Ludwigia grandiflora

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Ludwigia grandiflora
Jussiaea grandiflora.jpg
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Onagraceae
Genus: Ludwigia
Species:
L. grandiflora
Binomial name
Ludwigia grandiflora
(Michx.) Greuter &
Synonyms[1]
  • Jussiaea grandiflora Michx.

Ludwigia grandiflora, commonly referred to as Water primrose, is an aquatic plant of the order Myrtales.[1]

It is closely related and easily confused with Ludwigia hexapetala.[2] The two species can be distinguished at a chromosomal level, because L. grandiflora is hexaploid and L. hexapetala is decaploid.[3] However, they can be distinguished morphologically. L. grandiflora has villous hairs, smaller flowers and smaller pollen grains.[3] Some authorities consider that these differences are too slight to consider these different species and so separate these taxa as two varieties or two subspecies.[4][5]

Invasive species[]

Ludwigia grandiflora has been listed on the List of Invasive Alien Species of Union concern since 2016[6] and in the United States it is on the South Carolina State-listed Noxious Weed list.[7] It out-competes other plants by forming dense mats at the margins and in ponds.[8] It is introduced to warm temperate areas of North America, Japan and Europe and has formed large stable populations, particularly in France.[9]

Ludwigia grandiflora found in the Lower Hillsborough River Wilderness Preserve in Florida.

Life history[]

Ludwigia grandiflora can, and does, produce viable seed, but it is also highly effective at vegetative reproduction and apparently recruitment of new plants from seed is low.[10] The large showy flowers attract a wide variety of insects. A study in Belgium, where L. grandiflora is introduced, showed that the flowers are visited by a wide variety of insects including bees, Lepidoptera, beetles and hoverflies.[11]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ a b "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species". The Plant List. Retrieved 27 January 2020.
  2. ^ Jacono, Colette. "Identification of common aquatic water-primrose species, Ludwigia, in Florida" (PDF). Retrieved 2020-01-27.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  3. ^ a b Zardini, Elsa M.; Gu, Hongya; Raven, Peter H. (1991). "On the separation of two species within the Ludwigia uruguayensis complex (Onagraceae)". Systematic Botany. 16 (2): 242. doi:10.2307/2419276. JSTOR 2419276.
  4. ^ Ward, Daniel Bertram (2012). "New combinations in the Florida Flora III". Phytologia. 94 (3): 459–485 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  5. ^ Nesom, Guy; Kartesz, John (2000). "Observations on the Ludwigia uruguayensis complex (Onagraceae) in the United States". Castanea. 65 (2): 123–125. JSTOR 4034110.
  6. ^ "List of Invasive Alien Species of Union concern - Environment - European Commission". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 2020-01-27.
  7. ^ "South Carolina State Noxious Weeds List | USDA PLANTS". plants.usda.gov. Retrieved 2020-01-28.
  8. ^ "Ludwigia grandiflora - Bugwoodwiki". wiki.bugwood.org. Retrieved 2020-01-28.
  9. ^ Dandelot, Sophie; Verlaque, Régine; Dutartre, Alain; Cazaubon, Arlette (2005). "Ecological, dynamic and taxonomic problems due to Ludwigia (Onagraceae) in France". Hydrobiologia. 551 (1): 131–136. doi:10.1007/s10750-005-4455-0. S2CID 46339363.
  10. ^ Okada, Miki; Grewell, Brenda J.; Jasieniuk, Marie (2009-10-01). "Clonal spread of invasive Ludwigia hexapetala and L. grandiflora in freshwater wetlands of California". Aquatic Botany. 91 (3): 123–129. doi:10.1016/j.aquabot.2009.03.006.
  11. ^ Stiers, Iris; Triest, Ludwig (2017-10-01). "Low interspecific pollen transfer between invasive aquatic Ludwigia grandiflora and native co-flowering plants". Biological Invasions. 19 (10): 2913–2925. doi:10.1007/s10530-017-1494-1. S2CID 7022310.


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