Murdannia

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Murdannia
Murdannia edulis in Hyderabad, AP W IMG 9927.jpg
Murdannia semiteres in Hyderabad, India
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Monocots
(unranked):
Commelinids
Order:
Commelinales
Family:
Commelinaceae
Subfamily:
Commelinoideae
Tribe:
Commelineae
Genus:
Murdannia

Royle, 1839
Type species
M. edulis
Synonyms[1][2]
  • Baoulia A. Chev.
  • Dichaespermum Wight
  • Dilasia Raf.
  • Phaeneilema G. Brückn.
  • Prionostachys Hassk.
  • Streptylis Raf.
  • Ditelesia Raf.
  • Talipulia Raf.

Murdannia is a genus of annual or perennial monocotyledonous flowering plants in the dayflower family.

The genus is one of the largest in the family. They are most easily distinguished from other genera in the family by their three-lobed or spear-shaped antherodes (i.e. non-functional anthers).[3] Also, along with the closely related genus Anthericopsis, it is the only genus with staminodes (i.e. non-functional stamens) opposite the petals.[4]

Murdannia are found in tropical regions across the globe with extensions into warm temperate areas.[1] Typically, Murdannia species are found in open areas in mesic soils. However, some are semi-aquatic, and a limited few are found in closed forest situations. Three species are naturalized in the United States (Murdannia keisak, and M. spirata).[5][6][7]

The genus is named in honor of Murdan Ali, a plant collector who worked for John Forbes Royle and maintained the herbarium at Saharunpore, India.[6][8] He was a munshi who took a keen interest in natural history and under the training of Falconer, Royle and Edgeworth had become a proficient botanist who compiled a vernacular flora of northern India and the Himalayas which was however never published.[9]

Species[1]
  • (Lauterb. & K.Schum.) Faden - New Guinea
  • (De Wild.) Brenan - Congo-Brazzaville, Zaïre
  • Nampy & Ancy - Assam
  • Faden - Sri Lanka
  • Brenan - Kenya, Zanzibar, Pemba
  • (Hassk.) Brenan - Indian Subcontinent, Java, Myanmar, Malaya
  • (C.B.Clarke) J.K.Morton ex D.Y.Hong - southern China, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam
  • Nandikar & Gurav - western India
  • D.Fang - Guangxi in China
  • (Ridl.) Faden - Peninsular Malaysia
  • Brenan - Central African Republic, Chad, Kenya
  • (Griff.) Faden - India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Myanmar
  • Faden - New Guinea, Queensland, Northern Territory of Australia
  • (Dalzell) G.Brückn. - southern India
  • Murdannia dimorphoides Faden - Sri Lanka
  • (C.B.Clarke) G.Brückn. - southern China, Himalayas, Myanmar, Vietnam
  • (Stokes) Faden - southern China, Himalayas, Indochina, Java, Bali, Philippines, New Guinea
  • (Wall. ex C.B.Clarke) R.S.Rao & Kammathy - India, Sri Lanka
  • Nampy & Joby - Kerala State in India
  • (Warb. ex K.Schum. & Lauterb.) G.Brückn. - New Guinea
  • (Seub.) G.Brückn. - Brazil
  • (Vahl) G.Brückn. - Madagascar, Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Queensland, Northern Territory, New South Wales
  • (Thwaites ex C.B.Clarke) G.Brückn. - India, Sri Lanka
  • (R.Br.) G.Brückn. - Vietnam, Queensland, Northern Territory, New South Wales, Western Australia
  • (C.B.Clarke) G.Brückn. - Assam, southern China
  • (Thunb.) Faden - China, Japan, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina, Borneo
  • (Wight) R.S.Rao & Kammathy - Kerala + Tamil Nadu in India
  • (Masam.) D.Y.Hong - southern China
  • Murdannia keisak (Hassk.) Hand.-Mazz. - Japan, Korea, Ryukyu Islands, Russia (Amur + Primorye), Taiwan, Laos, Vietnam, Nepal; naturalized in parts of United States
  • (Wight) Kammathy - India, Sri Lanka
  • (Wall. ex C.B.Clarke) G.Brückn. - southern India
  • (Hassk.) R.S.Rao & Kammathy - China, Taiwan, Tibet, Ryukyu Islands, Bonin Islands, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina, Java, Philippines, New Guinea
  • D.Y.Hong - Yunnan, Guangdong, Cambodia
  • (Lour.) D.Y.Hong - Yunnan, Guangdong, Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam
  • (L.) Brenan - southern China, Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Western Australia, Micronesia; naturalized in Hawaii, southeastern United States, Mexico, Central America, West Indies, northern South America, Sierra Leone, Congo-Brazzaville, Cook Islands
  • (C.B.Clarke ex Chodat) G.Brückn. - Paraguay, Brazil
  • (G.Brückn.) G.Brückn. - southern India
  • Ancy & Nampy - Maharashtra
  • Joby, Nisha & Unni - southern India
  • (Kunth) G.Brückn. - Guyana, Brazil
  • (C.B.Clarke ex S.Moore) G.Brückn. - Brazil
  • (Dalzell) Santapau - Zaire, Burundi, Rwanda, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Iran, Yemen, India, Vietnam
  • (Vahl) Brenan - sub-Saharan Africa, Madagascar, Indian Subcontinent, southern China, Indochina, Queensland
  • (Kurz) Faden - southern China, Indochina, Philippines
  • Murdannia spirata (L.) G.Brückn. - southern China, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina, Java, Philippines; naturalized in Florida + Samoa
  • (Diels) Hand.-Mazz. - Sichuan, Yunnan
  • Faden - Sri Lanka
  • Brenan - Zaire, Rwanda
  • (A.Chev.) Brenan - tropical Africa
  • (Wall. ex C.B.Clarke) G.Brückn. - southern China, Indochina, Himalayas
  • D.Y.Hong - Yunnan
  • Kamble, Somkuwar et Nandikar - India
  • (L.) G.Brückn. - southern China, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina, Java, Philippines, Queensland, Northern Territory
  • (Dalzell) G.Brückn. - India, Vietnam, Philippines
  • D.Y.Hong - Yunnan
  • (C.B.Clarke) G.Brückn. - India, Sri Lanka

References[]

  1. ^ a b c Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. ^ Tropicos
  3. ^ Faden, Robert B. (1998), "Commelinaceae", in Kubitzki, Klaus (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, vol. 4, Berlin: Springer, pp. 109–128, ISBN 978-3-540-64061-5
  4. ^ Evans, Timothy M.; Sytsma, Kenneth J.; Faden, Robert B.; Givnish, Thomas J. (2003), "Phylogenetic Relationships in the Commelinaceae: II. A Cladistic Analysis of rbcL Sequences and Morphology", Systematic Botany, 28 (2): 270–292, doi:10.1043/0363-6445-28.2.270 (inactive 31 October 2021){{citation}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of October 2021 (link)
  5. ^ Shinners, L. H. 1962. Aneilema (Commelinaceae) in the United States. Sida 1: 100--101.
  6. ^ a b Flora of North America v 22 p 190.
  7. ^ Faden, Robert B. 2001. New taxa of Murdannia (Commelinaceae) from Sri Lanka. Novon 11:22-30.
  8. ^ Royle, John Forbes. Illustrations of the Botany ... of the Himalayan Mountains ... 1: 403, pl. 95, f. 3. 1839.
  9. ^ Arnold, David (2005). The Tropics and the Traveling Gaze: India, Landscape, and Science 1800-1856. Orient Blackswan. p. 183.

Media related to Murdannia at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Murdannia at Wikispecies

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