Methylnitronitrosoguanidine
Names | |
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Preferred IUPAC name
N-Methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine | |
Other names
1-Methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine
N-Methyl-N-nitroso-N′-nitroguanidine | |
Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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Abbreviations | MNNG |
ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.664 |
KEGG | |
PubChem CID
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UNII |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |
C2H5N5O3 | |
Molar mass | 147.09 g/mol |
Appearance | Yellow crystals |
Melting point | 118 °C (244 °F; 391 K) (decomposes) |
reacts violently, slowly hydrolysed | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
what is ?) | (|
Infobox references | |
Methylnitronitrosoguanidine (MNNG or MNG) is a biochemical tool used experimentally as a carcinogen and mutagen.[1] It acts by adding alkyl groups to the O6 of guanine and O4 of thymine, which can lead to transition mutations between GC and AT. These changes do not cause a heavy distortion in the double helix of DNA and thus are hard to detect by the DNA mismatch repair system.
One of the earliest uses of methylnitronitrosoguanidine was in 1985. A group of scientists tested whether or not the chemical composition of methylnitronitrosoguanidine would directly affect the growth of tumors and cancer cells in rats.[citation needed]
In the experiment, the cancer cells from a Japanese cancer patient was injected into 8 rats. The biochemical tool and showed a decline of cancer cells in a few of the rats' bodies.
In organic chemistry, MNNG is used as a source of diazomethane when reacted with aqueous potassium hydroxide.[2][dead link]
MNNG is a probable human carcinogen listed as an IARC Group 2A carcinogen.[3]
References[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b Merck Index, 11th Edition, 6017.
- ^ T. Howard Black (1983). "The Preparation and Reactions of Diazomethane" (PDF). Aldrichimica Acta. 16 (1).
- ^ N-METHYL-N'-NITRO-N-NITROSOGUANIDINE (MNNG), International Agency for Research on Cancer
- IARC Group 2A carcinogens
- Nitroguanidines
- Nitrosoguanidines