MMS-class minesweeper
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105 ft motor minesweeper
| |
Class overview | |
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Operators | |
Subclasses | Llewellyn class |
Built | 1940–1945 |
General characteristics | |
Type | Minesweeper |
Displacement | 240–250 long tons (244–254 t) |
Length | |
Beam | 23 ft (7.0 m) |
Draught | 9 ft 6 in (2.90 m) |
Propulsion | Diesel engine, 375–425 bhp (280–317 kW) |
Speed | 12 knots (14 mph; 22 km/h) |
Complement | 20 |
Armament |
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The British Royal Navy operated large numbers of small Motor Minesweepers (MMS) during the Second World War, in two major classes, the first with 105 ft (32 m) hulls (of which 294 were built) and the second with 126 ft (38 m) hulls (of which 102 were built). Intended to counter magnetic influence mines in coastal waters, they had wooden hulls.
105 ft MMS[]
In the early months of the Second World War, Germany made extensive use of magnetic mines, which led to a requirement for a wooden minesweeper, less vulnerable than steel trawlers.[1] The resultant design, the 105 ft-class[2] (also known as the MMS 1 series[3] and later the Type 1501 series[4]) was built between 1940 and 1944.[2]
They were 105 ft (32.0 m) long between perpendiculars,[2] with an overall length of 119 ft 4 in (36.37 m), a beam of 23 ft 5 in (7.14 m) and a draught of 8 ft 9 in (2.67 m).[5] Displacement was 240–255 long tons (244–259 t).[3][4] They were powered by a 500 bhp (370 kW) diesel engine, giving a speed of 11 kn (13 mph; 20 km/h).[2][6] Their major minesweeping equipment was the LL sweep,[1] where two minesweepers operating side-by-side each trailed two buoyant cables with electrodes at the end of the cables. Pulsing a high current through the cables generated a magnetic field sufficient to set off mines over an area of about 1 acre (0.40 ha).[7] They were later fitted with an SA sweep to deal with acoustic mines, which consisted of a hammer box mounted on an A-frame on the ship's bow, which could be lowered into the water when required.[1] The ships did not have enough towing power to use conventional contact sweeps for dealing with moored contact mines.[1] Defensive armament consisted of two 0.5 inch machine guns and/or one or two Oerlikon 20mm cannons. The ships had a complement of 20 men.[5]
The coastal minesweepers had pennant numbers MMS1 to MMS312 and MMS1001 to MMS1090. They were nicknamed "Mickey Mouse".
Although the motor minesweepers lacked the power to tow sweeps for contact mines they were suitable for handling equipment for combating magnetic mines and some later models were fitted with an acoustic hammer on a retractable "A" frame over the bow for countering acoustic mines.
The motor minesweepers had limited use post-war so they were quickly disposed of. Three were transferred by Lend-Lease to the Soviet Navy.
References[]
- ^ a b c d Brown 2000, p. 141
- ^ a b c d Worth 1984, p. 56
- ^ a b Preston 1989, p. 76
- ^ a b Blackman 1953, p. 67
- ^ a b Gardiner & Chesneau 1980, p. 72
- ^ Lenton & Colledge 1973, p. 583
- ^ Cowie 1949, pp. 128–129
Bibliography[]
- Blackman, Raymond V. B., ed. (1953). Jane's Fighting Ships 1953–54. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company Inc.
- Brown, David K. (2000). Nelson to Vanguard: Warship Design and Development 1923–1945. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-149-6.
- Cowie, J. S. (1949). Mines, Minelayers and Minelaying. London: Oxford University Press.
- Gardiner, Robert; Chesneau, Roger, eds. (1980). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-146-7.
- Preston, Antony (1989). Jane's Fighting Ships of World War II. London: Studio Publishing. ISBN 1-85170-194-X.
- Lenton, H. T.; Colledge, J. J. (1973). Warships of World War II (2nd ed.). London: Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-0403-X.
- Melvin, Michael J. (1992). Minesweeper, The Role of the Motor Minesweepers in World War II. Worcester, UK: Square One Publishing. ISBN 1-872017-57-6.
- Worth, Jack (1984). British Warships Since 1945: Part 4: Minesweepers. Liskeard, UK: Maritime Books. ISBN 0-907771-12-2.
External links[]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to MMS class minesweepers. |
- Mine warfare vessel classes
- Minesweepers of the Royal Navy
- Ship classes of the Royal Navy
- World War II minesweepers of the United Kingdom