Former New Zealand electorate
Lyttelton is a former New Zealand parliamentary electorate . It existed from 1853 to 1890, and again from 1893 to 1996, when it was replaced by the Banks Peninsula electorate .
Population centres [ ]
The New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 , passed by the British government, allowed New Zealand to establish a representative government. The initial 24 New Zealand electorates were defined by Governor George Grey in March 1853. Lyttelton was one of the initial single-member electorates.
The electorate was in the eastern suburbs of Christchurch , New Zealand, and included the port of Lyttelton .
History [ ]
The electorate was created in 1853 and existed until 1890. In the 1890 election , the Akaroa electorate covered the town of Lyttelton.[2] The Lyttelton electorate was re-established for the 1893 election and existed until 1996, the first mixed-member proportional (MMP) election, when it was included in the Banks Peninsula electorate.
The nomination meeting for the first election was held on 15 August 1853 at the Reading Room in Lyttelton. The first election was held two days later on a Wednesday at the Resident Magistrate's Office in Lyttelton, with Charles Simeon as Resident Magistrate acting as the returning officer.[3] The election was contested by , the solicitor of the Canterbury Association , and James FitzGerald , who in the previous month had been elected Canterbury 's first Superintendent . FitzGerald won the election by 55 votes to 45.[4] In the 1855 election , FitzGerald was returned unopposed.[5] FitzGerald represented the electorate until 1857, when he resigned due to ill health.[6]
Crosbie Ward won the resulting by-election in May 1858.[7] Ward was re-elected unopposed on 25 January 1861.[8] [9]
Edward Allen Hargreaves won the 1866 election.[10] He resigned in April 1867. Hargreaves was succeeded by George Macfarlan , who was elected unopposed in a 1 July 1867 by-election .[12] Macfarlan died in office on 9 October 1868.
John Thomas Peacock won the 2 November 1868 by-election .[14] At the 1871 election , Peacock was re-elected unopposed.[15] He held the seat until April 1873, when was promoted to the New Zealand Legislative Council (the upper house).[16] [17] He resigned from Parliament on 5 April 1873.[18] The resulting by-election on 19 May 1873 was won by his brother in law, Henry Richard Webb , who beat Hugh Murray-Aynsley .[19]
At the 28 December 1875 general election , the Lyttelton electorate was contested by the same two candidates as the 1873 by-election, but this time, Murray-Aynsley was successful.[20] [21] Murray-Aynsley was defeated by Harry Allwright in the 1879 general election held on 4 September.[22]
John Joyce represented Lyttelton from 1887 to 1890 and from 1893 to 1899. The electorate was held from 1913 by James McCombs for the Social Democrats and then for Labour; he was succeeded by his wife when he died, and then his son when she also died.
The 1925 general election was contested by Melville Lyons and the incumbent, James McCombs .[23] The original count resulted in a tie of 4,900 votes each. The returning officer gave his casting vote to Lyons and declared him elected. A recount was demanded, and on 3 December 1925, an amended result of 4890 votes for Lyons and 4884 votes for McCombs was determined, with the differences in the counts explained by counting informal votes in a different way.[24] Lyons' election was declared void on 13 March 1926, and the previous holder, McCombs, was restored as the holder of the electorate.[23] The 22nd Parliament had its first sitting on 16 June 1926, hence Lyons had not been sworn in before his election was declared void.
The 1931 election had a close result, with McCombs just 32 votes ahead of the United–Reform Coalition candidate, Christchurch civil engineer Frederick Willie Freeman.[26] [27]
The seat has been held by National and Norman Kirk transferred to the safer (for Labour) Sydenham seat in 1969, just as his predecessor Harry Lake transferred to the safer (for National) Fendalton seat in 1960.
Election results [ ]
Key
Independent
Liberal
Social Democrat
Labour
Reform
National
Table footnotes:
^ 1925 election result declared invalid in 1926 and McCombs reinstated.
Election results [ ]
This list is complete and up to date as of July 2021 .
1993 election [ ]
1993 general election : Lyttelton[28]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Labour
Ruth Dyson
9,616
40.60
National
David Carter
8,939
37.74
Alliance
Ann Lewis
3,729
15.74
+6.98
NZ First
Ross Gluer
829
3.50
Christian Heritage
Bruce Burnett
375
1.58
Natural Law
David Lovell-Smith
193
0.81
Majority
677
2.85
Turnout
23,681
87.71
+0.55
Registered electors
26,997
1990 election [ ]
1990 general election : Lyttelton[29]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
National
Gail McIntosh
9,368
41.13
Labour
Peter Simpson
9,300
40.83
-15.13
NewLabour
Ann Lewis
1,996
8.76
Green
Cliff Mason
1,760
7.72
Democrats
Audrey Evans Scott
141
0.61
Social Credit
Louise Moore
137
0.60
McGillicuddy Serious
Tom Wells
74
0.32
Majority
68
0.29
Turnout
22,776
87.16
-1.37
Registered electors
26,129
1987 election [ ]
1987 general election : Lyttelton
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Labour
Peter Simpson
12,362
55.96
National
Philip Hall
8,629
39.06
Democrats
Michael Bruce
813
3.68
-0.45
NZ Party
A J Roberts
187
0.84
Imperial British Conservative
P A Swafford
96
0.43
Majority
3,733
16.90
Turnout
22,087
88.53
-4.11
Registered electors
24,948
1984 election [ ]
1984 general election : Lyttelton
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Labour
Ann Hercus
11,994
51.52
-2.47
National
D G Graham
7,031
30.20
NZ Party
Ross Burrows
3,291
14.13
Social Credit
Michael Bruce
962
4.13
-5.86
Majority
4,963
21.32
+3.34
Turnout
23,278
92.64
+1.91
Registered electors
25,127
1981 election [ ]
1981 general election : Lyttelton
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Labour
Ann Hercus
11,685
53.99
+5.43
National
Simon Stamers-Smith
7,793
36.01
Social Credit
Michael Bruce
2,163
9.99
Majority
3,892
17.98
+11.40
Turnout
21,641
90.73
+19.93
Registered electors
23,852
1978 election [ ]
1978 general election : Lyttelton
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Labour
Ann Hercus
10,493
48.56
National
Colleen Dewe
9,070
41.98
-5.90
Social Credit
Louise Moore
1,294
5.98
Values
H Chambers
577
2.67
Independent
John Victor Pierson
153
0.70
Tory
Suzanne Sadler
17
0.07
Majority
1,423
6.58
Turnout
21,604
70.80
-15.09
Registered electors
30,510
1975 election [ ]
1975 general election : Lyttelton
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
National
Colleen Dewe
10,107
47.88
Labour
Tom McGuigan
9,108
43.15
-13.73
Values
Peter Heal
1,300
6.15
Social Credit
Errol Crockett
592
2.80
Majority
999
4.73
Turnout
21,107
85.89
-5.69
Registered electors
24,574
1972 election [ ]
1972 general election : Lyttelton
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Labour
Tom McGuigan
11,078
56.88
+9.68
National
John Blumsky
7,843
40.27
Social Credit
Joe Pounsford
472
2.42
Liberal Reform
W J Jamieson
52
0.26
New Democratic
Robert Ramsay Scarth
31
0.15
Majority
3,235
16.61
+15.05
Turnout
19,476
91.58
-0.18
Registered electors
21,266
1969 election [ ]
1969 general election : Lyttelton
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Labour
Tom McGuigan
8,800
47.20
National
Peter de Latour
8,508
45.63
+5.83
Social Credit
Terry Huggins
1,042
5.58
Majority
292
1.56
Turnout
18,642
91.76
+4.12
Registered electors
20,315
1966 election [ ]
1966 general election : Lyttelton
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Labour
Norman Kirk
9,045
52.00
-2.04
National
Peter de Latour
6,924
39.80
Social Credit
Cliff Munnings
1,424
8.18
+1.11
Majority
2,121
12.19
-2.97
Turnout
17,393
87.64
-4.51
Registered electors
19,844
1963 election [ ]
1963 general election : Lyttelton
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Labour
Norman Kirk
9,539
54.04
+6.35
National
Tom Flint
6,862
38.87
Social Credit
Cliff Munnings
1,249
7.07
+0.81
Majority
2,677
15.16
+13.60
Turnout
17,650
92.15
-0.53
Registered electors
19,153
1960 election [ ]
1960 general election : Lyttelton
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Labour
Norman Kirk
7,910
47.65
-1.00
National
Jim Hay
7,650
46.08
Social Credit
Cliff Munnings
1,040
6.26
Majority
260
1.56
-1.86
Turnout
16,600
92.68
-1.93
Registered electors
17,911
1957 election [ ]
1957 general election : Lyttelton
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Labour
Norman Kirk
8,064
48.65
National
Harry Lake
7,497
45.23
+2.94
Social Credit
Wilfrid Owen
1,014
6.11
-12.21
Majority
567
3.42
Turnout
16,575
94.61
-3.01
Registered electors
17,519
1954 election [ ]
1954 general election : Lyttelton
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
National
Harry Lake
6,175
42.29
-8.15
Labour
Tom McGuigan
6,151
42.12
Social Credit
Wilfrid Owen
2,675
18.32
Majority
24
0.16
-0.73
Turnout
14,601
91.90
+2.24
Registered electors
15,887
1951 election [ ]
1951 general election : Lyttelton
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
National
Harry Lake
7,480
50.44
Labour
Terry McCombs
7,347
49.55
-3.81
Majority
133
0.89
Turnout
14,827
89.36
-2.51
Registered electors
16,591
1949 election [ ]
1949 general election : Lyttelton[32]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Labour
Terry McCombs
7,758
53.36
-1.50
National
Richard Ralph Beauchamp
6,780
46.63
Majority
978
6.72
-4.30
Turnout
14,538
91.87
+1.55
Registered electors
15,824
1946 election [ ]
1946 general election : Lyttelton[33]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Labour
Terry McCombs
7,682
54.86
+3.05
National
Ted Taylor
6,319
45.13
+3.77
Majority
1,543
11.02
+0.57
Turnout
14,001
90.32
+0.82
Registered electors
15,500
1943 election [ ]
1943 general election : Lyttelton[34]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Labour
Terry McCombs
6,817
51.81
-9.58
National
Ted Taylor
5,443
41.37
Democratic Labour
Malcolm Frederick Nottage
781
5.94
Real Democracy
Leonard Alexander Jarden
117
0.89
Informal votes
124
0.93
0.53
Majority
1,374
10.44
-12.34
Turnout
13,282
84.04
-9.10
Registered electors
15,805
1938 election [ ]
1938 general election : Lyttelton[36]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Labour
Terry McCombs
8,041
61.39
2.68
National
Isaac Wilson
5,057
38.61
Majority
2,984
22.78
-0.61
Informal votes
53
0.40
-0.19
Turnout
13,151
93.14
7.87
Registered electors
14,120
1935 election [ ]
1935 general election : Lyttelton[37]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Labour
Terry McCombs
6,965
58.71
0.06
United/Reform
Seton Fulton Marshall
4,190
35.32
Democrat
Benjamin Henry Riseley
709
5.98
Majority
2,775
23.39
4.49
Informal votes
71
0.59
Turnout
11,935
85.27
Registered electors
13,997
1935 by-election [ ]
1935 Lyttelton by-election [39]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Labour
Terry McCombs
5,437
58.65
United/Reform
Melville Lyons
3,685
39.75
Independent Labour
Edward Hills
103
1.11
Independent
G.S. Hamilton
46
0.50
Majority
1752
18.9
-6.75
Turnout
9,271
67.43[40]
1933 by-election [ ]
1933 Lyttelton by-election [41]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Labour
Elizabeth McCombs
6,344
61.66
11.89
United/Reform
Frederick Freeman
3,675
35.72
-13.76
Independent Labour
Edward Hills
269
2.61
Majority
2,669
25.94
+25.65
Turnout
10,288
74.98
1931 election [ ]
1931 general election : Lyttelton[26] [42]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Labour
James McCombs
5,404
49.77
Reform
Frederick Willie Freeman
5,372
49.47
Independent
William Ling Page
83
0.76
Majority
32
0.29
Informal votes
71
0.65
Turnout
10,930
86.57
Registered electors
12,625
1928 election [ ]
1928 general election : Lyttelton[43]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Labour
James McCombs
5,022
46.53
-3.52
Reform
John Beanland
3,036
28.13
United
William Thomas Lester
2,734
25.33
Majority
1,986
18.40
18.29
Informal votes
88
0.81
-0.26
Turnout
10,880
90.27
-0.85
Registered electors
12,053
1925 election [ ]
1925 general election : Lyttelton[44]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Labour
James McCombs [nb 1]
4,900
50.06
-3.39
Reform
Melville Lyons
4,889
49.94
Majority
11
0.11
-6.78
Informal votes
106
1.07
-0.19
Turnout
9,895
91.12
0.73
Registered electors
10,859
1922 election [ ]
1922 general election : Lyttelton[45]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Labour
James McCombs
4,758
53.45
12.27
Reform
Robert Macartney
4,144
46.55
13.30
Majority
614
6.90
-1.03
Informal votes
114
1.26
-0.71
Turnout
9,016
90.40
6.99
Registered electors
9,974
1919 election [ ]
1919 general election : Lyttelton[46]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Labour
James McCombs
2,999
41.18
-20.31
Reform
Robert Macartney
2,422
33.26
Liberal
William Thomas Lester
1,277
17.53
Liberal
Harry Ell
585
8.03
Majority
577
7.92
-15.06
Informal votes
147
1.98
0.49
Turnout
7,430
83.41
-0.44
Registered electors
8,908
1914 election [ ]
1914 general election : Lyttelton[47]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Social Democrat
James McCombs
4,276
61.49
9.24
Reform
Malcolm Miller
2,678
38.51
-9.24
Majority
1,598
22.98
18.48
Informal votes
105
1.49
Turnout
7,059
83.85
Registered electors
8,419
1913 by-election [ ]
1913 Lyttelton by-election : First ballot
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Social Democrat
James McCombs
2,075
42.20
Reform
Malcolm Miller
1,560
31.73
Liberal
James Laurenson
922
18.75
Independent Liberal
Henry Thacker
263
5.35
Independent
William Radcliffe
97
1.97
Turnout
4,917
1911 election [ ]
1911 general election : Lyttelton, first ballot [48]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Liberal
George Laurenson
4,160
66.66
9.76
Independent Liberal
Colin Cook
2,081
33.34
Majority
2,079
33.31
19.51
Informal votes
79
1.25
0.47
Turnout
6,320
83.85
0.27
Registered electors
7,537
1908 election [ ]
1905 election [ ]
1905 general election : Lyttelton[50] [51]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Liberal
George Laurenson
2,515
47.69
-30.09
Liberal
William Radcliffe
1,393
26.41
Conservative
Charles Lord Russell
967
18.34
Conservative
Samuel R. Webb
399
7.57
Majority
1,122
21.27
-34.28
Informal votes
121
2.24
Turnout
5,395
86.50
6.15
Registered electors
6,237
1902 election [ ]
1902 general election : Lyttelton[52]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Liberal
George Laurenson
3,041
77.77
2.50
Liberal
William Rollitt
869
22.23
Majority
2,172
55.55
5.01
Turnout
3,910
80.35
6.26
Registered electors
4,866
1899 election [ ]
1899 general election : Lyttelton[53]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Liberal
George Laurenson
2,700
75.27
Conservative
William Jacques
887
24.73
Majority
1,813
50.54
Informal votes
Registered electors
4,841
Turnout
3,587
74.10
1896 election [ ]
1893 election [ ]
1893 general election : Lyttelton[56] [57]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Liberal
John Joyce
1,895
67.95
Liberal
Edwin Blake
854
30.62
Independent
John Moncrieff Douglass
40
1.43
Majority
1,041
37.33
Informal votes
Turnout
2,789
77.71
Registered electors
3,589
1887 election [ ]
1887 general election : Lyttelton[58]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Independent
John Joyce
613
59.75
Independent
Harry Allwright
413
40.25
-7.49
Majority
200
19.49
13.67
Turnout
1,026
74.08
-11.05
Registered electors
1,385
1884 election [ ]
1884 general election : Lyttelton[59]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Independent
Harry Allwright
328
47.74
13.35
Independent
Samuel R. Webb
288
41.92
9.25
Independent
E. M. Clissold
71
10.33
Majority
40
5.82
4.36
Turnout
687
85.13
5.87
Registered electors
807
1881 election [ ]
1881 general election : Lyttelton[60]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Independent
Harry Allwright
259
34.40
-17.78
Independent
Edward Richardson
248
32.93
Independent
Samuel R. Webb
246
32.67
Majority
11
1.46
-2.89
Turnout
753
79.26
-1.47
Registered electors
950
1879 election [ ]
1879 general election : Lyttelton[61]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Independent
Harry Allwright
192
52.17
Independent
Hugh Murray-Aynsley
176
47.83
-8.68
Majority
16
4.35
-8.66
Informal votes
5
1.34
Turnout
373
80.74
4.34
Registered electors
462
1875 election [ ]
1875 general election : Lyttelton[21]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Independent
Hugh Murray-Aynsley
139
56.50
7.98
Independent
Henry Richard Webb
107
43.50
-7.98
Majority
32
13.01
10.06
Turnout
246
76.40
Registered electors
322
1873 by-election [ ]
1873 Lyttelton by-election [63]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Independent
Henry Richard Webb
122
51.48
Independent
Hugh Murray-Aynsley
115
48.52
Turnout
237
Majority
7
2.95
1866 election [ ]
1866 general election : Town of Lyttelton[10]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Independent
Edward Hargreaves
107
60.80
Independent
Henry Sewell
69
39.20
Majority
38
21.59
Turnout
176
48.09
Registered electors
366
1853 election [ ]
1853 general election : Town of Lyttelton[4]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Independent
James FitzGerald
55
55.0%
Independent
45
45.0%
Majority
10
10.0%
Turnout
100
80.0%
Registered electors
125
[ ]
^ Melville Lyons was elected for the Reform Party , originally the votes were equal (4900), then a recount found for Lyons. But on appeal his election was declared void on 13 March 1926, and the previous holder, James McCombs , was restored as the electorate representative.
Notes [ ]
^ "Akaroa-cum-Lyttelton" . The Star (7029). 6 December 1890. Retrieved 19 April 2010 .
^ "Public Notice" . Lyttelton Times . III (134). 30 July 1853. p. 1. Retrieved 18 September 2013 .
^ Jump up to: a b "Lyttelton Election" . Lyttelton Times . III (137). 20 August 1853. p. 6. Retrieved 15 June 2015 .
^ "The Lyttelton Times" . Lyttelton Times . V (328). 2 December 1855. p. 6. Retrieved 21 November 2019 .
^ McIntyre, W. David . "FitzGerald, James Edward" . Dictionary of New Zealand Biography . Ministry for Culture and Heritage . Retrieved 1 May 2010 .
^ Rice, Geoffrey W. "Ward, Crosbie" . Dictionary of New Zealand Biography . Ministry for Culture and Heritage . Retrieved 1 May 2010 .
^ "Canterbury" . Wellington Independent . XVI (1495). 8 February 1861. p. 5. Retrieved 1 May 2010 .
^ "Local Intelligence" . Lyttelton Times . XV (857). 26 January 1861. p. 4. Retrieved 21 November 2019 .
^ Jump up to: a b "Lyttelton election" . The Press . IX (1036). 5 March 1866. p. 2. Retrieved 13 November 2019 .
^ "Lyttelton Election" . Press . XII (1450). 2 July 1867. p. 2. Retrieved 21 November 2019 .
^ "Election of a Member for Lyttelton" . The Star (148). 2 November 1868. p. 2. Retrieved 14 April 2010 .
^ "Lyttelton election" . The Star (823). 16 January 1871. p. 3. Retrieved 21 November 2019 .
^ "The Evening Post. Thursday, April 3, 1873" . The Evening Post . IX (44). 3 April 1873. p. 2. Retrieved 15 April 2010 .
^ "Local and General" . The Star (1600). 7 April 1873. p. 2. Retrieved 15 April 2010 .
^ "Local and General" . The Star (1599). 5 April 1873. p. 2. Retrieved 15 April 2010 .
^ "Lyttelton Election" . The Star (1634). 20 May 1873. p. 3. Retrieved 15 April 2010 .
^ "Lyttelton Polling" . The Star (2424). Lyttelton. 29 December 1875. p. 2. Retrieved 18 April 2010 .
^ Jump up to: a b "Lyttelton polling" . The Press . XXIV (3222). 29 December 1875. p. 2. Retrieved 21 November 2019 .
^ "The General Elections" . The Star (3558). 5 September 1879. p. 2. Retrieved 13 March 2010 .
^ Jump up to: a b Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. p. 213. OCLC 154283103 .
^ "Lyttelton Recount" . The Evening Post . CX (135). 4 December 1925. p. 9. Retrieved 9 November 2011 .
^ Jump up to: a b The General Election, 1931 . Government Printer. 1932. p. 3. Retrieved 2 November 2014 .
^ "General Election, 1931" . Akaroa Mail and Banks Peninsula Advertiser . LV (5635). 27 November 1931. p. 2. Retrieved 22 November 2014 .
^ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1993. p. 56.
^ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1990. p. 58.
^ "The General Election, 1949" . National Library . 1950. pp. 1–5, 8. Retrieved 3 January 2014 .
^ "The General Election, 1946" . National Library . 1947. pp. 1–11, 14. Retrieved 1 January 2014 .
^ "Public Notices" . The Press . LXXIX (24077). 13 October 1943. p. 1. Retrieved 15 May 2017 .
^ "The General Election, 1938" . National Library. 1939. p. 3. Retrieved 23 November 2019 .
^ "Maori Seats" . The Evening Post . CXX (135). 4 December 1935. p. 12. Retrieved 23 November 2019 .
^ "Labour Wins" . The Evening Post . CXX (22). 25 July 1935. p. 10. Retrieved 13 November 2011 .
^ "Issue of Writ" . The Evening Post . CXIX (149). 26 June 1935. p. 10. Retrieved 13 November 2011 .
^ "Lyttelton Seat" . The Evening Post . CXVI (70). 20 September 1933. p. 10. Retrieved 29 January 2011 .
^ "Notice of Nominations Received and Polling Places Appointed" . Akaroa Mail and Banks Peninsula Advertiser . LV (5634). 24 November 1931. p. 2. Retrieved 22 November 2014 .
^ Skinner, W. A. G. (1929). The General Election, 1928 . Government Printer. p. 3. Retrieved 23 November 2019 .
^ Skinner, W. A. G. (1926). The General Election, 1925 . Government Printer. p. 3. Retrieved 23 November 2019 .
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^ Mansfield, F. W. (1912). The General Election, 1911 . National Library . p. 4. Retrieved 22 November 2019 .
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References [ ]
McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand . Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8 .
Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946–1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science . Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8 .
Scholefield, Guy (1950) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 (3rd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer.
Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103 .
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