Mexico–Romania relations

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Mexico–Romania relations
Map indicating locations of Mexico and Romania

Mexico
Romania

Mexico–Romania relations refers to the diplomatic relations between Mexico and Romania. Both nations are mutual members of the United Nations and the World Trade Organization.

History[]

Former Romanian President Nicolae Ceaușescu receiving Mexican Foreign Minister Jorge Castañeda y Álvarez de la Rosa in Bucharest, 1979.

Knowledge of Mexico in Romania goes back to the early sixteenth century when a series of manuscripts on pre-Columbian priests and cultures circulated in Romania.[1] In the seventeenth century, maize (originally a crop from Mexico) was introduced to Romania and in subsequent centuries, Romania would become one of the largest producers of the crop.[1] During the Second French intervention in Mexico, several Romanian soldiers participated with the French army sent by Napoleon III to assist Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico.[1]

The first official contact between Mexico and Romania was in April 1880 when Prince Carol I of Romania sent a letter to Mexican President Porfirio Díaz informing him of Romania's independence from the Ottoman Empire by the Treaty of Berlin in 1878.[2] Diplomatic relations between Mexico and Romania were officially established on 20 July 1935 in Paris between foreign ministers of both nations.[3] In 1941, former Romanian King Carol II observed Mexico's Independence Day parade alongside Mexican President Manuel Ávila Camacho.[4] On 24 December 1941, diplomatic relations were severed by Mexico when Romania joined the Axis Powers during World War II.[3]

In March 1973 diplomatic relations were re-established between both nations. Soon afterward, embassies were opened in both nations capitals respectively.[3] In September 1989, Mexico closed its embassy in Bucharest for financial reasons; however, the embassy was re-opened in 1995.[5] In 1974, Romanian President Nicolae Ceaușescu became the first Romanian head of state to pay an official visit to Mexico.[6] Since the initial visit, there have been several high-level visits between both nations. In 2015, both nations celebrated the 80th anniversary since the establishment of diplomatic relations.[7]

High-level visits[]

Romanian Prime Minister Victor Ponta meeting with Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto in Mexico City; 2015

High-level visits from Mexico to Romania[8]

High-level visits from Romania to Mexico[6][9][10]

  • President Nicolae Ceaușescu (1974)
  • President Emil Constantinescu (2000)
  • President Ion Iliescu (2002)
  • Prime Minister Victor Ponta (2015)

Bilateral agreements[]

Both nations have signed several bilateral agreements such as an Agreement on Scientific and Technical Cooperation (1974); Agreement on Cinematographic and Touristic Cooperation (1974); Agreement on Economic, Industrial, Farming and Environmental Cooperation (1974); Agreement on the Peaceful use of Nuclear Energy (1974); Agreement on Mining and Energy Cooperation (1974); Agreement on Oil and Petrochemical Cooperation (1974); Agreement on Cultural, Youth and Sports Cooperation (1999) and an Agreement on the Avoidance of Double Taxation and Tax Evasion (2001).[6][11]

Trade[]

In 1997, Mexico and the European Union (which includes Romania who joined the union in 2007) signed a free trade agreement. In 2018, two-way trade between both nations amounted to US$632 million.[12] Mexico's main exports to Romania include: building materials, automobile parts, paper, beer and tequila. Romania's main exports to Mexico include: cylinders, circuits, automobile parts and fiber optic cables. Mexican multinational companies Cemex and Grupo Alfa operate in Romania.[13][14]

Embassy of Romania in Mexico City

Resident diplomatic missions[]

  • Mexico has an embassy in Bucharest.[15]
  • Romania has an embassy in Mexico City.[16]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ a b c Luis Valdés-Ugalde, José; Tigau, Camelia. "Beyond Politics: Cultural Connections Among Mexico, Romania and Poland" (PDF). Retrieved 4 September 2021.
  2. ^ "Relaciones optimas entre México y Rumania (Optimistic relationship between Mexico and Romania)". Universia México (in Spanish). 8 April 2010. Retrieved 4 September 2021.
  3. ^ a b c Rumanía – México, Amistad y Cooperación (Relations between Mexico and Romania) (in Spanish) at the Wayback Machine (archived 2 April 2015)
  4. ^ "Mexican Independence Day". British Pathé. Retrieved 4 September 2021.
  5. ^ "Historical diplomatic relations between Mexico and Romania" (PDF). Secretaria de Relaciones Exteriores (in Spanish). 3 February 2003. Retrieved 4 September 2021.
  6. ^ a b c Intercambio comercial: México-Rumania (in Spanish) at the Wayback Machine (archived 15 October 2018)
  7. ^ "Anniversary of 80 years of diplomatic relations between Mexico and Romania". Embajada de México en Rumania. Retrieved 4 September 2021.
  8. ^ "Relaţii politice (Political relations)". AMBASADA ROMÂNIEI în Statele Unite Mexicane (in Romanian). Retrieved 4 September 2021.
  9. ^ Arvizu Arrioja, Juan (21 July 2000). "Ganó México admiración, dice el presidente rumano (Mexico won admiration, says the Romanian president)". El Universal (in Spanish). Retrieved 4 September 2021.
  10. ^ "Vicente Fox Quesada held a working meeting with the president of Romania, Ion Iliescu". México - Presidencia de la República (in Spanish).[dead link]
  11. ^ "Relaciones México-Rumania (Mexico-Romania relations)" (PDF). Comisiones Unidas de Relaciones Exteriores y de Relaciones Exteriores, Europa (in Spanish). Retrieved 4 September 2021.
  12. ^ "Mexican Ministry of the Economy: Romania (in Spanish)". Archived from the original on 2016-04-25. Retrieved 2018-03-15.
  13. ^ "About Us". Readymix Romania. Retrieved 4 September 2021.
  14. ^ "Sigma compra por completo a Caroli, empresa rumana (Sigma fully buys Caroli, a Romanian company)". Manufactura (in Spanish). 1 September 2017. Retrieved 4 September 2021.
  15. ^ "Embassy of Mexico in Bucharest". Embajada de México en Rumania (in Spanish). Retrieved 4 September 2021.
  16. ^ "Embassy of Romania in Mexico City". AMBASADA ROMÂNIEI în Statele Unite Mexicane (in Romanian). Retrieved 4 September 2021.
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