Nemzeti Bajnokság I

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Nemzeti Bajnokság I
OTP Bank Liga logo.png
Founded1901
CountryHungary
ConfederationUEFA
Number of teams12
Level on pyramid1
Relegation toNemzeti Bajnokság II
Domestic cup(s)Magyar Kupa
International cup(s)UEFA Champions League
UEFA Europa Conference League
Current championsFerencváros (32nd title)
(2021–22)
Most championshipsFerencváros (32 titles)
TV partnersList of broadcasters
WebsiteMagyar Labdarúgó Szövetség
Current: 2021–22 Nemzeti Bajnokság I

The Nemzeti Bajnokság (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈnɛmzɛti ˈbɒjnokʃaːɡ], "National Championship"), also known as NB I, is the top level of the Hungarian football league system. The league is officially named OTP Bank Liga after its title sponsor OTP Bank.[1] UEFA currently ranks the league 28th in Europe.[2]

Twelve teams compete in the league, playing each other three times, once at home, once away, and the third match is played at the stadium that the last match was not played at. At the end of the season, the top team enters the qualification for the UEFA Champions League, while the runner-up and the third place, together with the winner of the Hungarian Cup enter the UEFA Europa League qualification round. The bottom two clubs are relegated to Nemzeti Bajnokság II, the second-level league, to be replaced by the winner and the runner up of the NB2.

History[]

The trophy of the Nemzeti Bajnokság

The first championship in 1901 was contested by BTC, MUE, FTC, Műegyetemi AFC, and Budapesti SC, with the latter winning the championship.[3] Although the two first championships were won by Budapesti TC, the other titles that decade were won by FTC and MTK.[4]

In the 1910s and 1920s, the championship was dominated by Ferencváros and MTK.[5][6]

In the 1930s, the rivalry between Ferencváros and MTK Budapest expanded with another club, Újpest FC (at that time not part of Budapest).[7] One of the most iconic figures of the 1930s Hungarian football was Újpest's Zsengellér who managed to top goalscorer three times in a row in the 1930s.[8] Ferencváros's Sárosi[9] and MTK Budapest's Cseh[10] and Újpest's Zsengellér were the embodiment of the rivalry of the three clubs from Budapest, named Budapest derby.[11]

In the 1940s, Csepel could win its first title which was followed by two other titles in 1942 and 1943.[12] During the World War II, there were no interruptions in the Hungarian league. Due to the expansion of the territories of the country, new clubs could re-join the league such as Nagyvárad[13] and Kolozsvár.[14] The second half of the 1940s was dominated by Újpest by winning the championship in 1945, 1946, and 1947.[15]

Ferenc Puskás scored 352 goals in 341 matches for Budapest Honvéd

In the 1950s, the dominance of Ferencváros and MTK weakened by the emergence of Honvéd with players such as Puskás,[16] Bozsik,[17] Czibor,[18] and Budai.[19] Later these players played in the final of the 1954 FIFA World Cup. In the 1950s, Honvéd could win the championship five times. During the early 1950s, Honvéd players formed the backbone of the legendary Mighty Magyars. In 1956, the Hungarian league was suspended due to the Hungarian Revolution. The league was led by Honvéd after 21 rounds but the championship has never been finished.[20] In the first season (1955-56) of the European Cup, MTK Budapest reached the quarter-finals while in the 1957-58 season Vasas Budapest played in the semi-finals of the European Cup.

Vasas won four titles in the 1960s (1960/61, 1961/62, 1965, and 1966).[21]

Ferencváros legend Albert with Vasas legend Mészöly in the 1960s

Ujpest dominated the 1970s, winning seven titles.[22]

In 1982, Győr won the championship becoming the first non-Budapest team who could win the Hungarian league (except Nagyvárad during the World War II). Győr could repeat the triumph in the following year in 1983. However, the 1980s was dominated by Honvéd who celebrated its second heyday during the 1980s.[23]

Due to the collapse of communism, Hungarian football clubs lost the support of the state. Therefore, many clubs were faced with financial problems the effects of which are still present in Hungarian football. However, the 1990s were still dominated by the 'traditional' clubs of the championships such as Ferencváros, MTK and Újpest. Ferencváros always finished in the top three, except for the 1993–94 season, when they finished 4th. The financial problems affected the performance of the clubs outside the Hungarian League as well. Hungarian clubs could not compete with their European counterparts. Moreover, the Bosman ruling also had a deep impact on the Hungarian League. Since big European clubs could invest loads of money into football, clubs from the Eastern Bloc were restricted to employing only home nationals.[24]

In the 2000s, new clubs became champions, mainly from rural Hungary. In 2002, Bozsik's Zalaegerszeg won the championship.[25][26] Debrecen won the Hungarian league in 2005,[27] 2006,[28][29] 2007,[30][31] 2009,[32] and 2010.[33] In 2008 MTK could win.[34]

The dominance of the rural clubs continued in the 2010s. In 2011[35] and 2015,[36] Székesfehérvár's Videoton won the championship. In 2013,[37] Győr and in 2014,[38] Debrecen could win the Hungarian League title.

Format[]

As of the 2020–21 season there are twelve clubs in the division, who play each other three times for a total of 33 games each. The bottom two clubs are relegated.[39]

Champions[]

[41]

Notes[]

  • 1901–26: Amateur era
  • 1901–08: Teams only from Budapest took part
  • 1914–15: Cancelled due to war but from 1916–18/19 war championships operated and are recognized by the FA.
  • 1926: The professional league was introduced with 10 participants also from other cities than Budapest, like Szombathely, Szeged etc.
  • 1935: The first National Championship was held. (Nemzeti Bajnokság, NB) 14 teams.
  • 1940: Hungária (MTK) was banned by the fascist government. During the war, teams from the neighboring countries participated, since the territories were adjoined to Hungary, which is how Nagyvarad became champions that year.[citation needed]
  • 1944: It was abandoned due to war.
  • 1945: New Nemzeti Bajnokság I starts.
  • 1956–57: Abandoned due to revolution.

Name changes[]

  • Budapest Honvéd FC: (Kispest)
  • Csepel FC: 1912 CSTK, 1932 Csepel FC, 1937 Weizs Manfréd FC, 1945 CSMTK, 1946 Cs. Vasas, 1957, Csepel SC)
  • Ferencvárosi TC: (1899 FTC, 1926 Ferencváros, 1949 EDOSZ, 1951 Bp. Kinizsi, 1957 Ferencváros)
  • MTK Budapest FC: 1883 MTK, 1926 Hungária, 1945 MTK, 1949 Textiles, 1951 Bp. Bástya, 1953 Vörös Lobogó, 1957 MTK, 1974 MTK-VM, 1991 MTK, 1997 MTK Hungária)
  • Újpest FC: 1885 ÚTE, 1926 Újpest, 1949 Bp. Dózsa, 1957 Újpesti Dózsa, 1991 ÚTE, 2000 Újpesti FC)

Most titles[]

Below is a ranking of the clubs by most titles won.[42]

Club Titles Winning seasons
Ferencváros
32
1903, 1905, 1906–07, 1908–09, 1909–10, 1910–11, 1911–12, 1912–13, 1925–26, 1926–27, 1927–28, 1931–32, 1933–34, 1937–38, 1939–40, 1940–41, 1948–49, 1962–63, 1964, 1967, 1968, 1975–76, 1980–81, 1991–92, 1994–95, 1995–96, 2000–01, 2003–04, 2015–16, 2018–19, 2019–20, 2020–21
MTK Budapest
23
1904, 1907–08, 1903–14, 1916–17, 1917–18, 1918–19, 1919–20, 1920–21, 1921–22, 1922–23, 1923–24, 1924–25, 1928–29, 1935–36, 1936–37, 1951, 1953, 1957–58, 1986–87, 1996–97, 1998–99, 2002–03, 2007–08
Újpest
20
1929–30, 1930–31, 1932–33, 1934–35, 1938–39, 1945, 1945–46, 1946–47, 1959–60, 1969, 1970, 1970–71, 1971–72, 1972–73, 1973–74, 1974–75, 1977–78, 1978–79, 1989–90, 1997–98
Budapest Honvéd
14
1949–50 (I), 1950 (II), 1952, 1954, 1955, 1979–80, 1983–84, 1984–85, 1985–86, 1987–88, 1988–89, 1990–91, 1992–93, 2016–17
Debrecen
7
2004–05, 2005–06, 2006–07, 2008–09, 2009–10, 2011–12, 2013–14
Vasas
6
1957, 1960–61, 1961–62, 1965, 1966, 1976–77
Győr *
4
1963, 1981–82, 1982–83, 2012–13
Csepel
4
1941–42, 1942–43, 1947–48, 1958–59
Fehérvár
3
2010–11, 2014–15, 2017–18
Budapesti TC dagger
2
1901, 1902
Vác
1
1993–94
Nagyvárad
1
1943–44
Dunaferr
1
1999–2000
Zalaegerszeg
1
2001–02

Notes:

  • † Dissolved before World War II
  • ‡ Team from Oradea, which is now located in Romania
  • * Includes Rába Vasas ETO Győr, Győri Vasas ETO

Most seasons[]

The following clubs have spent more than 50 seasons in the Nemzeti Bajnokság I. Clubs in bold compete in the 2020–21 season.

For a complete list see: Most seasons

Top scorers[]

All time top scorers[]

As of July 2021.[43]

# Name Period Clubs Goals Matches Average
1. Ferenc Szusza 1940–1961 Újpest 393 462 0.85
2. Gyula Zsengellér 1935–1947 Salgótarjáni BTC, Újpest 387 325 1.22
3. Imre Schlosser 1906–1928 FTC/MTK 361 258 1.33
4. József Takács 1920–1940 Vasas Budapest, Ferencváros, Erszébet, Szürketaxi 360 355 1.01
5. Ferenc Puskás 1943–1956 Kispest-Honvéd 357 354 1.01
6. György Sárosi 1931–1948 Ferencváros 351 383 0.92
7. Gyula Szilágyi 1943–1960 Debrecen, Vasas 313 390 0.80
8. Ferenc Deák 1944–1954 Szentlőrinc, Ferencváros, Újpest 305 238 1.28
9. Ferenc Bene 1960–1978 Újpest 303 418 0.72
10. Géza Toldi 1928–1946 Ferencváros, Gamma-Budatok, Szegedi AK, MADISZ 271 324 0.84
11 Nandor Hidegkuti 1942–1958 MTK-Hungaria 265 381 0.70
12. Flórián Albert 1959–1974 Ferencváros 256 351 0.73

Top scorer in a season[]

Correct as of 2020–21.[44]

7 times

  • Hungary Schlosser

5 times

4 times

3 times

Twice

Once

Once

Once

Players[]

One of the most notable players of the Hungarian League was Ferenc Puskás who played for Budapest Honvéd. He played for Honvéd from 1943 to 1955 and then for Real Madrid. He made his first senior appearance for Kispest in November 1943 in a match against Nagyváradi AC.[45]

Statistics[]

UEFA coefficients[]

The following data indicates Hungarian coefficient rankings between European football leagues.[46]

Attendance[]

Attendances reached peaks in 1955 and 1957.[49]

The record for highest average home attendance for a club was set by Budapest Kinizsi in 1955 (49,077 over 13 home matches). 27 March 1955 saw the record for highest attendance at a match, with 98,000 in the game between Budapest Honvéd and Budapest Kinizsi at Ferenc Puskás Stadium. The highest ever average attendance for NB I as a whole was set in 1955 with 17,151.[50]

Year Average Change
1957 17,083 /
1957/58 14,668 -14,1%
1958/59 14,659 -0,1%
1959/60 16,712 +14,0%
1960/61 15,198 -9,1%
1961/62 12,951 -14,8%
1962/63 14,184 +9,5%
1963 13,649 -3,8%
1964 16,151 +18,1%
1965 14,521 -10,1%
1966 11,951 -17,7%
1967 11,368 -4,9%
1968 9,392 -17,4%
1969 8,343 -11,2%
1970 8,668 +3,9%
Year Average Change
1970/71 7,067 -18,5%
1971/72 6,135 -13,2%
1972/73 7,208 +17,5%
1973/74 8,163 +13,2%
1974/75 8,717 +6,8%
1975/76 10,108 +16,0%
1976/77 8,834 -12,6%
1977/78 8,026 -9,1%
1978/79 6,606 -17,7%
1979/80 7,588 +14,9%
1980/81 6,835 -9,9%
1981/82 7,039 +3,0%
1982/83 9,576 +36,0%
1983/84 7,896 -17,5%
1984/85 7,812 -1,1%
Year Average Change
1985/86 7,581 -3,0%
1986/87 7,683 +1,3%
1987/88 7,977 +3,8%
1988/89 6,925 -13,2%
1989/90 5,888 -15,0%
1990/91 5,307 -9,9%
1991/92 5,586 +5,2%
1992/93 5,398 -3,4%
1993/94 5,355 -0,8%
1994/95 5,842 +9,1%
1995/96 4,965 -15,0%
1996/97 4,443 -10,5%
1997/98 5,786 +30,2%
1998/99 5,009 -13,4%
1999/00 3,686 -26,4%
Year Average Change
2000/01 4,420 +12,0%
2001/02 3,961 -10,4%
2002/03 3,396 -14,3%
2003/04 3,406 +0,3%
2004/05 3,291 -3,4%
2005/06 3,136 -4,7%
2006/07 2,755 -12,1%
2007/08 2,975 +8,0%
2008/09 2,953 -0,7%
2009/10 3,115 +5,5%
2010/11 2,812 -9,7%
2011/12 3,858 +37,2%
2012/13 2,844 -26,3%
2013/14 2,993 +5,2%
2014/15 2,505 -16,3%
Year Average Change
2015/16 2,602 +3,9%
2016/17 2,705 +4,0%
2017/18 2,907 +7,5%
2018/19 3,300 +16,0%
2019/20 3,467 * +5,1%
  • In season 2019/20 198 was played, however only 160 games were played without covid-19 limitations.

554,741 tickets were sold for 160 games without crowd limitations - season`s average 3,467 per game. 599,676 tickets were sold for all 198 games - season`s average 3,029 per game, not including 8 games behind close doors, 190 games - season`s average 3,156 per game.

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ "Az OTP Bank az NB I új névadó szponzora" [OTP Bank is the new title sponsor of NB I] (in Hungarian). 23 June 2011. Archived from the original on 12 March 2012. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
  2. ^ UEFA.com. "Member associations - UEFA Coefficients - Country coefficients". UEFA.com.
  3. ^ "1901.évi bajnokság". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation.com. 1 June 2015. Retrieved 31 March 2017.
  4. ^ "Hungary - List of Final Tables 1901-1910". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation.com. 1 June 2015.
  5. ^ "Hungary - List of Final Tables 1911-1920". RSSSF. 5 April 2007. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  6. ^ "Hungary - List of Final Tables 1921-1930". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation.com. 25 June 2015. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  7. ^ "Újpest FC". magyarfutball.hu. 14 April 2016.
  8. ^ "Gyula Zsengellér". magyarfutball.hu. 14 April 2016.
  9. ^ "György Sárosi". magyarfutball.hu. 14 April 2016.
  10. ^ "László Cseh". magyarfutball.hu. 14 April 2016.
  11. ^ "Hungary - List of Final Tables 1931-1940". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation.com. 1 June 2015.
  12. ^ "Csepel SC". magyarfutball.hu. 14 April 2016.
  13. ^ "Nagyváradi AC". magyarfutball.hu. 14 April 2016.
  14. ^ "Kolzsvári AC". magyarfutball.hu. 14 April 2016.
  15. ^ "Hungary - List of Final Tables 1941-1950". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation.com. 1 June 2015.
  16. ^ "Ferenc Puskás". magyarfutball.hu. 14 April 2016.
  17. ^ "József Bozsik". magyarfutball.hu. 14 April 2016.
  18. ^ "Zoltán Czibor". magyarfutball.hu. 14 April 2016.
  19. ^ "László Budai". magyarfutball.hu. 14 April 2016.
  20. ^ "Hungary - List of Final Tables 1951-1960". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation.com. 1 June 2015.
  21. ^ "Hungary - List of Final Tables 1961-1970". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation.com. 1 June 2015.
  22. ^ "Hungary - List of Final Tables 1971-1980". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation.com. 1 June 2015.
  23. ^ "Hungary - List of Final Tables 1981-1990". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation.com. 1 June 2015.
  24. ^ "Hungary - List of Final Tables 1991-2000". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation.com. 1 June 2015.[permanent dead link]
  25. ^ "Hungary round-up: Zalaegerszeg zoom to top". UEFA.com. 4 May 2002. Retrieved 4 May 2002.
  26. ^ "Hungary round-up: All too easy for Zalaegerszeg". UEFA.com. 15 March 2002. Retrieved 15 March 2002.
  27. ^ "First at last for Debrecen". UEFA.com. 20 May 2005.
  28. ^ "Debrecen clinch title at the death". UEFA. 3 June 2006.
  29. ^ "Debrecen did it again". UEFA. 19 June 2006.
  30. ^ "Debrecen sign off in style". UEFA. 4 June 2007.
  31. ^ "Debrecen awaits victory parade". UEFA. 16 May 2007.
  32. ^ "Debrecen wrap up Hungarian honours". UEFA. 23 May 2009.
  33. ^ "Debrecen complete double with Hungarian Cup". UEFA. 26 May 2010.
  34. ^ "MTK claim title after five-year wait". UEFA. 26 May 2008.
  35. ^ "Hungarian League 2010–11: Champions Videoton proud of historic success". UEFA.com. 12 May 2011. Retrieved 12 May 2011.
  36. ^ "Videoton champions of Hungary again". UEFA.com. 4 May 2015.
  37. ^ "Gutsy Győr crowned Hungarian champions". UEFA.com. 12 May 2013.
  38. ^ "Debrecen crowned champions of Hungary". UEFA.com. 1 June 2014.
  39. ^ "NB 1: 2014/2015". Soccerway. Perform. Retrieved 29 March 2016.
  40. ^ "MLSZ: 12 csapattal indul az NB I, dán modell a lebonyolításban". Nemzeti Sport. 2 June 2015.
  41. ^ "List of champions". rsssf.com.
  42. ^ Támas Kárpáti (28 July 2016). "Hungary - List of Champions". RSSSF. Retrieved 2 April 2017.
  43. ^ "Hungary - All-Time Topscorers". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation.com. July 2000.
  44. ^ "Hungary - Topscorers". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation.com. Retrieved 1 August 2021.
  45. ^ Glanville, Brian (17 November 2006). "Obituary: Ferenc Puskas". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 27 November 2006.
  46. ^ "UEFA European Cup Coefficients Database". Bert Kassies. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
  47. ^ "UEFA Country Ranking 2021 – kassiesA – Xs4all".
  48. ^ {{cite web|title=Club coefficients|url=http://www.90minut.pl/ranking_uefa.php?i=1&id_sezon=97
  49. ^ "Hungarian attendances". Retrieved 15 March 2019.
  50. ^ "magyarfutball.hu: Nézőszámok". Retrieved 15 March 2019.

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