Mathematical operators and symbols in Unicode
The Unicode Standard encodes almost all standard characters used in mathematics.[1] Unicode Technical Report #25 provides comprehensive information about the character repertoire, their properties, and guidelines for implementation.[1] Mathematical operators and symbols are in multiple Unicode blocks. Some of these blocks are dedicated to, or primarily contain, mathematical characters while others are a mix of mathematical and non-mathematical characters. This article covers all Unicode characters with a derived property of "Math".[2][3]
Dedicated blocks[]
Mathematical Operators block[]
The Mathematical Operators block (U+2200–U+22FF) contains characters for mathematical, logical, and set notation.
Mathematical Operators[1] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) | ||||||||||||||||
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
U+220x | ∀ | ∁ | ∂ | ∃ | ∄ | ∅ | ∆ | ∇ | ∈ | ∉ | ∊ | ∋ | ∌ | ∍ | ∎ | ∏ |
U+221x | ∐ | ∑ | − | ∓ | ∔ | ∕ | ∖ | ∗ | ∘ | ∙ | √ | ∛ | ∜ | ∝ | ∞ | ∟ |
U+222x | ∠ | ∡ | ∢ | ∣ | ∤ | ∥ | ∦ | ∧ | ∨ | ∩ | ∪ | ∫ | ∬ | ∭ | ∮ | ∯ |
U+223x | ∰ | ∱ | ∲ | ∳ | ∴ | ∵ | ∶ | ∷ | ∸ | ∹ | ∺ | ∻ | ∼ | ∽ | ∾ | ∿ |
U+224x | ≀ | ≁ | ≂ | ≃ | ≄ | ≅ | ≆ | ≇ | ≈ | ≉ | ≊ | ≋ | ≌ | ≍ | ≎ | ≏ |
U+225x | ≐ | ≑ | ≒ | ≓ | ≔ | ≕ | ≖ | ≗ | ≘ | ≙ | ≚ | ≛ | ≜ | ≝ | ≞ | ≟ |
U+226x | ≠ | ≡ | ≢ | ≣ | ≤ | ≥ | ≦ | ≧ | ≨ | ≩ | ≪ | ≫ | ≬ | ≭ | ≮ | ≯ |
U+227x | ≰ | ≱ | ≲ | ≳ | ≴ | ≵ | ≶ | ≷ | ≸ | ≹ | ≺ | ≻ | ≼ | ≽ | ≾ | ≿ |
U+228x | ⊀ | ⊁ | ⊂ | ⊃ | ⊄ | ⊅ | ⊆ | ⊇ | ⊈ | ⊉ | ⊊ | ⊋ | ⊌ | ⊍ | ⊎ | ⊏ |
U+229x | ⊐ | ⊑ | ⊒ | ⊓ | ⊔ | ⊕ | ⊖ | ⊗ | ⊘ | ⊙ | ⊚ | ⊛ | ⊜ | ⊝ | ⊞ | ⊟ |
U+22Ax | ⊠ | ⊡ | ⊢ | ⊣ | ⊤ | ⊥ | ⊦ | ⊧ | ⊨ | ⊩ | ⊪ | ⊫ | ⊬ | ⊭ | ��� | ⊯ |
U+22Bx | ⊰ | ⊱ | ⊲ | ⊳ | ⊴ | ⊵ | ⊶ | ⊷ | ⊸ | ⊹ | ⊺ | ⊻ | ⊼ | ⊽ | ⊾ | ⊿ |
U+22Cx | ⋀ | ⋁ | ⋂ | ⋃ | ⋄ | ⋅ | ⋆ | ⋇ | ⋈ | ⋉ | ⋊ | ⋋ | ⋌ | ⋍ | ⋎ | ⋏ |
U+22Dx | ⋐ | ⋑ | ⋒ | ⋓ | ⋔ | ⋕ | ⋖ | ⋗ | ⋘ | ⋙ | ⋚ | ⋛ | ⋜ | ⋝ | ⋞ | ⋟ |
U+22Ex | ⋠ | ⋡ | ⋢ | ⋣ | ⋤ | ⋥ | ⋦ | ⋧ | ⋨ | ⋩ | ⋪ | ⋫ | ⋬ | ⋭ | ⋮ | ⋯ |
U+22Fx | ⋰ | ⋱ | ⋲ | ⋳ | ⋴ | ⋵ | ⋶ | ⋷ | ⋸ | ⋹ | ⋺ | ⋻ | ⋼ | ⋽ | ⋾ | ⋿ |
Notes
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Supplemental Mathematical Operators block[]
The Supplemental Mathematical Operators block (U+2A00–U+2AFF) contains various mathematical symbols, including N-ary operators, summations and integrals, intersections and unions, logical and relational operators, and subset/superset relations.
Supplemental Mathematical Operators[1] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) | ||||||||||||||||
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
U+2A0x | ⨀ | ⨁ | ⨂ | ⨃ | ⨄ | ⨅ | ⨆ | ⨇ | ⨈ | ⨉ | ⨊ | ⨋ | ⨌ | ⨍ | ⨎ | ⨏ |
U+2A1x | ⨐ | ⨑ | ⨒ | ⨓ | ⨔ | ⨕ | ⨖ | ⨗ | ⨘ | ⨙ | ⨚ | ⨛ | ⨜ | ⨝ | ⨞ | ⨟ |
U+2A2x | ⨠ | ⨡ | ⨢ | ⨣ | ⨤ | ⨥ | ⨦ | ⨧ | ⨨ | ⨩ | ⨪ | ⨫ | ⨬ | ⨭ | ⨮ | ⨯ |
U+2A3x | ⨰ | ⨱ | ⨲ | ⨳ | ⨴ | ⨵ | ⨶ | ⨷ | ⨸ | ⨹ | ⨺ | ⨻ | ⨼ | ⨽ | ⨾ | ⨿ |
U+2A4x | ⩀ | ⩁ | ⩂ | ⩃ | ⩄ | ⩅ | ⩆ | ⩇ | ⩈ | ⩉ | ⩊ | ⩋ | ⩌ | ⩍ | ⩎ | ⩏ |
U+2A5x | ⩐ | ⩑ | ⩒ | ⩓ | ⩔ | ⩕ | ⩖ | ⩗ | ⩘ | ⩙ | ⩚ | ⩛ | ⩜ | ⩝ | ⩞ | ⩟ |
U+2A6x | ⩠ | ⩡ | ⩢ | ⩣ | ⩤ | ⩥ | ⩦ | ⩧ | ⩨ | ⩩ | ⩪ | ⩫ | ⩬ | ⩭ | ⩮ | ⩯ |
U+2A7x | ⩰ | ⩱ | ⩲ | ⩳ | ⩴ | ⩵ | ⩶ | ⩷ | ⩸ | ⩹ | ⩺ | ⩻ | ⩼ | ⩽ | ⩾ | ⩿ |
U+2A8x | ⪀ | ⪁ | ⪂ | ⪃ | ⪄ | ⪅ | ⪆ | ⪇ | ⪈ | ⪉ | ⪊ | ⪋ | ⪌ | ⪍ | ⪎ | ⪏ |
U+2A9x | ⪐ | ⪑ | ⪒ | ⪓ | ⪔ | ⪕ | ⪖ | ⪗ | ⪘ | ⪙ | ⪚ | ⪛ | ⪜ | ⪝ | ⪞ | ⪟ |
U+2AAx | ⪠ | ⪡ | ⪢ | ⪣ | ⪤ | ⪥ | ⪦ | ⪧ | ⪨ | ⪩ | ⪪ | ⪫ | ⪬ | ⪭ | ⪮ | ⪯ |
U+2ABx | ⪰ | ⪱ | ⪲ | ⪳ | ⪴ | ⪵ | ⪶ | ⪷ | ⪸ | ⪹ | ⪺ | ⪻ | ⪼ | ⪽ | ⪾ | ⪿ |
U+2ACx | ⫀ | ⫁ | ⫂ | ⫃ | ⫄ | ⫅ | ⫆ | ⫇ | ⫈ | ⫉ | ⫊ | ⫋ | ⫌ | ⫍ | ⫎ | ⫏ |
U+2ADx | ⫐ | ⫑ | ⫒ | ⫓ | ⫔ | ⫕ | ⫖ | ⫗ | ⫘ | ⫙ | ⫚ | ⫛ | ⫝̸ | ⫝ | ⫞ | ⫟ |
U+2AEx | ⫠ | ⫡ | ⫢ | ⫣ | ⫤ | ⫥ | ⫦ | ⫧ | ⫨ | ⫩ | ⫪ | ⫫ | ⫬ | ⫭ | ⫮ | ⫯ |
U+2AFx | ⫰ | ⫱ | ⫲ | ⫳ | ⫴ | ⫵ | ⫶ | ⫷ | ⫸ | ⫹ | ⫺ | ⫻ | ⫼ | ⫽ | ⫾ | ⫿ |
Notes
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Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols block[]
The Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols block (U+1D400–U+1D7FF) contains Latin and Greek letters and decimal digits that enable mathematicians to denote different notions with different letter styles. The reserved code points (the "holes") in the alphabetic ranges up to U+1D551 duplicate characters in the Letter like Symbols block.[4]
Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols[1][2] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) | ||||||||||||||||
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
U+1D40x |