Nassarius

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Nassarius
Nassarius arcularia 01.JPG
Shell of Nassarius arcularia
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Neogastropoda
Family: Nassariidae
Subfamily: Nassariinae
Genus: Nassarius
Dumeril, 1806
Type species
Buccinum arcularia Linnaeus, 1758
Species

See text

Synonyms[1]
  • Aciculina A. Adams, 1853
  • Alectrion Montfort, 1810 (junior synonym)
  • Alectrion (Zeuxis) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
  • Alectryon Melvill, 1918 (unjustified emendation)
  • Allanassa Iredale, 1929
  • Arcularia Link, 1807
  • Arcularia (Plicarcularia) Thiele, 1929
  • Arculia Jousseaume, 1888 (incorrect subsequent spelling)
  • Austronassaria C. Laeron & J. Laseron, 1956
  • † Bathynassa Ladd, 1976
  • † Buccinum (Niotha) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
  • † Chelenassa Shuto, 1969
  • Eione Risso, 1826 (Invalid: junior homonym of Eione Rafinesque, 1814)
  • Glabrinassa Shuto, 1969
  • Hebra H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
  • Nassa Lamarck, 1799 (Invalid: junior homonym of Nassa Röding, 1798)
  • Nassa (Aciculina) Adams, 1853
  • Nassa (Alectrion) Montfort, 1810
  • Nassa (Alectryon) Berthold in Latreille, 1827
  • Nassa (Arcularia) Link, 1807
  • Nassa (Eione) Risso, 1826
  • Nassa (Hebra) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
  • Nassa (Niotha) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
  • Nassa (Profundinassa) Thiele, 1929
  • Nassa (Venassa) Martens, 1881
  • Nassa (Zeuxis) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
  • Nassarius (Aciculina) Adams, 1853
  • Nassarius (Alectrion) Montfort, 1810
  • Nassarius (Alectryon) Berthold in Latreille, 1827
  • Nassarius (Arcularia) Link, 1807
  • Nassarius (Austronassaria) C. Laseron & J. Laseron, 1956
  • Nassarius (Bathynassa) Ladd, 1976
  • Nassarius (Catillon) Addicott, 1965
  • † Nassarius (Chelenassa) Shuto, 1969
  • Nassarius (Eione) Risso, 1826
  • Nassarius (Glabrinassa) Shuto, 1969
  • Nassarius (Hima) Gray, 1852 ex Leach, ms.
  • † Nassarius (Nanarius) Woodring, 1964 accepted, alternate representation
  • Nassarius (Nassarius) Duméril, 1805· accepted, alternate representation
  • Nassarius (Niotha) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
  • Nassarius (Pallacera) Woodring, 1964 accepted, alternate representation
  • Nassarius (Plicarcularia) Thiele, 1929
  • Nassarius (Profundinassa) Thiele, 1929
  • Nassarius (Proneritula) Thiele, 1929
  • † Nassarius (Psilarius) Woodring, 1964 accepted, alternate representation
  • Nassarius (Pygmaeonassa) Annadale, 1924
  • Nassarius (Retiarcularia) Shuto, 1969 (incorrect subsequent spelling)
  • Nassarius (Tarazeuxis) Iredale, 1936
  • Nassarius (Varicinassa) Habe, 1946
  • Nassarius (Venassa) Martens, 1881
  • Nassarius (Zeuxis) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
  • Niotha H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
  • Pallacera Woodring, 1964
  • Plicarcularia Thiele, 1929
  • Profundinassa Thiele, 1929
  • Pygmaeonassa Annandale, 1924
  • Reticularcularia Shuto, 1969 (nomen nudum)
  • Scabronassa Peile, 1939
  • Tavaniotha Iredale, 1936
  • Tritia (Varicinassa) Habe, 1946
  • Varicinassa Habe, 1946
  • Venassa Martens, 1881
  • Zeuxis H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853

Nassarius, common name nassa mud snails (USA) or dog whelks (UK), is a genus of minute to medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Nassariidae.[1] They are scavengers.

Etymology[]

The name is derived from the Latin word "nassa", meaning a wickerbasket with a narrow neck, for catching fish. Nassarius would then mean "someone who uses such a wickerbasket for catching fish".

Ecology[]

Distribution and habitat[]

Species within this genus are found worldwide. These snails usually live on mud flats or sand flats, intertidally or subtidally.

Life habits[]

Most Nassarius species are very active scavengers, feeding on crabs and carrion as dead fish, etc. They often burrow into marine substrates and then wait with only their siphon protruding, until they smell nearby food.

Shell description[]

The shells of species in this genus have a relatively high cyrtoconoid (approaching a conical shape but with convex sides) spire and a siphonal notch.

Anatomy[]

The animal has a long siphon.

Human use[]

Archeology[]

Several beads made from Nassarius gibbosulus shells are thought to be the earliest known forms of personal adornment, or even jewelry. Two shell beads found in Skhul Cave on the slopes of Mount Carmel, Israel, are thought to be 100,000 years old, whilst another found at , Algeria, is believed to be 90,000 years old. A further group of pierced shells, some with red ochre, has been recovered from the Aterian levels at the Taforalt site in Morocco; these Nassarius gibbosulus beads have been securely dated to about 82,000 years ago.[2]

All these examples predate several 75,000-year-old Nassarius kraussianus beads which were found at Blombos Cave, South Africa (including some colored with red ochre). These beads had previously been thought to be the oldest examples of jewelry.[3]

From A.D. 1130 to 1275, shell beads were manufactured by the inhabitants of the Exhausted Cave near the Clear Creek Ruins. A Southern Sinagua site in Verde Valley, Arizona where "shell played a major role in the economic system of this culture."[4]

Modern uses[]

Nassarius vibex is a species which is often selected for marine aquaria. It is often confused with Nassarius obsoletus, a cooler water snail less suited to tropical marine aquarium temperatures. In aquaria, the Nassarius is considered nearly indispensable for keeping sand beds clean and healthy, as these snails tend to burrow and plow through the upper layer in a conch-like fashion, keeping algae and detritus from building up visibly on the surface.

The shells of various species of Nassarius are popular with shell collectors, and are sometimes used in jewelry and other forms of decoration.

Taxonomy[]

The genus Nassarius has traditionally been subdivided into several subgenera, based on differences in shell morphology, especially the sculpture: Aciculina, Alectrion, Allanassa, Nassodonta, Niotha, Plicarcularia, Profundinassa, Pygmaeonassa, Telasco, and Zeuxis. However, this division is difficult to define, resulting in much confusion. Even phylogenetic analysis shows that the division into these subgenera appears to be uncertain and unreliable. There seem to be two groups within the genus Nassarius with the closest relationship between the subgenera Zeuxis and Telasco. Even the species within the subgenus Plicarcularia do not belong to a single clade. In the end, the molecular phylogeny did not match the previous morphological phylogeny.[5]

Gallery[]

  • † Nassarius semistriatus

  • † Nassarius semistriatus

  • Nassarius glans glans

  • Nassarius papillosus

  • Nassarius kochianus

  • Nassarius arcularia

  • Nassarius coronatus

  • Nassarius crenoliratus

  • Nassarius graphiterus

  • Nassarius gregarius

  • Nassarius albescens albescens

  • Nassarius conoidalis (fossil)

  • Nassarius conoidalis conoidalis

  • Nassarius coronulus

  • Nassarius distortus (Smooth form)

  • Nassarius gruneri

  • Nassarius jacksonianus

  • Nassarius livescens

  • Nassarius nodiferus

  • Nassarius quadrasi

  • Nassarius stolatus

  • Nassarius bellulus

  • Nassarius bimaculosus

  • Nassarius elegantissimus

  • Nassarius fissilabris

  • Nassarius pullus

  • Nassarius limnaeiformis

  • Nassarius multipunctatus

  • Nassarius reeveanus

  • Nassarius reticosus

  • Nassarius celebensis

  • Nassarius dorsatus

  • Nassarius margaritifer

  • Nassarius niveus

  • Nassarius olivaceus

  • Nassarius variciferus

Species[]

In the course of time, more than 1,000 names have been allocated to species in the genus Nassarius, most of which have become synonyms.

The following species are accepted names according to the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS):[1]

  • Gili, 2015
  • (A. Adams, 1852)
  • MacNeil, 1960
  • (Marrat, 1880)
  • (Montrouzier in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1864)
  • Nassarius acutus (Say, 1822)
  • † (Boettger, 1902)
  • Arthur & Fernandes, 1989
  • Nassarius agapetus (Watson, 1882)
  • † (Bellardi, 1882)
  • Nassarius alabasteroides Kool, 2009
  • Nassarius albescens (Dunker, 1846)
  • (Thiele, 1930)
  • Rehder, 1980
  • † (Fischer in Wanner, 1927)
  • (Reeve, 1853)
  • † (Shuto, 1969)
  • (Odhner, 1923)
  • † (Brocchi, 1814)
  • (A. Adams, 1852)
  • † (Harmer, 1914)
  • † (Bellardi, 1882)
  • Finlay, 1926
  • Nassarius arcadioi Rolán & Hernández, 2005
  • Nassarius arcularia (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Cernohorsky, 1991
  • Nerurkar, Shimpi & Apte, 2020
  • (Marrat, 1877)
  • † (Brocchi, 1814)
  • Adam & Knudsen, 1984
  • † (Bellardi, 1882)
  • (Watson, 1882)
  • † (Hörnes, 1852)
  • (Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932)
  • † (Boettger, 1902)
  • † Oostingh, 1933
  • † Landau, Harzhauser, İslamoğlu & Silva, 2013
  • Ladd, 1976
  • † (K. Martin & Icke, 1906)
  • (A. Adams, 1852)
  • (Marrat, 1877)
  • Willan & Beechey, 2015
  • † Oostingh, 1933
  • (E.A. Smith, 1876)
  • Nassarius biendongensis Kool, 2003
  • W. Baird, 1873
  • (A. Adams, 1852)
  • † (Ladd, 1976)
  • † (Sismonda, 1847)
  • Nassarius boucheti Kool, 2004
  • Kool, 2015
  • † Van Dingenen, Ceulemans, Landau & C. M. Silva, 2015
  • (Stearns, 1893)
  • Adam & Knudsen, 1984
  • Nassarius cadeei Kool, 2006
  • (A. Adams, 1852)
  • Nesbitt & Pitt, 1986
  • (A. Adams, 1852)
  • † (Dall, 1890)
  • (von Martens, 1897)
  • (d'Orbigny, 1847)
  • Nassarius candens (Hinds, 1844)
  • † Landau, 2010
  • Nassarius capensis (Dunker, 1846)
  • (Watson, 1882)
  • Nassarius castus (Gould, 1835)
  • (Dall, 1908)[6]
  • † (d'Archiac & Haime)
  • (Schepman, 1907)
  • † (Hilber, 1879)
  • Nassarius cernohorskyi Kool, 2005
  • (Arnold, 1903)
  • (Habe, 1960)
  • † (Bellardi, 1882)
  • Nassarius cinctellus (Gould, 1850)
  • Nassarius cinctellus (A. Adams, 1852) (invalid as a junior homonym, but temporarily retained)
  • (A. Adams, 1852)
  • Nassarius circumcinctus (Adams A., 1852)
  • Nassarius clarus (Marrat, 1877)
  • † Nassarius clathratus (Born, 1778)
  • (C. B. Adams, 1852)
  • † (Eichwald, 1830)
  • † Van Dingenen, Ceulemans, Landau & C. M. Silva, 2015
  • † (Fontannes, 1879)
  • Fernández-Garcés, Espinosa & Rolán, 1990
  • Nassarius comptus (Marrat, 1880)
    • Nassarius comptus polita (Marrat, 1880)
  • Nassarius concinnus (Powys, 1835)
  • (Yokoyama, 1926)
  • Nassarius conoidalis (Deshayes, 1832)
  • Nassarius consensus (Ravenel, 1861) - striate nassa
  • (E.A. Smith, 1881)
  • Nassarius coriolis Kool, 2009
  • Nassarius coronatus (Bruguière, 1789)
  • Nassarius coronulus (A. Adams, 1852)
  • † (Brocchi, 1814)
  • † (Tate, 1888)
  • † Nassarius crassiusculus (Nyst, 1845)
  • † (Bellardi, 1882)
  • (Schepman, 1911)
  • Nassarius crematus (Hinds, 1844)
  • (A. Adams, 1852)
  • Nassarius crenulatus (Lamarck, 1816) (nomen dubium)
  • † (Hoernes & Auinger, 1882)
  • (Fischer-Piette & Nicklès, 1946)
  • Nassarius dekkeri Kool, 2001
  • Nassarius delicatus (A. Adams, 1852)
  • (Woodring, 1946)
  • † (Yokoyama, 1923)
  • † (Nagao, 1928)
  • (Powys, 1835)
  • Nassarius deshayesianus (Issel, 1866)
  • (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1848)
  • (G.B. Sowerby III, 1903)
  • (K. Martin, 1895)
  • (E.A. Smith, 1899)
  • Oostingh, 1935
  • (E.A. Smith, 1903)
  • Nassarius distortus (A. Adams, 1852)
  • † (Eichwald, 1830)
  • Wattebled, 1886[7]
  • Nassarius dorsatus (Röding, 1798)
  • (A. Adams, 1852)
  • † (Deshayes, 1844)
  • Nassarius echinatus (A. Adams, 1852)
  • (Melvill & Standen, 1896)
  • † (Beer-Bistrický, 1958)
  • † (Friedberg, 1911)
  • † (Doderlein, 1862)
  • Shuto, 1969
  • Moolenbeek & Dekker, 1994[8]
  • † Ladd, 1977
  • Nassarius enzoi Bozzetti, 2007
  • † Landau, Harzhauser, İslamoğlu & Silva, 2013
  • † Landau, Harzhauser, İslamoğlu & Silva, 2013
  • (G. B. Sowerby III, 1914)
  • (Sowerby, 1902)
  • (Kuroda & Habe, 1961)
  • (Powys, 1835)
  • (H. Adams, 1872)
  • (Dall, 1908)
  • † (Bałuk, 1997)
  • † (Fischer in Wanner, 1927)
  • (E.A. Smith, 1911)
  • † (d'Archiac & Haime, 1854)
  • (Marratt, 1877)
  • † Oostingh, 1939
  • Kilburn, 1972
  • † (Monterosato, 1891)
  • (Reeve, 1853)
  • (G.B. Sowerby III, 1900)
  • (Reeve, 1853)
  • Nassarius fissilabris (Adams, A., 1852)
  • (Turton, 1932)
  • (Preston, 1915)
  • Nassarius fossatus (Gould, 1850) - channeled nassa
  • Nassarius foveolatus (Dunker, 1847)
  • Nassarius fraterculus (Dunker, 1860) - Japanese nassa
  • Cernohorsky, 1980
  • (Marrat, 1877)
  • (Melvill & Standen, 1901)
  • (Melvill & Standen, 1899)
  • † Harzhauser & Cernohorsky, 2011
  • † (Koenen, 1872)
  • (Fischer in Wanner, 1927)
  • Nassarius fuscescens (Dautzenberg, 1912)
  • (E.A. Smith, 1875)
  • (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1848)
  • Strong and Hertlein, 1937
  • Nassarius garuda Kool, 2007
  • Nassarius gaudiosus (Hinds, 1844)
    • Nassarius gaudiosus marrati E.A. Smith, 1876
    • Nassarius gaudiosus mucronata (A.. Adams, 1851)
  • Nassarius gayii (Kiener, 1834)
  • Nassarius gemmuliferus A. Adams, 1852
  • (C.B. Adams, 1852)
  • † Van Dingenen, Ceulemans, Landau & C. M. Silva, 2015
  • † (Michelotti, 1840) †
  • † Landau, Harzhauser, İslamoğlu & Silva, 2013
  • J.-L. Zhang & S.-P. Zhang, 2014
  • Oostingh, 1935
  • Nassarius glans (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Nassarius globosus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833)
  • (Dall, 1908): taxon inquirendum
  • † (Dall, 1917)
  • Nassarius granifer Kiener, 1834
  • (Schepman, 1911)
  • (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1848)
  • † (Hörnes, 1852)
  • (Dunker, 1846)
  • Adam & Knudsen, 1984
  • (Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932)
  • (Dunker, 1847)
  • Kool, 1996
  • (Marrat, 1877)
  • Nassarius harryleei García, 2001
  • (Mari, 1929)
  • † Nomura & Zimbo, 1935
  • (Pulteney, 1799)
  • Nassarius herosae Kool, 2005
  • (Melvill & Standen, 1903)
  • (Pilsbry, 1904)
  • Kuroda & Habe, 1952
  • Nassarius hirtus (Kiener, 1834)
  • † (Hoernes & Auinger, 1882)
  • Itoigawa, 1955
  • Nassarius horridus (Dunker, 1847)
  • Kool & Galindo, 2014
  • Chace, 1958
  • Thach, 2016
  • J.-W. Yang & S.-P. Zhang, 2011
  • † (Mayer, 1873)
  • † Landau, C. M. Silva & Gili, 2009
  • Nassarius idyllius (Melvill & Standen, 1901)
  • Thach, 2017
  • † (Hoernes & Auinger, 1882)
  • † (Peyrot, 1925)
  • Otuka, 1937
  • † (Fischer in Wanner, 1927)
  • (Carpenter, 1864) - smooth western nassa
  • Nassarius interliratus (E. A. Smith, 1876)
  • † (Hilber, 1879)
  • (Dall, 1917)
  • Nassarius irus (Martens, 1880)
  • (Melvill, 1899)
  • (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833)
  • (Melvill, 1906)
  • † Harzhauser, 2011
  • † Harzhauser & Kowalke, 2004
  • (Schepman, 1891)
  • (Dunker, 1846)[9]
  • † (K. Martin, 1895)
  • Jong & Coomans, 1988
  • (Marrat, 1877)
  • Kira, 1954
  • Kool, 2019
  • (Dunker, 1846)
  • Otuka, 1934
  • † (Oostingh, 1939)
  • Nassarius kooli Dekker & Dekkers, 2009
  • Nassarius kraussianus (Dunker, 1846)
  • Oostingh, 1939
  • (A. Adams, 1853)
  • † (J. de C. Sowerby, 1824)
  • (Giner Mari, 1929)
  • † Van Dingenen, Ceulemans, Landau & C. M. Silva, 2015
  • † (Hoernes & Auinger, 1882)
  • † Landau, Harzhauser, İslamoğlu & Silva, 2013
  • Nassarius lavanonoensis Bozzetti, 2006
  • Nassarius lawsonorum Kilburn, 2000
  • (A. Adams, 1852)
  • Abbate & Cavallari, 2013
  • (Knudsen, 1956)
  • † (Bellardi, 1882)
  • (Dall, 1917)
  • (Dunker, 1847)
  • Nassarius livescens (Philippi, 1848)
  • Kool, 1996
  • (A. Adams, 1852)
  • Nassarius luridus (Gould, 1850)
  • Cernohorsky, 1984
  • (Schepman, 1911)
  • † Nassarius macrodon (Bronn, 1831)
  • † (K. Martin, 1895)
  • Kool, 2013
  • (Melvill, 1897)
  • † Oostingh, 1939
  • † Beets, 1941
  • Nassarius margaritifer (Dunker, 1847)
  • (A. Adams, 1852)
  • (E. A. Smith, 1876)
  • † Van Dingenen, Ceulemans, Landau & C. M. Silva, 2015
  • † Gili, 1992
  • Kool & Galindo, 2014
  • Kool, 2020
  • S.-Q. Zhang, S.-P. Zhang & H.-T. Li, 2019
  • Adam & Knudsen, 1984
  • ��� (Bellardi, 1882)
  • (Vredenburg, 1925)
  • (Gould, 1850) - lean western nassa
  • † Van Dingenen, Ceulemans, Landau & C. M. Silva, 2015
  • Nassarius micans (A. Adams, 1852)
  • Nassarius mirabilis Bozzetti, 2007
  • (Dall, 1908)[10]
  • (Hedley & May, 1908)[11]
  • (Hinds, 1844)
  • Kool, 1995[12]
  • (Maltzan, 1884)
  • (A. Adams, 1852)
  • (Dunker, 1847)
  • (Schepman, 1911)
  • Nassarius multivocus Kool, 2008
  • (Sturany, 1900)[13]
  • (Gould, 1860)
  • (Hinds, 1844)
  • (Habe, 1958)
  • Zhang, 2013
  • (E.A. Smith, 1903)
  • † (Hoernes & Auinger, 1882)
  • (K. Martin, 1895)
  • Cossignani, 2021
  • (Reeve, 1854)[14]
  • (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1848)
  • (Verrill, 1880) (nomen dubium)
  • Nassarius niveus (A. Adams, 1852)
  • (Thiele, 1925)
  • (A. Adams, 1852)
  • (A. Adams, 1852)
  • (Powys, 1835)
  • (Marrat, 1873)
  • (Habe, 1958)
  • Masuda, 1956
  • † (Hoernes & Auinger, 1882)
  • (Reeve, 1854)
  • (Pease, 1869)
  • (Philippi, 1846)
  • † (Ludbrook, 1978)
  • (Preston, 1907)
  • (G. & H. Nevill, 1875)
  • (Marrat, 1877)
  • (Deshayes, 1833)
  • Kool & Galindo, 2014
  • Cossignani, 2021
  • Nassarius olivaceus (Bruguière, 1789)
  • Kay, 1979
  • † (H. Noda, 1980)
  • (Dall, 1917)
  • Nassarius oneratus (Deshayes, 1863)
  • Nassarius optimus (G.B. Sowerby III, 1903)
  • (Preston, 1914)
  • † K. Martin, 1880
  • † Van Dingenen, Ceulemans, Landau & C. M. Silva, 2015
  • Nassarius pachychilus (von Maltzan, 1884)
  • † Van Dingenen, Ceulemans, Landau & C. M. Silva, 2015
  • T. Cossignani, 2018
  • Nassarius papillosus (Gould, 1850)
  • Adam & Knudsen, 1984
  • † Landau, Harzhauser, İslamoğlu & Silva, 2013
  • † Landau, C. M. Silva & Gili, 2009
  • (Thiele, 1925)
  • Nassarius paucicostatus (Marrat, 1877)
  • † (Hoernes, 1875)
  • Nassarius pauperatus (Lamarck, 1822)
  • † Nomura & Zimbo, 1935
  • (Dall, 1889)
  • (von Martens, 1874)
  • (Dunker, 1846)
  • † Van Dingenen, Ceulemans, Landau & C. M. Silva, 2015
  • (Thiele, 1925)
  • † (Hoernes & Auinger, 1882)
  • † (Hilber, 1879)
  • (Dall, 1917)
  • † Cox, 1936
  • Thach, 2018
  • † Van Dingenen, Ceulemans, Landau & C. M. Silva, 2015
  • Cernohorsky, 1992[15]
  • † (Brown & Pilsbry, 1913)
  • Kuroda & Habe, 1852
  • Altena & Beets, 1945
  • Nassarius protrusidens (Melvill, 1918)
  • (P. Fischer, 1891)
  • † Nassarius prysmaticus (Brocchi, 1814)
  • (E.A. Smith, 1895)
  • † Nomura & Zimbo, 1935
  • † Harzhauser, Raven & Landau, 2018
  • Adam & Knudsen, 1984
  • † Adam & Glibert, 1976
  • † Landau, Harzhauser, İslamoğlu & Silva, 2013
  • (Watson, 1882)
  • Nassarius pullus (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • (von Martens, 1881)
  • Nassarius pumilio (E.A. Smith, 1872)
  • (A. Adams, 1852)
  • † (Hoernes & Auinger, 1882)
  • (Reeve, 1853)
  • A. Adams, 1853
  • † (Fontannes, 1879)
  • Nassarius pyrrhus (Menke, 1843)[16]
  • (Hidalgo, 1904)
  • (Gould, 1860)
  • (Marrat, 1880)
  • Kool & Galindo, 2014
  • Gili, 2015
  • † (Dollfus & Dautzenberg, 1886)
  • † Vermeij & Wesselingh, 2002
  • Nassarius reeveanus (Dunker, 1847)
  • Cernohorsky, 1980
  • † (J. Sowerby, 1815)
  • Cernohorsky, 1988[17]
  • † (K. Martin, 1880)
  • S.S. Berry, 1953 - California nassa
  • Cernohorsky, 1992[18]
  • Nassarius roissyi (Deshayes in Belanger, 1832)
  • T. Cossignani, 2017
  • † Oostingh, 1939
  • (Dunker, 1847)
  • † (Peyrot, 1925)
  • Nassarius samiae Kool, 2006
  • (A. Adams, 1852)
  • (Powys, 1835)
  • (A. Adams, 1852)
  • † (Hoernes & Auinger, 1882)
  • † Harzhauser & Kowalke, 2004
  • Nassarius scissuratus (Dall, 1889) - carved nassa
  • (P. Fischer, 1891)
  • † (Brocchi, 1814)
  • (Rousseau, 1854)
  • † Laws, 1939
  • (Marrat, 1877)
  • (Melvill & Standen, 1896)
  • Mclean, 1970
  • † Harzhauser & Cernohorsky, 2011
  • (Dunker, 1847)
  • Otuka, 1934
  • (Philippi, 1851)
  • Nassarius sinusigerus (A. Adams, 1852)
  • Nassarius siquijorensis (A. Adams, 1852)
  • (Marrat, 1877)
  • † (Hutton, 1886)
  • † (Bell, 1898)
  • (A. Adams, 1852)
  • Nassarius speciosus (Adams, A., 1852)
  • † (Nyst, 1843)
  • † Adam & Glibert, 1976
  • (Chapman & Gabriel, 1914)
  • (A. Adams, 1852)[19]
  • (Dunker, 1846)
  • (A. Adams, 1852)
  • (C.B. Adams, 1852)
  • Nassarius stolatus (Gmelin, 1791)
  • † Nassarius striatulus (Eichwald, 1829)
  • (C.B. Adams, 1852)
  • Thach, 2018
  • † (Hoernes & Auinger, 1882)
  • † (Hilber, 1879)
  • † (Boettger, 1906)
  • MacNeil, 1961
  • (Sowerby, 1899)
  • (Ludbrook, 1958)
  • (Tate, 1888)
  • † (Hoernes & Auinger, 1882)
  • Nassarius subspinosus Lamarck
  • (Smith, 1903)
  • (A. Adams, 1852)
  • (Gould, 1860)
  • (Thiele, 1925)
  • † Oostingh, 1939
  • † (Hoernes & Auinger, 1882)
  • Petuch & R. F. Myers, 2014
  • (Marrat, 1880)
  • Nassarius tadjallii Moolenbeek, 2007
  • (Philippi, 1845)
  • † (K. Martin, 1921)
  • † (K. Martin, 1884)
  • Nassarius tangaroai Kool, 2006
  • Nassarius tango Scarabino, 2004
  • † (Tenison Woods, 1879)
  • Kuroda, 1929
  • † Harzhauser & Cernohorsky, 2011
  • (A. Adams, 1852)
  • Nassarius thachi Dekker, 2004
  • Dekker, Kool & van Gemert, 2016
  • Nassarius thaumasius (Sturany, 1900)
  • † (Hilber, 1879)
  • (Dall, 1880)
  • (E. A. Smith, 1876)
  • Nassarius tritoniformis (Kiener, 1841)
  • Cernohorsky, 1980
  • † Nomura & Hatai, 1936
  • Nassarius turbineus (Gould, 1845)
  • † (Bellardi, 1882)
  • † (Deshayes, 1844)
  • † Van Dingenen, Ceulemans, Landau & C. M. Silva, 2015
  • † Oostingh, 1939
  • † Oostingh, 1935
  • Bozzetti, 2014
  • Moolenbeek, 2010
  • Nassarius vanpeli Kool, 2005
  • Kool & Galindo, 2014
  • (A. Adams, 1852)
  • † (Fischer in Wanner, 1927)
  • (Gould, 1850)
  • Kool & Galindo, 2014
  • † (Koperberg, 1931)
  • (Dunker, 1847)
  • (Barnard, 1959)
  • (Marrat, 1877)
  • (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1848)
  • (A. Adams, 1853)
  • † (Andrzejowski, 1830)
  • † (Mayer, 1860)
  • Nassarius webbei (Petit, 1850)
  • Petuch & Sargent, 2012
  • Cernohorsky, 1984
  • (C.B. Adams, 1852)
  • Nassarius wolffi Knudsen
  • † (Andrzejowski, 1830)

Synonyms[]

  • Nassarius angulicostis (Pilsbry and Lowe, 1932): synonym of (A. Adams, 1852)
  • Nassarius antillarum (d’Orbigny, 1847) - Antilles nassa: synonym of Phrontis antillara (d'Orbigny, 1847)
  • Nassarius antiquatus (Watson, 1897): synonym of Nassarius recidivus (Martens, 1876)
  • Nassarius balteatus (Pease, 1869): synonym of Reticunassa balteata (Pease, 1869)
  • Nassarius brychius (Watson, 1822): synonym of Nassarius frigens (E. von Martens, 1878): synonym of Tritia frigens (E. von Martens, 1878)
  • Nassarius burchardi (Dunker in Philippi, 1849):[20] synonym of (Philippi, 1849)
  • Nassarius caboverdensis (Rolán, 1984): synonym of Tritia caboverdensis (Rolán, 1984)
  • † Nassarius cabrierensis (Fontannes, 1878): synonym of † Nassarius striatulus (Eichwald, 1829)
  • Nassarius candidissimus (C. B. Adams, 1845): synonym of (C. B. Adams, 1845)
  • Nassarius cockburnensis Kool & Dekker, 2006: synonym of Reticunassa cockburnensis (Kool & Dekker, 2006) (original combination)
  • Nassarius compactus (Angas, 1865): synonym of (Angas, 1865)
  • Nassarius complanatus (Powys, 1835): synonym of (Powys, 1835)
  • Nassarius conspersus (Philippi, 1848): synonym of Tritia conspersa (Philippi, 1849)
  • Nassarius coralligenus (Pallary, 1900): synonym of Tritia coralligena (Pallary, 1900)
  • Nassarius corniculum (Olivi, 1792): synonym of Tritia corniculum (Olivi, 1792)
  • Nassarius corpulentus (C.B. Adams, 1852): synonym of Nassarius nassiformis (Lesson, 1842): synonym of Phrontis nassiformis (Lesson, 1842)
  • Nassarius costellifera A. Adams: synonym of Nassarius margaritifer (Dunker, 1847)
  • Nassarius crenulicostatus (Shuto, 1969): synonym of (Shuto, 1969)
  • Nassarius crossei (Maltzan, 1884): synonym of (Fischer-Piette & Nicklès, 1946)
  • Nassarius cussottii Bozzetti, 2006: synonym of Nassarius irus (Martens, 1880)
  • Nassarius cuvierii (Payraudeau, 1826): synonym of Tritia cuvierii (Payraudeau, 1826)
  • Nassarius denticulatus (A. Adams, 1852): synonym of Tritia denticulata (A. Adams, 1852)
  • Nassarius elegans Kiener, 1834: synonym of Nassarius crassiusculus (Nyst, 1845)
  • Nassarius elatus (Gould, 1845): synonym of Tritia elata (Gould, 1845)
  • Nassarius ephamillus (Watson, 1882):[21] synonym of (Watson, 1882)
  • Nassarius erythraeus (Issel, 1869): synonym of (Issel, 1869)
  • Nassarius festivus (Powys, 1835): synonym of Reticunassa festiva (Powys, 1835)
  • Nassarius fischeri Dautzenberg: synonym of Nassarius fuscescens (Dautzenberg, 1912)
  • Nassarius frigens (Martens, 1878): synonym of Tritia frigens (Martens, 1878)
  • Nassarius gemmulatus (Lamarck, 1822): synonym of Nassarius conoidalis (Deshayes in Belanger, 1832)
  • Nassarius gibbosulus (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of Tritia gibbosula (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Nassarius glabratus (G.B. Sowerby II, 1842): synonym of Naytia glabrata (G. B. Sowerby II, 1842)
  • Nassarius goreensis (Von Maltzan, 1884): synonym of Tritia goreensis (Maltzan, 1884)
  • Nassarius graniferus Kiener, 1834: synonym of Nassarius granifer Kiener, 1834
  • Nassarius granuliferus (Kiener, 1834): synonym of Nassarius granifer Kiener, 1834
  • Nassarius granum (Lamarck, 1822):[22] synonym of Tritia grana (Lamarck, 1822)
  • Nassarius hanraveni Kool & Dekker, 2006: synonym of Reticunassa hanraveni (Kool & Dekker, 2006)
  • Nassarius heynemanni (Von Maltzan, 1884): synonym of Tritia heynemanni (Maltzan, 1884)
  • Nassarius hotessieri (d'Orbigny, 1843): synonym of (d'Orbigny, 1842)
  • Nassarius hotessierianus (d'Orbigny, 1842) - miniature nassa: synonym of (d'Orbigny, 1842)
  • Nassarius incrassatus (Stroem, 1768): synonym of Tritia incrassata (Strøm, 1768)
  • Nassarius insignis (H. Adams, 1867): synonym of Nassodonta insignis H. Adams, 1867
  • Nassarius jeanmartini Kool & Dekker, 2006: synonym of Reticunassa jeanmartini (Kool & Dekker, 2006)
  • Nassarius johni (Monterosato, 1889): synonym of Naytia johni (Monterosato, 1889)
  • Nassarius karinae (Usticke, 1971): synonym of Phrontis karinae (Nowell-Usticke, 1971)
  • Nassarius kieneri (Deshayes, 1863): synonym of Kool, 2015
  • Nassarius lima (Dillwyn, 1817): synonym of Tritia lima (Dillwyn, 1817)
  • Nassarius louisi (Pallary, 1912): synonym of Tritia louisi (Pallary, 1912)
  • Nassarius luteostoma (Broderip & Sowerby, 1829): synonym of (Broderip & G. B. Sowerby I, 1829)
  • Nassarius margaritifera (Dunker, 1847): synonym of Nassarius margaritifer
  • Nassarius margaritiferus (Dunker, 1847à: synonym of Nassarius margaritifer
  • Nassarius melanioides (Reeve, 1853):[23] synonym of (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1848)
  • Nassarius miga (Bruguière, 1789): synonym of Tritia miga (Bruguière, 1789)
  • Nassarius monilis (Kiener, 1834): synonym of Nassarius distortus (A. Adams, 1852)
  • Nassarius mucronata: synonym of Nassarius gaudiosus (Hinds, 1844)
  • Nassarius mutabilis (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of Tritia mutabilis (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Nassarius nanus Nowell-Usticke, G.W., 1959: synonym of Nassarius karinae Nowell-Usticke, G.W., 1971,[24] synonym of Phrontis karinae (Nowell-Usticke, 1971)
  • Nassarius nigrolabra (Verrill, 1880): synonym of (Verrill, 1880)
  • Nassarius nitidus (Jeffreys, 1867): synonym of Tritia nitida (Jeffreys, 1867)
  • Nassarius nodifer (Powys, 1835): synonym of (Powys, 1835)
  • Nassarius obliquus Kiener: synonym of Nassarius glabratus (G.B. Sowerby II, 1842), synonym of Naytia glabrata (G. B. Sowerby II, 1842)
  • Nassarius obsoletus (Say, 1822) - eastern mudsnail: synonym of Ilyanassa obsoleta (Say, 1822): synonym of Tritia obsoleta (Say, 1822)
  • Nassarius ovoideus (Locard, 1886): synonym of Tritia ovoidea (Locard, 1886)
  • Nassarius pagodus (Reeve, 1844): synonym of (Reeve, 1844)
  • Nassarius pauperus (Gould, 1850): synonym of (Gould, 1850)
  • Nassarius perpinguis (Hinds, 1844) - fat western nassa: synonym of (Hinds, 1844)
  • Nassarius pfeifferi (Philippi, 1844): synonym of Tritia pfeifferi (Philippi, 1844)
  • Nassarius plicatellus Adams: synonym of Nassarius niveus (A. Adams, 1852)
  • Nassarius polygonatus (Lamarck, 1822): synonym of Phrontis polygonata (Lamarck, 1822)
  • Nassarius priscardi Bozzetti, 2006: synonym of Naytia priscardi (Bozzetti, 2006)
  • Nassarius pygmaeus Lamarck, 1822: synonym of Tritia pygmaea (Lamarck, 1822)
  • Nassarius recidivus (Martens, 1876): synonym of Tritia recidiva (von Martens, 1876)
  • † Nassarius ridibundus Lozouet, 1999: synonym of † (Lozouet, 1999)
  • Nassarius robustus (Monterosato, 1890): synonym of Tritia lima (Dillwyn, 1817)
  • Nassarius rotundus (Melvill & Standen, 1896): synonym of (Melvill & Standen, 1896)
  • Nassarius semiplicatoides Zhang, Ai-Ju, You, Zhong-Jie, 2007: synonym of Nassarius foveolatus (Dunker, 1847)
  • Nassarius sertulus (A. Adams, 1852 in 1852-53): synonym of (Dunker, 1847)
  • Nassarius silvardi Kool & Dekker, 2006: synonym of Reticunassa silvardi (Kool & Dekker, 2006)
  • Nassarius simoni Kool & Dekker, 2007: synonym of Reticunassa simoni (Kool & Dekker, 2007)
  • Nassarius simplex (E.A. Smith, 1880): synonym of Nassarius tango F. Scarabino, 2004
  • Nassarius skoogi (Odhner, 1923): synonym of (Odhner, 1923)
  • Nassarius smitsorum Kool, 1990:[25] synonym of (Marrat, 1880)
  • † Nassarius subincognitus Lozouet, 1999: synonym of † (Lozouet, 1999)
  • Nassarius suturalis(Lamarck, 1822): synonym of Nassarius glans (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Nassarius taenius (Gmelin, 1790): synonym of Nassarius olivaceus (Bruguière, 1789)
  • Nassarius tiarula (Kiener, 1841) - western mud nassa: synonym of Phrontis tiarula (Kiener, 1841)
  • Nassarius tinei (Maravigna in Guérin, 1840): synonym of Tritia tinei (Maravigna, 1840)
  • Nassarius tingitanus (Pallary, 1901): synonym of Tritia tingitana (Pallary, 1901)
  • Nassarius trifasciatus Adams: synonym of (Marrat, 1877)
  • Nassarius trivittatus (Say, 1822) - threeline mudsnail: synonym of Tritia trivittata (Say, 1822), synonym of Ilyanassa trivittata (Say, 1822)
  • Nassarius turulosus (Risso, 1826): synonym of Tritia turulosa (Risso, 1826)
  • Nassarius unicolor Kiener, L.C., 1834: synonym of Nassarius dorsatus (Röding, 1798)
  • Nassarius unifasciatus (Kiener, 1834): synonym of Tritia unifasciata (Kiener, 1834)
  • Nassarius versicolor (C. B. Adams, 1852): synonym of (C. B. Adams, 1852)
  • Nassarius vibex (Say, 1822) - bruised nassa: synonym of Phrontis vibex (Say, 1822)
  • Nassarius weyersi Craven: synonym of Nassarius pumilio (E.A. Smith, 1872)
  • Nassarius vaucheri (Pallary, 1906): synonym of Tritia vaucheri (Pallary, 1906)
  • Nassarius zanzibarensis Kool & Dekker, 2007: synonym of Reticunassa zanzibarensis (Kool & Dekker, 2007)
  • Nassarius zonalis (A. Adams, 1852):[26] synonym of Nassarius reeveanus (Dunker, 1847)

Synonymized subgenera[]

  • Nassarius (Aciculina) Adams, 1853 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Alectryon) Berthold in Latreille, 1827: synonym of Nassarius (Alectrion) Montfort, 1810 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Allanassa) Iredale, 1929: synonym of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Amycla) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: synonym of Nassarius (Gussonea) Monterosato, 1912
  • Nassarius (Amyclina) Iredale, 1918: synonym of Nassarius (Gussonea) Monterosato, 1912
  • Nassarius (Arcularia) Link, 1807: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
    • Nassarius (Arcularia) glabratus (Sowerby, 1842): synonym of Nassarius glabratus (Sowerby, 1842)
  • Nassarius (Austronassaria) C. Laseron & J. Laseron, 1956: synonym of Nassarius (Plicarcularia) Thiele, 1929 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Bathynassa) Ladd, 1976: synonym of Nassarius (Zeuxis) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Caesia) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Cencus) Gistel, 1848: synonym of Nassarius (Cyclope) Risso, 1826 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Chelenassa) Shuto, 1969: synonym of Nassarius (Plicarcularia) Thiele, 1929 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Cryptonassarius) Watson, R.B., 1882: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Cyclocyrtia) Agassiz, 1848: synonym of Nassarius (Cyclope) Risso, 1826 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Cyclonassa) Swainson, 1840: synonym of Nassarius (Cyclope) Risso, 1826 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Cyclope) Risso, 1826: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Cyclops) Montfort, 1810: synonym of Nassarius (Cyclope) Risso, 1826 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Demondia) Addicott, 1956: synonym of Nassarius (Caesia) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Eione) Risso, 1826: synonym of Nassarius (Plicarcularia) Thiele, 1929 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Fackia) Nordsieck, 1972: synonym of Nassarius (Gussonea) Monterosato, 1912
  • Nassarius (Glabrinassa) Shuto, 1969: synonym of Nassarius (Zeuxis) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Gussonea) Monterosato, 1912: synonym of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Hannonia) Pallary, 1914: synonym of Nassarius (Aciculina) Adams, 1853 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Hima) Gray, 1852 ex Leach, ms.: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Hinia) Gray, 1847: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Miohinia) Nordsieck, 1972: synonym of Nassarius (Hinia) Gray, 1847 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Mirua) Marwick, 1931: synonym of Nassarius (Hima) Gray, 1852 ex Leach, ms. (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Nana) Schumacher, 1817: synonym of Nassarius (Cyclope) Risso, 1826 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Nanina) Risso, 1826: synonym of Nassarius (Cyclope) Risso, 1826 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Nanarius) Woodring, 1964: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Nannia) Philippi, 1844: synonym of Nassarius (Cyclope) Risso, 1826 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Nasseburna) de Gregorio, 1890: synonym of Nassarius (Sphaeronassa) Locard, 1886 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Nassodonta) H. Adams, 1867: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Nassarius) Duméril, 1805: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Naytia) H. Adams & A. Adams 1853: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Naytiopsis) Thiele, 1929: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Neritula) Herrmannsen, 1852: synonym of Nassarius (Cyclope) Risso, 1826 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Niotha) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Pallacera) Woodring, 1964: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Phrontis) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Panormella) Costa, 1840: synonym of Nassarius (Cyclope) Risso, 1826 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Paranassa) Conrad, 1867: synonym of Nassarius (Ilyanassa) Stimpson, 1865 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Parcanassa) Iredale, 1936: synonym of Nassarius (Plicarcularia) Thiele, 1929 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Plicarcularia) Thiele, 1929: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Profundinassa) Thiele, 1929: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Proneritula) Thiele, 1929: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Psilarius) Woodring, 1964: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Pygmaeonassa) Annadale, 1924: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Retiarcularia) Shuto, 1969: synonym of Nassarius (Plicarcularia) Thiele, 1929 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Reticunassa) Iredale, 1936: synonym of Nassarius (Hima) Gray, 1852 ex Leach, ms. alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Schizopyga) Conrad, 1856: synonym of Nassarius (Caesia) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Sphaeronassa) Locard, 1886: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Tarazeuxis) Iredale, 1936: synonym of Nassarius (Telasco) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Tavanothia) Iredale, 1936: synonym of Nassarius (Niotha) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Telasco) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Tritia) A. Adams, 1853: synonym of Nassarius (Hinia) Gray, 1847 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Tritonella) A. Adams, 1852: synonym of Nassarius (Hima) Gray, 1852 ex Leach, ms. (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Usita) Noszky, 1936: synonym of Nassarius (Uzita) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Uzita) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Venassa) Martens, 1881: synonym of Nassarius (Zeuxis) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Varicinassa) Habe, 1946: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Zaphon) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: synonym of Nassarius (Caesia) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Zeuxis) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2010). Nassarius Duméril, 1806. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138235 on 2010-11-30
  2. ^ Bouzouggar, A., Barton, N., Vanhaeren, M., d'Errico, F., Collcutt, S., Higham, T., Hodge, E., Parfitt, S., Rhodes, E., Schwenninger, J.-L., Stringer, C., Turner, E., Ward, S., Moutmir, A. and Stambouli, A. 2007. "82,000-year-old shell beads from North Africa and implications for the origins of modern human behavior" Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, June 4, 2007; http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/0703877104v1
  3. ^ Study reveals 'oldest jewellery', BBC News, 22 June 2006
  4. ^ "Archeology of Exhausted Cave- A Study of Prehistoric Cultural Ecology on the Coconino National Forest, Arizona". Commons.wikimedia.org.
  5. ^ Haitao Li (李海涛), Duan Lin (林端), Hongda Fang (方宏达), Aijia Zhu (朱艾嘉) and Yang Gao (高阳), Species identification and phylogenetic analysis of genus Nassarius (Nassariidae) based on mitochondrial genes, Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, Volume 28, Number 3 / May, 2010, pp. 565-572, doi 10.1007/s00343-010-9031-4
  6. ^ Gastropods.com: Nassarius catallusl; Retrieved 28 February 2011
  7. ^ "Nassarius (Nassodonta) dorri". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
  8. ^ Gastropods.com: Nassarius (Nassarius) emilyae emilyae; Retrieved 28 February 2011
  9. ^ "Nassarius (Plicarcularia) jonasii". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
  10. ^ Gastropods.com: Nassarius miser Archived 2010-11-04 at the Wayback Machine; Retrieved 28 February 2011
  11. ^ "Nassarius (Hima) mobilis". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
  12. ^ "Nassarius (Plicarcularia) moolenbeeki". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
  13. ^ "Nassarius mundus". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
  14. ^ "Nassarius (Niotha) nigellus". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
  15. ^ "Nassarius (Zeuxis) poupini". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
  16. ^ "Nassarius (Zeuxis) pyrrhus". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
  17. ^ "Nassarius (Zeuxis) reunionensis". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
  18. ^ "Nassarius (Zeuxis) richeri". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
  19. ^ "Nassarius (Alectrion) spiratus". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
  20. ^ "Nassarius (Plicarcularia) burchardi". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
  21. ^ "Nassarius (Cryptonassarius) ephamillus". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
  22. ^ "Nassarius (Naytiopsis) granum". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 25 February 2011.
  23. ^ "Nassarius (Zeuxis) melanioides". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
  24. ^ "Nassarius karinae". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
  25. ^ "Nassarius (Nassarius) smitsorum". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
  26. ^ SysTax: Nassarius zonalis
  • Cernohorsky W. O. (1984). Systematics of the Family Nassariidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Bulletin of the Auckland Institute and Museum 14: 1-356
  • Bernard, P.A. (Ed.) (1984). Coquillages du Gabon [Shells of Gabon]. Pierre A. Bernard: Libreville, Gabon. 140, 75 plates pp
  • Kay C. Vaught (1989). Classification of the Living Mollusca. ISBN 978-0-915826-22-3.
  • Wolff, W.J.; Duiven, P.; Esselink, P.; Gueve, A. (1993). Biomass of macrobenthic tidal flat fauna of the Banc d'Arguin, Mauritania. Hydrobiologia 258(1-3): 151-163

External links[]

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