Napier Eland
Eland | |
---|---|
Napier Eland on display at the Helicopter Museum (Weston). | |
Type | Turboshaft/turboprop aero-engine |
Manufacturer | Napier & Son |
First run | 1953 |
Major applications | Fairey Rotodyne Convair CV-540 |
The Napier Eland was a British turboshaft or turboprop gas-turbine engine built by Napier & Son in the early 1950s. Production of the Eland ceased in 1961 when the Napier company was taken over by Rolls-Royce.[1]
Design and development[]
The Eland was first tested in 1953 in a Vickers Varsity aircraft.[2] Further flight proving was carried out from 1955 using the first production Airspeed Ambassador 2.[3] The Eland was dropped from production when Napiers was acquired by Rolls-Royce Limited in 1961.[2]
The Eland was used to power various aircraft including the Westland Westminster heavy-lift helicopter, the Canadair CL-66; a turbine-powered version of the Convair CV-340 for the Canadian military[2](later converted to Allison T-56 propjets after a number of engine failures), and the Fairey Rotodyne gyrodyne. In the Rotodyne, the Eland powered the tractor propellors for forward flight and a compressor, via a clutch and shaft arrangement, to feed the rotor tip-jets with compressed air for vertical flight.[4]
Variants[]
- Eland N.El.1
- 2,690 hp (2,010 kW) + 825 lbf (3.67 kN) residual thrust, static at sea level ICAN conditions.[5]
- Eland N.El.3
- Powerplant for the Fairey Rotodyne driving the propeller and an auxiliary compressor to feed the rotor tip jets 2,805 hp (2,092 kW) + 500 lbf (2.22 kN) residual thrust, static at sea level ICAN conditions.[5]
- Eland N.El.4
- 3,765 hp (2,808 kW) + 610 lbf (2.71 kN) residual thrust, static at sea level ICAN conditions.[5]
- Eland N.El.6
- [6]
- Eland N.El.7
- The 504 adapted to helicopter / convertiplane, compressed air generator use.[6]
- Eland E.211
- The 504 adapted for mechanically driven helicopter rotors.[6]
- Eland 504
- (N.El.6)[6]
- Eland 508
- 504 with increased max continuous rating.[6]
Applications[]
Turboshaft[]
Turboprop[]
- Airspeed Ambassador
- Canadair CC-109 Cosmopolitan (CL-66)
- Convair CV-540
- Fairey Rotodyne
- Vickers Varsity (one aircraft as an engine test bed in 1954)
Engines on display[]
A turboshaft Eland is on display at the Helicopter Museum, Weston-super-Mare.[7]
Specifications (Eland N.El.6)[]
Data from Flight 29 August 1958 p.340[8]
General characteristics
- Type: Single-shaft turboprop
- Length: 120 in (3,000 mm)
- Diameter: 36 in (910 mm)
- Dry weight: 1,735 lb (787 kg)
Components
- Compressor: 10-stage axial flow
- Combustors: 6 chambers
- Turbine: 3-stage
- Fuel type: Jet fuel
Performance
- Maximum power output: 3,500 hp (2,600 kW) (eshp - equivalent shaft horse-power - adding power from residual thrust)
- Overall pressure ratio: 7:1
- Air mass flow: 31 lb/s (14 kg/s)
- Specific fuel consumption: 0.595 lb/h (eshp)
- Thrust-to-weight ratio: 2.0 eshp/lb (3.3 kW/kg)
See also[]
Comparable engines
Related lists
References[]
Notes[]
- ^ Gunston 1989, p.107.
- ^ a b c "Napier Eland 504A", Atlantic Canada Aviation Museum, retrieved 26 May 2008
- ^ Jackson 1973, p. 26
- ^ "A History of Fairey Engineering", WFEL.co.uk, archived from the original (doc) on 16 March 2007, retrieved 26 May 2008
- ^ a b c Taylor, John W.R. FRHistS. ARAeS (1955). Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1955-56. London: Sampson, Low, Marston & Co Ltd.
- ^ a b c d e Bridgman, Leonard, ed. (1959). Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1959–60. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co. Ltd.
- ^ The Helicopter Museum - Fairey Rotodyne Archived 26 December 2007 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved: 28 July 2009
- ^ "British Aero Engines 1958". Flight: 340. 29 August 1958. Retrieved 18 December 2017.
Bibliography[]
- Gunston, Bill. World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines. Cambridge, England. Patrick Stephens Limited, 1989. ISBN 1-85260-163-9
- Jackson, A.J. (1973), British Civil Aircraft since 1919 - Volume I, Putnam & Company Ltd, ISBN 0-370-10006-9
External links[]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Napier Eland. |
- Atlantic Canada Aviation Museum - Napier Eland 504 information sheet
- "Eland 1959" a 1959 Flight article
- Napier aircraft engines
- 1950s turboshaft engines
- Axial-compressor gas turbine engines