Maksymilian Horwitz

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Maksymilian Horwitz
Maksymilan Horwitz 1937. Official photo made by NKVD in prison
Born	(1877-09-06)6 September 1877 Warsaw, Congress Poland, Russian Empire
Died	20 September 1937(1937-09-20) (aged 60) Moscow, USSR
Nationality	Jewish
Education	PhD, University of Ghent (1898)
Political party	Polish Socialist Party – Left (1906–1918) Communist Party of Poland (1918–1937)

Maksymilian Horwitz (pseudonym: Henryk Walecki; 1877-1937) was a leader and theoretician of the Polish communist movement.^[1]

Biography[]

Maksymilian Horwitz was born to a Jewish family in Warsaw, the son of Gustaw Horwitz and Julia Kleinmann.

He was a member of the Polish Socialist Party – Left (PPS-Lewica) from 1906 and the Communist Party of Poland (KPP) from 1918 and sat on its Central Committee (1918–20, 1923–24) and politburo (1923–24). Starting from 1921 he was a senior officer of the Communist International, working in Spain, Belgium and Greece. During the Great Purge, he was arrested by the NKVD on 21 June 1937 and executed on 20 September 1937.^[2] He was rehabilitated after the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

Hortwitz's niece, Hanna Mortkowicz-Olczakowa and her daughter, Joanna Olczak-Ronikier are writers.

References[]

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