Monument to the X-ray and Radium Martyrs of All Nations
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| Coordinates | 53°33′33″N 10°01′11″E / 53.559082°N 10.019790°ECoordinates: 53°33′33″N 10°01′11″E / 53.559082°N 10.019790°E |
|---|---|
| Location | St George's Hospital, St Georg, Hamburg, Germany |
| Completion date | 4 April 1936 |
| Dedicated to | Early radiology workers |
The Monument to the X-ray and Radium Martyrs of All Nations (also known as the X-ray Martyrs' Memorial) is a memorial in Hamburg, Germany, commemorating those who died due to their work with the use of radiation, particularly X-rays, in medicine.[1][2][3][4] It was unveiled on the grounds of St Georg (St George's) Hospital (now the Asklepios Klinik St Georg), on 4 April 1936 by the Deutsche Röntgengesellschaft (the Röntgen Society of Germany).[5][6]
When unveiled, the memorial included 169 names,[3][5] from fifteen nations, listed alphabetically;[3][7] by 1959 there were 359,[3] with the additions listed on four separate stone plaques, beside the original columnar stone memorial.[6]
Inscription[]
The memorial's inscription may be translated as:[7][1]
To the Rontgenologists and radiologists of all nations,
To the doctors, physicists, chemists, technicians, laboratory assistants and nurses
who sacrificed their lives in the fight against disease.
They were valiant pioneers in the effective
and safe use of X-rays and radium in medicine.
Immortal is the glory of the work of the dead.
Book[]
An accompanying book, Ehrenbuch der Radiologen aller Nationen (Book of Honour of radiologists of all nations) gives biographies of those commemorated. Three editions have been produced, the most recent in 1992.[8]
Names[]
The names of those commemorated include:
- Heinrich Albers-Schönberg (1865–1921)
- (1865–1925)
- (1874–1933)
- (1871–1913)
- (1874–1953)
- (1874–1937)
- Jean Bergonié (1857–1925)
- (1885–1966)
- (-1925)[9][10]
- [11][9]
- (1883–1935)
- (?–1950)
- William Ironside Bruce (1879–1921)[11][12]
- (1870–1918)
- (1893–1944)
- (1854–1919)
- (1868–1931)
- (1894–1954)
- (1856–1937)
- [6]
- (?–1922)
- Maria Skłodowska-Curie (1867-1934)[5]
- (1886–1931)
- (1877–1932)
- Friedrich Dessauer (1881–1963)
- Étienne Destot (1864–1918)
- Walter Dodd (-1916)[7]
- (1889–1954)
- (1875–1929)
- (1885–1952)
- (1868–1922)
- [6]
- William Hope Fowler (1876–1933)[9]
- (1891–1955)
- Fritz Giesel (1852–1927)
- (1869–1938)
- (1873–ca. 1936)
- (1874–1952)
- John Hall-Edwards (1858–1926)
- (1894–1969)
- Joseph Gilbert Hamilton (1907–1957)
- (1874–1932)
- H. Harris[6]
- (1872–1931)
- Guido Holzknecht (1872–1931)
- (-after 1928)
- (1875–1951)
- (1869–1926)
- Irène Joliot-Curie (1897–1956)
- (1886–1952)
- (1859–1932)
- (1873–1957)
- Charles Lester Leonard (1861–1913)
- (1865–1926)
- (1863–1929)
- (1874–1941)
- (1900–1955)
- Cecil Lyster (1859–1920)[11]
- (1872–1926)
- (1867–1934)[12]
- (-1933)[7]
- (1876–1949)
- (1845–1912)
- (1885–1944)
- Takashi Nagai (1908–1951)
- (1873–1947)[12]
- (?–1936)
- George Alexander Pirie[11]
- (1885–1956)
- [11][9]
- (1871–1916)
- (1852–1922)
- (1872–1928)
- (1881–1935)
- (1879-1959)
- (1893-1951)
- (1882–1925)
- (1902–1967)
- (1893–1954)
- (1872–1938)
- (?–1929)
- John W. L. Spence (1870-1930)[11]
- (1893–1965)
- (–1926)
- (1850–1911)
- Dawson Turner (1857-1928)[2]
- (1886–1954)
- (1872–1942)
- (1887–1953)
- (1872–1946)
- [11]
- (1854–1906)
- (?–1955)
- [9]
- (1871-1911)[2]
- J. Young[6]
References[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Memorial to X-ray Martyrs". The British Journal of Radiology. 9 (102): 351–353. 1936. doi:10.1259/0007-1285-9-102-351. ISSN 0007-1285.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Thomas, Adrian M. K.; Banerjee, Arpan K. (2013). The History of Radiology. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-166970-5.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Mould, R. F. (1993). A Century of X-Rays and Radioactivity in Medicine: With Emphasis on Photographic Records of the Early Years. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-7503-0224-1.
- ^ Joarder, Ritam (22 February 2014). "History of ionizing radiation". SlideShare. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c "Museum of Modern Imaging". Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Owen, Morris (1962). "Australian X-Ray Martyrs". Australasian Radiology. 6 (2): 90–93. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1673.1962.tb01097.x. ISSN 0004-8461.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d "The Miracle and the Martyrs". Dana News & Events. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ Molineus, W.; Holthusen, H.; Meyer, H. (1992). Ehrenbuch der Radiologen aller Nationen (3rd ed.). Berlin. ISBN 3-89412-132-7.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Radiation Martyrs". The British Journal of Radiology. 29 (341): 273–273. 1956. doi:10.1259/0007-1285-29-341-273. ISSN 0007-1285.
- ^ "Reginald George griffiths Blackall". Leigh Lives. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "The History of X-rays in Dundee". University of Dundee. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Thomas, Adrian (3 November 2014). "The advent of radiation protection through WWI radiology martyrs". British Instuitute of Radiology. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Further reading[]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ehrenmal der Radiologie. |
- "Das Ehrenmal der Radiologie in Hamburg". RöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren. 178 (8): 753–756. 2006. doi:10.1055/s-2006-948089. ISSN 1438-9029.
- Monuments and memorials in Germany
- X-ray pioneers
- 1936 establishments in Germany
- Stone sculptures in Germany
- Outdoor sculptures in Germany