Munigua

show This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in Spanish. (November 2017) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the Spanish article. Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 4,537 articles in the main category, and specifying|topic= will aid in categorization. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary Content in this edit is translated from the existing Spanish Wikipedia article at [[:es:Munigua]]; see its history for attribution. You should also add the template {{Translated|es|Munigua}} to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

Munigua

Municipium Flavium Muniguense
Eastern slope of the site with private and public buildings
Shown within Province of Seville Munigua (Andalusia) Munigua (Spain) Show map of Province of SevilleShow map of AndalusiaShow map of SpainShow all
Location	Villanueva del Río y Minas, Province of Seville, Spain
Coordinates	37°42′47.3″N 5°44′26.17″W / 37.713139°N 5.7406028°W / 37.713139; -5.7406028Coordinates: 37°42′47.3″N 5°44′26.17″W / 37.713139°N 5.7406028°W / 37.713139; -5.7406028

Western Wall of the Sanctuary

Temple of the Podium

Munigua is the site of the Roman city of Municipium Flavium Muniguense^[1] and is located 8 km from Villanueva del Río y Minas, in the province of Seville. Its origins are pre-Roman and it flourished between the 1st and 3rd centuries AD.

Extensive remains can be seen and it has the designation of Historical Artistic Monument.

History[]

Munigua's location was related to the copper and iron mines in this area.

The oldest ceramic materials from the site are Punic from the 7th century BC. The pre-Roman Iberian settlement was located on the top of the hill.

During the 1st c. BC and the first half of the 1st c. AD mining is evidenced in what were later the hot springs, the forum and houses 1 and 5.

Although some of the architectural remains visible today correspond to buildings from the Augustan period, most of the public and religious buildings were erected during the construction boom of the last third of the 1st century AD when the Emperor Vespasian granted it the status of municipium.

Buildings near the top of the hill were demolished for the construction of the Terrace Sanctuary in around 70 AD. The baths were remodeled during the construction of the Forum, built at the end of that century. Houses 1, 5 and 6 in the street of the baths were built between the end of the 1st century and the beginning of the 2nd century. House 2 is also from this time and both this House and Houses 1 and 6 must have belonged to families of local elite owing to their proximity to the administrative and religious centres of the city.

The walls of Munigua, built in the last third of the 2nd century AD were already in ruins in the 3rd century, and were never finished since the western side was open. Their layout was unusual as they followed the necropolis boundaries and construction affected the Southern and Eastern necropolises so that some of the tombs were included, incomprehensibly, inside the city.

At the end of the 3rd century the city suffered an earthquake, as indicated in the houses, in the Forum and in the two-story portico. This marked the beginning of its decline.

Map of Munigua

Archaeological site[]

Main remains include:

• The walls
• The Terrace Sanctuary
• The Temple of the Podium
• The two-story Portico
• The temple of Mercury
• The Forum
• The thermal baths
• The Houses

Recently archaeologists have found an extensive Roman copper mine overlying a much older mine from around 2000 BC begun by the Turdetani. The enormous system included ventilated interconnected tunnels and deep shafts.^[2]

References[]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Munigua.