Mẫu Thượng Thiên

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Mẫu Thượng Thiên (上天) is one of the four heavenly mothers in the Four Palaces in Vietnamese folk religion.[1] She is one of the spirits invoked in the form of lên đồng mediumship particularly associated with Đạo Mẫu worship.

References[]

  1. ^ Hy V. Luong Tradition, Revolution, and Market Economy in a North Vietnamese Village 2010 Page 307 "In Sơn Dương, many of the non-Buddhist deities — mẫu thượng thiên (goddess of the upper sky), mẫu thượng ngàn (goddess of the highlands), mẫu Thoải (goddess of water), (black tigers), etc.—were worshipped in the house for ..."
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