, an Advanced Driver-Assistance System (ADAS) which will debut in the Air. The DreamDrive sensor suite has 32 sensors in total, including "14 cameras: Three forward-facing, four side- and rear-facing, four surround-view, a rear-facing, a rear-facing fisheye, and lastly, a driving monitoring one. There are five radar units. One is a forward-facing long-range sensor, and the other four are short-range ones. Twelve short-range ultrasonic sensors handle near-field detection, and lastly, a high-resolution, long-range, 125-beam (equivalent), forward-facing Lidar maps the three-dimensional space ahead of the car."[26][clarification needed]

Aerodynamics[]

The Air has a drag coefficient of 0.21.[21]

Powertrain[]

Lucid Motors will use lithium-ion battery cells sourced from Samsung SDI to supply the Air's primary powertrain.[10]

The base Air will be equipped with a 75 kWh battery with rear wheel drive, capable of producing 400 hp (298 kW), 600 N⋅m (443 lbf⋅ft) of torque and 240 mi (386 km) of range.[27] A larger version of the Air will have a 110 kWh battery pack which will provide an estimated 517 miles (832 km) of EPA range.[28] It will have all-wheel drive with a combined 1,000 hp (746 kW).[29] This version of the Air will be able to accelerate from 0-60 mph (97 km/h) in 2.5 seconds.[22] In their most recent performance test, the larger Air achieved a top speed of 235 mph (378 km/h).[30] According to Lucid Motors, the production model of the larger Air will be capable of a top speed over 200 mph (320 km/h).[22]

The Air has a rated energy efficiency of 21.4 kWh/100 km (62 miles), or 2.89 miles/kWh, which is equivalent to 2.4 litres/100 km in fuel.[31][verification needed]

Charging[]

Lucid Motors plans to offer a nationwide charging plan to customers in the US through its joint agreement with Electrify America,[32] using a 900 volt system.[33] In the first phase[when?] of its construction, Electrify America will offer "more than 2,000 fast charging stations over 500 sites, spread out across 40 states and 17 major metropolitan areas".[34] In a 2019 interview with Lucid Motors Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Peter Rawlinson recognized fast charging capability as a priority due to the emergence of more intense usage patterns and demand for "stop-and-go" fast charging as a result of time constraints among consumers.[19]

Lucid Motors claims that its 2170 cells differ significantly from normal lithium ion cells due to their tolerance of repeated cyclic fast charging and non-use for a prolonged period of time without losing capacity.[19]

Furthermore, Lucid Motors claims that their cars will have reverse charging[clarification needed] functionality.[6]

Features[]

Other standard features include: "LED headlights, all the necessary hardware for autonomous driving, four high resolution screens (three of which are touch sensitive), 19-inch alloy wheels, 10 speaker sound system, 12-way power adjustment for the front seats, front and rear trunk with a total luggage space of around 900 liters (32 cu ft), and over-the-air software updates."[22][35][36][37]

The Air can be optioned with improved battery packs that will offer either 315 miles (507 km) or 400 miles (640 km), as well as a dual motor, all-wheel drive powertrain producing up to 1,000 horsepower (750 kW) for the top of the range.[citation needed]

Other options include: "active suspension, a panoramic sunroof, executive rear seats that can recline up to 55 degrees, a 29 speaker sound system with noise cancellation, 21-inch alloy wheels, and front seats with heating, ventilation, dynamic bolsters, massage and 22-way electric adjustment."[22][35][36]

Models[]

Model Years Gross capacity Powertrain Power Torque 0–100 km/h (62 mph) Top speed Range DC charging AC charging on-board
Air 2022– 75 kWh Rear-motor rear-wheel drive (RWD) 298 kW (405 PS; 400 hp) 600 N⋅m (443 lbf⋅ft) TBA 200 km/h (124 mph) TBA 300 kW 19.2 kW
Air Pure 2022– 88 kWh 358 kW (487 PS; 480 hp) No data 4.2 seconds 200 km/h (124 mph) 540 km (336 mi) 22 kW
Air Touring Q4 2021– Dual-motor all-wheel drive (AWD) 462 kW (628 PS; 620 hp) 3.4 seconds 250 km/h (155 mph) 406 mi (653 km)
Air Grand Touring Q2 2021– 110 kWh 385 kW (523 PS; 516 hp) 3.2 seconds 270 km/h (168 mph) 517 mi (832 km)
Air Dream Edition Q2 2021– (Pre-Order Limited edition) 113 kWh Tri-motor all-wheel drive (AWD) 805 kW (1,094 PS; 1,080 hp) 2.7 seconds 503 mi (810 km)

References[]

  1. ^ Jonathan M. Gitlin (11 August 2020). "Independent testing confirms the Lucid Air has a range of 517 miles (832 km)". Ars Technica.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b Lambert, Fred (2016-12-14). "Lucid unveils its electric sedan called 'Air': 400 miles of range, 1000 hp, 'autonomous-ready' and 'more than $100,000'". Electrek. Retrieved 2020-09-05.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b "How does the Lucid Air stack up against the competition?". TechCrunch. Retrieved 2019-05-06.
  4. ^ https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/pdfs/EPA%20test%20procedure%20for%20EVs-PHEVs-11-14-2017.pdf
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  6. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Dream Ahead". September 9, 2020. Retrieved September 9, 2020.
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  8. ^ Baldwin, Roberto (2020-11-25). "2022 Lucid Air Pure, Base Model of the New EV, to Start at $77,400". Car and Driver. Retrieved 2021-07-13.
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  32. ^ Edelstein, Stephen. "Lucid Motors to Use Electrify America Charging Network". The Drive. Retrieved 2019-05-10.
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Further reading[]

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