Moša Pijade

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Moša Pijade
5th President of the Federal Assembly of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
In office 29 January 1954 – 15 March 1957
Preceded by	Milovan Đilas
Succeeded by	Petar Stambolić
Personal details
Born	(1890-01-04)4 January 1890 Belgrade, Kingdom of Serbia
Died	15 March 1957(1957-03-15) (aged 67) Paris, France
Nationality	Yugoslav
Political party	League of Communists of Yugoslavia (SKJ)
Spouse(s)	Lepa Pijade
Occupation	Painter, Art critic, Publicist, Revolutionary, Resistance commander, Statesman
Awards	Order of the People's Hero Order of the Hero of Socialist Labour
Military service
Allegiance	Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Branch/service	Yugoslav People's Army
Rank	Major General of Yugoslav People's Army
Commands	Yugoslav Partisans Yugoslav People's Army
Battles/wars	World War II

Moša Pijade (Serbian Cyrillic: Мoшa Пијаде, alternate English transliteration Moshe Piade; 4 January 1890 – 15 March 1957), nicknamed Čiča Janko (Чича Јанко, lit. "Old Man Janko") was a Serbian and Yugoslav communist, a close collaborator of Josip Broz Tito, Yugoslav politician, and full member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts.

Life and career[]

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Pijade was of Sephardic Jewish parentage. In his youth, Pijade was a painter, art critic and publicist. He was also known for translating Das Kapital by Karl Marx into Serbo-Croatian.

He is thought to have had a major influence on Marxist ideology as exposed during the old regime in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.^{[citation needed]} In 1925, he was sentenced to 20 years in prison because of his 'revolutionary activities' after World War I. He was discharged after 14 years in 1939 and imprisoned again in 1941 in the camp Bileća.^{[citation needed]}

World War II[]

Tito and Moša Pijade in 1942

Pijade was one of the leaders of the Uprising in Montenegro.^[1] His ruthless cruelty toward the people who refused to join his units was noted. He was subsequently recalled to the communist headquarters because of the issues connected to the uprising.^[2] Under the influence of Pijade and Milovan Đilas an extreme prosecution of "leftist errors" was pursued by the Partisans in Montenegro.^[3]

In March 1942, Pijade met British envoy in occupied Yugoslavia Terence Atherton and took him on a tour of inspection of the organization of the communist forces in Žabljak.^[4]

Pijade was known as the creator of the so-called 'Foča regulations' (1942), which prescribed the foundation and activity of people's liberation committees in the liberated territories during the war against the Nazis. In November 1943, before the second AVNOJ meeting in Jajce, he initiated the foundation of Tanjug, which later became the state news agency of SFR Yugoslavia, nowadays of Serbia.^{[citation needed]}

Pijade held high political posts during and after World War II and was a member of the Central Committee and the Politburo of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia. He was one of the leaders of Tito's partisans and was subsequently proclaimed People's Hero of Yugoslavia. He was one of six Vice Presidents of the Presidium of the Yugoslavian Parliament (deputy head of state) 1945–53.^{[citation needed]}

In 1948 Pijade convinced Tito to allow those Jews who remained in Yugoslavia to emigrate to Israel. Tito agreed on a one-time exception basis. As a result, 3,000 Jews emigrated from Yugoslavia to Israel on the SS Kefalos in December 1948. Among those was Tommy Lapid, who became Deputy Prime Minister of Israel and was the father of Yair Lapid.^[5]

After having led the law commission of the Parliament, Pijade was Vice-President (1953–54) and President of the Yugoslavian Parliament or Skupština (1954–55). In 1957, he died in Paris during the return from a visit to London, where he had talks as leader of a Yugoslav parliamentary delegation. Streets in many cities of the former Yugoslav countries were once named after him.^{[citation needed]}

See also[]

• Titoism
• Collectivism
• Edvard Kardelj

Notes[]

References[]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Moša Pijade.

• Jaša Romano (1980). "Jews of Yugoslavia 1941 - 1945" (PDF). Federation of Jewish communities of Yugoslavia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-27. Retrieved 2007-08-16.
• "Šezdeset godina Tanjugove fotografije:Vili Šimunov Barba". Tanjug. Archived from the original on 2020-07-07. Retrieved 2009-03-18.
• Sephardic Jews and Communism
• Williams, Heather (2003). Parachutes, Patriots and Partisans: The Special Operations Executive and Yugoslavia, 1941-1945. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. ISBN 978-1-85065-592-3.