Nebo-M

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Nebo-M
AirFrontiers2018-27.jpg
Nebo-M
Country of origin Russia
Introduced2011
FrequencyVHF, UHF, L and X band
Range3800km newest domestic version export 600-1800km
Altitude600-1200km
Azimuth360 degrees
Powerdifferent for individual components

The Nebo-M[1] or Nebo-ME(in Cyrillic: 55Ж6МЕ «Небо-МЕ») also known as RLM-ME or 55Zh6ME(export version)[2] is an integrated multi-functional radar system that features a multiple programmable multi-band design radars and a central data fusion. The radar began to be investigated in 1984. The radar complex is made up of a command post module and one to three different radars which are deployed on separate 8x8 24-ton trucks. The manufacturer claims this radar system can detect 5th generation aircraft like the F-22 and F-35[3] and detect long-range ballistic missile launches. Nebo-ME is an export version with some degraded characteristics.

History[]

System has started to be designed on mobile chassis in 1999. after NATO countries attacked Federal Republic Yugoslavia in which so called stealth F-117[4] taken action and two where shot down by S-125 Neva with help of P-12 radar or P-18 radar and Russia started to perceived them as a possible future threat to their security and to counter that threat detection of such aircraft had to be done in greater ranges.[5][6][7] Production started in 2010 and system was tested on training grounds in 2011. It was publicly presented in 2012. In 2012-2013 deliveries started for Russia armed forces.[8][9]

Composition and description[]

As a system Nebo-M is a complex that features few different radars. Mainly from beginning Nebo-M represent modifications and modernization's of older VHF band Nebo SVU, the L-band Protivnik G and the S/X-band Gamma S1 on mobile chassis called in their newer variants RLM-S, RLM-D, RLM-M and command post KU-RLK.[10][11] The whole system with maximum number of radars can be deployed in 40 minutes. At minimum deployment with one radar it can not achieve all maximum ranges for detection of all types of air objects but can trace so called stealth aircraft's if deployed RLM-M. All radars from Nebo-M system can be used separately for independent deployment[12] or as pairs in deployments.

Nebo-M can exchange observed information with antiaircraft missile systems like Pantsir missile system, S-300 and S-400 or others in order to guide them towards threats.

  • RLM-M(in Cyrillic: «РЛМ-М» «РЛС метрового диапазона») or 55Zh6UME(export version RLM-ME) or Nebo-U and modernized variant Nebo-UM is 3-D VHF and UHF acquisition radar[13] and main component of Nebo-M system. It is the successor to the old 1L13 Nebo “Box Spring” radar and is easy to distinguish from it since the direction of polarization is vertical rather than horizontal. It has a range of 600 km and can track object that flies up to 8000 km/h.
RLM-M Radar
  • RLM-D(in Cyrillic: «РЛМ-Д» «РЛС дециметрового диапазона») or 55Zh6ME(export version RLM-DE) is L-band active electronically scanned array (AESA) mobile radar system designed based on older Protivnik G radar with task to conduct air surveillance on chassis of БАЗ-6909-015.[2] It can track targets at range up to 600 km and that flies at radial speed up to 18,000 km/h.
RLM-D Radar
  • RLM-S(in Cyrillic: «РЛМ-С» «РЛС сантиметрового диапазона») or in export version RLM-SE also known as GAMMA-S is X-band active electronically scanned array (AESA) mobile radar system based on older Gamma S1 64Л6 radar designed to conduct air surveillance on chassis of БАЗ-6909-015.[14]
RLM-S Radar
  • KU-RLK(in Cyrillic: «КУ РЛК») is command posts that fuses all information's from different types of radar in single radar picture. It is based on older Fundament-1E command post and is on БАЗ-6909-015 chassis.
KU-RLK Command post

Operational deployments[]

First two Nebo-M regiments were deployed in 2017 to Saint Petersburg and Kareliya.[15] Different components of Nebo-M where deployed in Syria where they were used to track among others F-35 and F-22. Nebo-M and its components are deployed in Crimea and Arctic parts of Russia among others parts of country.[16][17]

Operators[]

 Russia

References[]

  1. ^ "Радиолокационная станция «Небо-М» : Министерство обороны Российской Федерации". structure.mil.ru.
  2. ^ a b "Integrated multifunctional radar system 55Zh6ME | Catalog Rosoboronexport". roe.ru.
  3. ^ "Russia's Nebo-M radars can detect F-22, B-2, F-35 warplanes — developer". TASS.
  4. ^ "Сербский истребитель увидел "Ночного ястреба"". www.kommersant.ru. March 30, 1999.
  5. ^ "На страже воздушных рубежей". www.postkomsg.com.
  6. ^ "Увидеть "невидимку". Способна ли система С-300 засечь самолеты-"стелс"". ТАСС.
  7. ^ "Ударные дроны: настоящее и будущее | ТЕХНОЛОГИИ, ИНЖИНИРИНГ, ИННОВАЦИИ". integral-russia.ru. June 20, 2017.
  8. ^ "Мобильный радиолокационный комплекс 55Ж6М «Небо-М»". MediaRepost - главные новости часа.
  9. ^ "Рекордсмен по многофункциональности". Газета.Ru.
  10. ^ "The pioneering Nebo M combines three existing 3D radars, the VHF band... | Download Scientific Diagram". Retrieved 2021-05-23.
  11. ^ "Ancile".
  12. ^ "На вооружение радиотехнических войск ЦВО поступили новые РЛС : Министерство обороны Российской Федерации". function.mil.ru.
  13. ^ "Mobile 3D medium/high-altitude stand-by radar 55Zh6UME | Catalog Rosoboronexport". roe.ru.
  14. ^ "55Ж6М Небо-М". April 20, 2019.
  15. ^ "Russia's Nebo-M Radars Can Detect U.S. F-22 and F-35 Jets: Developer Says".
  16. ^ Крецул, Антон Лавров, Роман (November 17, 2020). "Под северным «Небо-М»: Арктику закроют новейшие радиолокаторы". Известия.
  17. ^ "Что может С-300 в поединке с истребителем F-35". ВПК.name.
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