Lule River
Lule River | |
---|---|
Native name | [Lule Saami: Julevädno Swedish: Lule älv, Luleälven] Error: {{Native name}}: missing language tag (help) (language?) |
Location | |
Country | Sweden, Norway |
Physical characteristics | |
Source | Sårjåsjaure |
Mouth | Gulf of Bothnia |
• location | Luleå, Norrbotten, Sweden |
• coordinates | 65°35′12″N 22°02′31″E / 65.58667°N 22.04194°ECoordinates: 65°35′12″N 22°02′31″E / 65.58667°N 22.04194°E |
• elevation | 0 m (0 ft) |
Length | 450 km (280 mi)[1] |
Basin size | 25,240.5 km2 (9,745.4 sq mi)[2] |
Discharge | |
• average | 515 m3/s (18,200 cu ft/s)[1] |
Lule River (Lule Sami: Julevädno, Swedish: Lule älv, Luleälven) is a major river in Sweden, rising in northern Sweden and flowing southeast for 460 km (290 mi) before reaching the Gulf of Bothnia at Luleå. It is the second longest river by watershed area or length in Norrbotten County (after the Torne River and very slightly ahead of the Kalix River, which is 460.65 km long), but is the largest by average discharge.
It has a watershed of 25,240.5 km² of which 24,545.6 km² is in Sweden and 694.9 km² in Norway.
The river is an important source of hydroelectric energy, with major hydroelectric plants at e.g. Porjus and the 977 MW Harsprånget, commissioned in 1952 and expanded in 1983 to become Sweden's largest hydro power station.[3]
The river was used extensively for the transportation of timber, with logs floated downstream for processing at Luleå, but this stopped in the early 1980s. Several major rapids exist along the river's length, notably the and those at Porjus and Harsprånget.
During the 19th and 20th centuries, the river was designated as a defensive line against an invasion from Imperial Russia and subsequently the Soviet Union. Extensive fortifications exist along the entire length of the river, culminating in Bodens Fortress in and around the city of Boden. Most of these fortifications and bunkers are no longer in use today.
The Greater Lule River (Big Lule River) arguably begins somewhere near in the mountains west of Gällivare. The water flows to the lake, which also collects water from (via ) and (via ). The joins the Lule as well in Virihaure. Leaving Virihaure to the north, the river reaches the lake after losing 32m over 2.2 km. It then flows via the to lake and then , collecting a lot of water from other lakes in Sarek National Park, like , and from the Swedish-Norwegian border. There are numerous waterfalls and rapids in the river. The best known is Stora Sjöfallet at the end of the Akkajaure lake, where the water falls 39.6 m from to . In this lake the joins the Lule. The is the largest of the lakes in the river. Here it reaches the forest, and after the lake is joined by the from Muddus National Park. At 75m, near the village of Vuollerim, the river joins with the Lesser Lule River. The Lule passes the (25m over 2 km), Edefors and . It flows into the Baltic Sea through the and .
Other rivers in the watershed of the Lule with a length of more than 100 km are: , , Lesser Lule River, , , , and Bodträskån.
References[]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lule River. |
- (in Swedish) article Lule älf from Nordisk Familjebok (1912)
- ^ a b "Luleälven". Nationalencyklopedin (in Swedish). Retrieved 14 July 2010. (subscription required)
- ^ "Län och huvudavrinningsområden i Sverige" (PDF) (in Swedish). Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute. Retrieved 14 July 2010.
- ^ Mellgren, Erik. "Third time counted for Harsprånget", Ny Teknik 28 July 2012. Retrieved: 7 August 2012.
- Norrbotten
- Lapland (Sweden)
- Lule River basin
- Rivers of Norrbotten County