Myliobatiformes

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Myliobatiformes
Dasyatis brevicaudata 4x3.jpg
Short-tail stingray, Dasyatis brevicaudata
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes
Superorder: Batoidea
Order: Myliobatiformes
Compagno, 1973
Type species
Myliobatis aquila
Suborders
  • Platyrhinoidei
  • Zanobatoidei [a]
  • Myliobatoidei

See text for families.

Camouflaged round ribbontail ray

Myliobatiformes /mɪliˈɒbətɪfɔːrmiːz/ is one of the four orders of batoids, cartilaginous fishes related to sharks.[4][5] They were formerly included in the order Rajiformes, but more recent phylogenetic studies have shown the myliobatiforms to be a monophyletic group, and its more derived members evolved their highly flattened shapes independently of the skates.[6][7]

Classification[]

Nelson's Fishes of the World arranges the Myliobatiformes as:[8][9]

  • Suborder Platyrhinoidei
  • Suborder Zanobatoidei [a]
    • Family Zanobatidae (panrays)
  • Suborder Myliobatoidei (stingrays)
    • Superfamily Hexatrygonoidea
      • Family Hexatrygonidae (sixgill stingray)
    • Superfamily
      • Family Plesiobatidae (deepwater stingray)
      • Family Urolophidae (round stingrays)
    • Superfamily Urotrygonoidea
    • Superfamily
      • Family Dasyatidae (whiptail stingrays)
      • Family Potamotrygonidae (river stingrays)
      • Family Gymnuridae (butterfly rays)
      • Family Myliobatidae (eagle rays)
        • Subfamily Myliobatinae (eagle rays)
        • Subfamily Mobulinae (manta rays, devil rays)[b]
        • Subfamily Rhinopterinae (cownose rays)[b]
  1. ^ a b Genetic evidence now places Zanobatidae in Rhinopristiformes[1][2] or as sister taxon to Rhinopristiformes.[3]
  2. ^ a b Recognised as family by some authorities[10]


The family Aetobatidae is recognised by some authorities. It contains the for the genus Aetobatus, which is otherwise part of Myliobatinae. [11][10]

References[]

  1. ^ Naylor, G.J.P.; Caira, J.N.; Jensen, K.; Rosana, K.A.M.; Straube, N.; Lakner, C. (2012). "Elasmobranch Phylogeny: A Mitochondrial Estimate Based on 595 Species". In Carrier, J.C.; Musick, J.A.; Heithaus, M.R. (eds.). Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives (2 ed.). CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. pp. 31–56.
  2. ^ Aschliman; Nishida; Miya; Inoue; Rosana; Naylord (2012). "Body plan convergence in the evolution of skates and rays (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 63 (1): 28–42. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.12.012. PMID 22209858.
  3. ^ Last, P.R.; Séret, B.; Naylor, G.J.P. (2016). "A new species of guitarfish, Rhinobatos borneensis sp. nov. with a redefinition of the family-level classification in the order Rhinopristiformes (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea)". Zootaxa. 4117 (4): 451–475. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4117.4.1. PMID 27395187.
  4. ^ Froese, R.; Pauly, D. "Myliobatiformes". WoRMS. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  5. ^ "Order Summary for Myliobatiformes". FishBase. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  6. ^ Nelson, J.S. (2006). Fishes of the World (fourth ed.). John Wiley. pp. 69–82. ISBN 0-471-25031-7.
  7. ^ Martin, R. Aidan. "Myliobatiformes: Stingrays". ReefQuest Centre for Shark Research. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  8. ^ Nelson, J. S. (2006). Fishes of the World (4 ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-25031-9.
  9. ^ Nelson, Joseph S.; Grande, Terry C.; Wilson, Mark V. H. (2016). "Division Batomorphi—rays". Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Hoboken: John Wiley and Sons. pp. 80–95. doi:10.1002/9781119174844. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
  10. ^ a b Naylor, GJP; Yang, L; Corrigan, S; de Carvalho, MR (2016). "Phylogeny and Classification of Rays". In Last, Peter; Naylor, Gavin; Séret, Bernard; White, William; de Carvalho, Marcelo; Stehmann, Matthias (eds.). Rays of the World. Csiro Publishing. pp. 10–15. ISBN 9780643109148.
  11. ^ White, William T.; Naylor, Gavin J.P. (2016). "Resurrection of the family Aetobatidae (Myliobatiformes) for the pelagic eagle rays, genus Aetobatus". Zootaxa. 4139 (3): 435. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4139.3.10. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 27470816.
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