Marrubium
Horehound | |
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Foliage of Marrubium rotundifolia | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Lamiales |
Family: | Lamiaceae |
Subfamily: | Lamioideae |
Genus: | Marrubium L. |
Synonyms[1] | |
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Marrubium (horehound or hoarhound) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae, native to temperate regions of Europe, North Africa, and Asia as far east as the Xinjiang region of western China. A few species are also naturalized in North and South America.[1][2][3][4]
- Species[1]
- Pomel – Algeria, Morocco
- L. – Mediterranean from Spain + Morocco to Palestine
- K.Koch – Greece, Albania, Crimea, southwest Asia from Turkey to Kashmir
- Magnus – Tunisia
- Jacq. – Caucasus, Iran, Iraq, Turkey
- Batt. – Morocco
- Maire – Morocco
- Coincy – Spain (M. supinum × M. vulgare)
- Boiss. – Turkey
- Desr. – Caucasus, Turkey
- Boiss. & Noë – Turkey
- Nábelek – Iran, Iraq, Turkey
- Boiss. – Iran, Iraq
- Banks & Sol. – Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine
- Boiss. & Heldr. – Greece
- Boiss. & Balansa – Turkey
- Murata – Iran, Afghanistan
- Ball – Morocco
- Seybold – Iraq
- Maire – Rif in northern Morocco
- Boiss. – Bulgaria
- Freyn & Conrath – Caucasus
- Montbret & Aucher ex Benth. – Turkey, Syria, Lebanon
- Emb. & Maire – Rif in northern Morocco
- (Benth.) Boiss. & Balansa – Turkey
- Mouterde – Syria
- Emb. & Maire – Morocco (M. ayardii × M. multibracteatum)
- Desr. – Italy (including Sicily + Sardinia), Greece, Albania, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria
- Desr. – Caucasus, Crimea
- Marmey – Morocco
- Boiss. & Heldr. – Turkey
- Humbert & Maire – Morocco
- Desr. – Austria, Czech Republic, Yugoslavia (M. peregrinum × M. vulgare)
- Fisch. & C.A.Mey. – Turkey, Iran, Caucasus
- Marrubium peregrinum L. – central + Eastern Europe, Turkey, Caucasus
- C.A.Mey – Turkey, Iran, Caucasus
- Marrubium pestalozzae Boiss. – Greece, Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, Ukraine, Crimea
- C.A.Mey. – Caucasus
- Bunge – Iran
- Fisch. & C.A.Mey. – Iran, Caucasus
- Boiss. – Turkey
- Aytaç, Akgül & Ekici – Turkey
- L. – Spain, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia
- Boiss. & Heldr. – Albania, Greece
- Boiss. – Turkey
- Hub.-Mor. – Turkey
- Sm. – Greece
- Hub.-Mor. – Turkey
- Marrubium vulgare L. – White horehound or common horehound – widespread from Denmark + Azores + Canary Islands east to Xingiang; naturalized in New Zealand, New Caledonia, Hawaii, Easter Island, North + South America
The genus name Marrubium derives from the Latin word marrubii, meaning horehound. The French Talmudic exegete, Rashi, thinks that this herb may have been used as one of the bitter herbs on the night of Passover.[5] The common English name horehound is of unknown origin, but with the first part 'hore' derived from "hoary", "hairy".
The species formerly classified as Marrubium nigrum (Black Horehound) is now placed in the genus Ballota.
Marrubium species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Coleophora lineolea.
References[]
- ^ a b c Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ^ Flora of ChinaVol. 17 Page 104 欧夏至草属 ou xia zhi cao shu Marrubium Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 582. 1753.
- ^ Altervista Flora Italiana, genere Marrubium includes distribution maps for Europe and North America
- ^ Biota of North America Program, 2013 county distribution map
- ^ Sefer Targum Ha-La'az (ed. Yisroel Gukovitzky), London 1992, p. 68 (entry no. 1000e)
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Marrubium. |
- Marrubium
- Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
- Lamiaceae genera