Malia Pendant

Malia Pendant
Malia Pendant
Χρυσό κόσμημα των Μαλίων
Material	gold
Height	4.6 centimetres (1.8 in)
Width	4.9 centimetres (1.9 in)
Created	c. 1800-1700 BC
Discovered	1930; Chrysolakkos, Malia, Crete, Greece
Present location	Heraklion Archaeological Museum, Heraklion
Culture	Minoan civilisation

The Malia Pendant is a gold pendant found in a tomb in 1930 at Chrysolakkos, Malia, Crete.^[1] It dates to the Minoan civilization, 1800-1650 BC. The pendant was excavated by the French and first described by Pierre Demargne.^[2]^[3]

The jewel takes the form of two insects, which are identical (mirror images) joined head-to-head with the tips of their abdomens almost touching in a symmetrical or heraldic arrangement. The insects’ wings spread backwards. From the lower edges of the wings and a point close to the tip of the abdomen dangle three discs. With their legs, the insects are "grasping" a centrally placed circular disc and there is a second, smaller, smooth globule placed above this and between the insects' heads as if they were eating it.^[2]^[3] The Malia Pendant is on display at the Heraklion Archaeological Museum, on the island of Crete in Greece. It is probably the single most famous piece of Minoan jewellery.

Identity of the Insects[]

The insects resemble wasps or bees. The belief that the pendant displays bees has made the pendant known as the “bee pendant”. One paper states that the insects are not bees, but definitely from the wider grouping of Hymenoptera.^[3]^[4] It has been proposed that the mammoth wasp Megascolia maculate was used by the goldsmith for the model.^[3] For the three suspending discs, a plant is proposed as the model, and in particular the fruits of Tordylium apulum.^[3] Archaeologists point out that Minoan art often distorts body forms for artistic effect, and are happy that bees are portrayed, as honey was important in Minoan culture.

References[]

^ Watrous, L. Vance (2021-03-18). Minoan Crete: An Introduction. Cambridge University Press. p. 182. ISBN 978-1-108-42450-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
^ ^a ^b Demargne, Pierre (1930). "Bijoux minoens de Mallia". Bulletin de correspondance hellénique. 54 (1): 404–421. doi:10.3406/bch.1930.2891. ISSN 0007-4217.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Nelson, E Charles; Mavrofridis, Georgios; Anagnostopoulos, Ioannis Th (2020-09-30). "Natural History of a Bronze Age Jewel Found in Crete: The Malia Pendant". The Antiquaries Journal. 101: 67–78. doi:10.1017/S0003581520000475. ISSN 0003-5815. S2CID 224985281.
^ LaFleur, Richard A.; Matthews, Robert W.; McCorkle, David B. (1979). "A Re-Examination of the Mallia Insect Pendant". American Journal of Archaeology. 83 (2): 208–212. doi:10.2307/504904. ISSN 0002-9114. JSTOR 504904. S2CID 192988950.

[1] Watrous, L. Vance (2021-03-18). Minoan Crete: An Introduction. Cambridge University Press. p. 182. ISBN 978-1-108-42450-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)

[:1-2] Demargne, Pierre (1930). "Bijoux minoens de Mallia". Bulletin de correspondance hellénique. 54 (1): 404–421. doi:10.3406/bch.1930.2891. ISSN 0007-4217.

[:0-3] Nelson, E Charles; Mavrofridis, Georgios; Anagnostopoulos, Ioannis Th (2020-09-30). "Natural History of a Bronze Age Jewel Found in Crete: The Malia Pendant". The Antiquaries Journal. 101: 67–78. doi:10.1017/S0003581520000475. ISSN 0003-5815. S2CID 224985281.

[4] LaFleur, Richard A.; Matthews, Robert W.; McCorkle, David B. (1979). "A Re-Examination of the Mallia Insect Pendant". American Journal of Archaeology. 83 (2): 208–212. doi:10.2307/504904. ISSN 0002-9114. JSTOR 504904. S2CID 192988950.

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