Mir Jafar Baghirov
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Mir Jafar Baghirov Mircəfər Bağırov | |
---|---|
First Secretary of the Azerbaijan Communist Party | |
In office 15 December 1933 – 6 April 1953 | |
Preceded by | Ruben Rubenov |
Succeeded by | Mir Teymur Yaqubov |
Candidate member of the 19th Presidium | |
In office 6 March 1953 – 7 July 1953 | |
Personal details | |
Born | Quba, Baku Governorate, Russian Empire | 17 September 1896
Died | 7 May 1956 Siberia, Russian SSR, USSR | (aged 59)
Political party | Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1918 –1953) |
Children | Mirza Baghirov, Jahangir Baghirov, Jen Baghirov[1] |
Occupation | teacher |
Mir Jafar Abbas oglu Baghirov (Azerbaijani: Mircəfər Abbas oğlu Bağırov; 17 September 1896 – 7 May 1956) was the communist leader of the Azerbaijan SSR from 1932 to 1953, under the Soviet leadership of Joseph Stalin.[2]
Early life[]
Born in Quba of Baku Governorate in 1896, Baghirov studied pedagogy in Petrovsk. During 1915-1917, M J. Baghirov worked as a school teacher in a village in Khudat.[3] During 1918 - 1921, he participated in the October Revolution and Russian Civil War in ranks of a commander of regiment, military commissar of Azerbaijani division, advisor of the Caucasus corps of the Russian military command, and the head of revolutionary tribunal of Azerbaijani division. After the Soviet takeover of Azerbaijan, Baghirov was appointed the Chairman of the Revolutionary Committee of Karabakh region of Azerbaijan. It was reported that Baghirov worked also for the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic's police. In 1927 through 1929, he served as the director of Department for Water Distribution of Transcaucasia. From February 1921 to May 1927 and December 1929 to August 1930, Baghirov was the head of state security services.
First Secretary of Communist Party[]
In 1932, Baghirov became the People's Commissar of Azerbaijan SSR and from 1933 to 1953 he was the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Azerbaijan Communist Party. In 1953, the bureau of the Central Committee of the Azerbaijani Communist Party appointed Baghirov to head the Council of Ministers of the Azerbaijan SSR. After Stalin's death in March 1953, Baghirov was accused of conducting repression, arrested in 1954, and tried and sentenced to death by the Military Tribunal of the Soviet Union. In his final 17-minute speech before the court, he favored the sentence and refused to apply for any pardon. Baghirov was executed in 1956.[3][4]
Mir Jafar Baghirov is a controversial figure in Azerbaijani history. By 1940 an estimated 70,000 Azeris had died as a result of purges carried out under Baghirov.[5] The intelligentsia was decimated, broken, and eliminated as a social force and the old guard Communist elite was destroyed. However, Baghirov was also successful in resisting the Armenian demands to cede the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast of the Azerbaijan SSR to the Armenian SSR.[6]
He was credited for treating his junior son as an ordinary Soviet citizen. Baghirov sent his son, Vladimir (Jahangir) Baghirov, a military pilot, to the Soviet Army to fight against Nazi Germany. He was killed in battle in June 1943, after performing an aerial ramming.[7]
Honours and awards[]
- Order of the Red Banner (twice)
- Five Orders of Lenin
- Order of the Red Banner of Labor (twice)
- Order of the Red Banner of the Azerbaijan SSR
- Order of the Patriotic War
References[]
- ^ "В Индии скончался сын коммунистического вождя Азеpбайджана" [Son of the Azerbaijani leader died in India]. Novosti.ru. 2005-04-09. Retrieved 2010-05-04.
- ^ "Stalin's Personality Cult. Three Times I Changed My Mind". Azerbaijan International. September 1999. Retrieved 2010-05-04.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Directory of Biographies. Mir Jafar Baghirov". Archived from the original on 2011-07-06. Retrieved 2010-05-04.
- ^ "Republic of Azerbaijan. Ministry of National Security. Heads of special services of Azerbaijan. Mir Jafar Baghirov". Archived from the original on 2010-10-15. Retrieved 2010-05-04.
- ^ Swietochowski, Tadeusz; Collins, Brian C. (1999). Historical dictionary of Azerbaijan. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press, Inc. p. 31. ISBN 0-8108-3550-9. Retrieved May 3, 2010.
- ^ De Waal, Thomas (2003). Black garden: Armenia and Azerbaijan through peace and war. New York and London: New York University. p. 138. ISBN 0-8147-1944-9. Retrieved May 4, 2010.
- ^ "Фамилии летчиков, совершивших воздушные тараны" [Last names of pilots involved in ram attacks]. Retrieved 2010-05-04.
External links[]
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- 1896 births
- 1956 deaths
- 20th-century Azerbaijani educators
- People from Quba
- People from Baku Governorate
- Azerbaijani atheists
- Azerbaijani revolutionaries
- Bolsheviks
- First secretaries in national subdivisions of the Soviet Union
- Executed politicians
- Executed Soviet people from Azerbaijan
- Party leaders of the Soviet Union
- Executed Azerbaijani people
- Azerbaijani people executed by the Soviet Union
- People of the Russian Civil War
- People of the Russian Revolution
- Azerbaijani educators
- Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union candidate members
- Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union members
- Azerbaijan Communist Party (1920) politicians
- Recipients of the Order of Lenin
- Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner
- Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
- First convocation members of the Soviet of the Union
- Second convocation members of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union
- Third convocation members of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union
- Heads of the government of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic
- Deaths by firearm in Azerbaijan