Muhammad Hasan Ashtiyani

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Muhammad Hasan Ashtiyani (c. 1832 – 1901) was an Iranian Shia mujtahid, jurist and man of hadith. He was involved at the Tobacco protest against the Tobacco Régie in 1891.[1]

Biography[]

Muhammad Hasan Ashtiyani was born in 1832 in Ashtiyan, in Markazi Province, Iran. His father passed away when he was at age of 3.[2] His mother hired a private teacher to educate him, from whom he learned basic education such as writing and reading the Quran. He became fascinated by theology and travelled to Boroujerd to study in a seminary.[3] At the time, the seminary of Boroujerd was considered among the best. He learned Arabic literature and jurisprudence. At the same time he participated in Sayyed Shafi Japalqi's courses who taught the religious teachings of Shia.[4] Following his time in the seminary, Ashtiyani traveled to Najaf and became one of the special pupils of Shaykh Ansari. When he come back to Tehran he was a pioneer in teaching the innovations and points of his Master Shaykh Ansari. He also tried to develop the style of Ansari's school among men of religious sciences.[5]

Political and social activity[]

He was also active in social and political affairs, having had a large role in the Tobacco Protest.[6] He didn't accept the gifts and diamonds[7] of the Shah and defended the rights of victims of the sanctions on tobacco. He strongly supported Shirazi's fatwa and the repudiation of the concession.[8][9]

Family[]

He had four sons and one daughter.

  • Murtaza Ashtiyani
  • Hashem Ashtiyani
  • Iftekhar Al Olama (also known as Sahba)
  • Mirza Ahmad Ashtiyani, known as Valeh and considered as an eminent philosopher of philosophical school of Tehran.
  • Fatima, who was the mother of Mirza Mehdi Ashtiyani, a well-known philosopher.

Works[]

  • Bahr Al Favaed
  • Rasalah fi Al Ajza
  • Mabahis Al Alfaz
  • Kitab Al Qaza va Shahadat
  • Kitab Al Ijarah
  • Kitab Al Vaghf

Pupils[]

He had many pupils who would go on to be well known in their own right. They include:

  • Mirza Muhammad Ali Shah Abadi
  • Hosein Qomi
  • Sayyyed Nasrolla Akhavi
  • Allameh Qazvini
  • Mirza Masin Alighani
  • Ali Akbar Hikmi
  • Mirza Muhammad Javad Nahavandi[10]
  • Muhammad Musavi Behbahani[11]

Death[]

Ashtiyani died in 1901 at the age of 71. He died in Abdul Azim Hasani. His corpse was later transferred to Najaf.

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Gleave, Robert (23 November 2004). Religion and Society in Qajar Iran - Google Books. ISBN 9781134304196. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
  2. ^ Agha Bozorg Tehrani,Noghaba al bashar.vol.1.p.389.
  3. ^ "Masjid magazine". No. 41. p. 67. Cite magazine requires |magazine= (help)
  4. ^ Tabaghat Alam Shia,vol.1.p.390
  5. ^ Katouzian, Homa (14 October 2006). State and Society in Iran: The Eclipse of the Qajars and the Emergence of ... - Homa Katouzian - Google Books. ISBN 9781845112721. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
  6. ^ Aghaie, Kamran Scot (December 2011). The Martyrs Of Karbala: Shi'i symbols and rituals in modern Iran - Kamran Scot Aghaie - Google Books. ISBN 9780295800783. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
  7. ^ Na?r, ?Usain; Nasr, Seyyed Hossein; Dabashi, Hamid; Nasr, Seyyed Vali Reza (26 April 1989). Expectation of the Millennium: Shi'ism in History - Seyyed Hossein Nasr, Hamid Dabashi, Seyyed Vali Reza Nasr - Google Books. ISBN 9780887068447. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
  8. ^ Gerhard Böwering,Patricia Crone (2013). The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought. Princeton University Press. p. 19. ISBN 978-0691134840.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  9. ^ Poulson, Stephen C. (2006). Social Movements in Twentieth-century Iran: Culture, Ideology, and ... - Stephen C. Poulson - Google Books. ISBN 9780739117576. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
  10. ^ Gholamali Haddad Adel, Mohammad Jafar Elmi, Hassan Taromi-Rad (2012). Hawza-yi 'Ilmiyya, Shi'i Teaching Institution: An Entry from Encyclopaedia of the World of Islam. EWI Press. p. 228.236. ISBN 9781908433060.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  11. ^ John L. Esposito (2004). the Oxford dictionary of islam. Oxford University Press. p. 43. ISBN 9780199757268.
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