Neosuchia

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Neosuchia
Temporal range: Early Jurassic - Recent, 196.5–0 Ma
PreꞒ
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Goniopholis BW.jpg
Goniopholis
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Clade: Metasuchia
Clade: Neosuchia
Suborders and families

Neosuchia is a clade within Mesoeucrocodylia that includes all modern extant crocodilians and their closest fossil relatives.[1] It is defined as the most inclusive clade containing all crocodylomorphs more closely related to Crocodylus niloticus (the Nile Crocodile) than to Notosuchus terrestris.[2] Neosuchia is very diverse and may be polyphyletic, as the clade has undergone many revisions since it was first named in 1988.[3] Members of Neosuchia generally share a crocodilian-like bodyform adapted to freshwater aquatic life, as opposed to the terrestrial habits of more basal crocodylomorph groups.[4] The earliest neosuchian is suggested to be the Early Jurassic Calsoyasuchus, which lived during the Sinemurian and Pliensbachian stages, often identified as a member of Goniopholididae,[5] though this is disputed, and the taxon may lie outside Neosuchia, which places the earliest records of the group in the Middle Jurassic.[4]

Characteristics[]

A tooth notch between the maxilla and premaxilla is a basal characteristic of the Neosuchia, although it is lost in some more derived forms, most notably alligatorids.

Classification[]

Phylogeny[]

Below is a cladogram showing the phylogenetic relationships of neosuchians from Buscalioni et al., 2011:[6]

Neosuchia

Theriosuchus

Goniopholis

Bernissartia fagesii

Susisuchus anatoceps

Las Hoyas neosuchian

Eusuchia

Isisfordia duncani

Hylaeochampsidae

Hylaeochampsa vectiana

Iharkutosuchus

Pietraroiasuchus ormezzanoi

Pachycheilosuchus trinquei

Allodaposuchus sp.

Allodaposuchus precedens

Crocodylia

Borealosuchus sternbergii

Borealosuchus formidabilis

Borealosuchus wilsoni

Borealosuchus acutidentatus

Gavialoidea

Eothoracosaurus mississippiensis

Thoracosaurus macrorhynchus

Thecachampsoides minor

Eogavialis africanum

Gavialis gangeticus

Siquisiquesuchus venezuelensis

Gryposuchus colombianus

Brevirostres

Pristichampsus

Alligatoroidea

Leidyosuchus canadensis

Diplocynodon darwinii

Baryphracta deponiae

Brachychampsa montana

Stangerochampsa mccabei

Alligator mississippiensis

Paleosuchus trigonatus

Caiman yacare

Caiman latirostris

Melanosuchus niger

Navajosuchus mooki

Hassiacosuchus haupti

Crocodyloidea

Asiatosuchus germanicus

Prodiplocynodon langi

Crocodylus affinis

Brachyuranochampsa eversolei

Crocodylus acer

Australosuchus clarkae

Crocodylus megarhinus

Crocodylus cataphractus

Crocodylus porosus

Osteolaemus tetraspis

Crocodylus robustus

Kentisuchus spenceri

Gavialosuchus americanus

Tomistoma schlegelii

Tomistoma lusitanica

In 2012, paleontologists Mario Bronzati, Felipe Chinaglia Montefeltro, and Max C. Langer conducted a broad phylogenetic analysis to produce supertrees of Crocodyliformes, including 184 species. The most parsimonious trees were highly resolved, meaning the phylogenetic relationships found in the analysis were highly likely. Below is a consensus tree from the study:[7]

Neosuchia

Khoratosuchus jintasakuli

Stolokrosuchus lapparenti

Atoposauridae

Pachycheilosuchus trinquei

Montsecosuchus depereti

Atoposaurus

Alligatorellus beaumonti

Alligatorium

Sabresuchus symplesiodon

Theriosuchus pusillus

Theriosuchus guimarotae

Goniopholididae

Eutretauranosuchus delfsi

Calsoyasuchus valliceps

Sunosuchus miaoi

Sunosuchus junggarensis

Vectisuchus leptognathus

Siamosuchus phuphokensis

Goniopholis stovalli

Goniopholis simus

Amphicotylus lucasii

Goniopholis crassidens

Goniopholis baryglyphaeus

Laganosuchus thaumastos

Bernissartia fagesii

Leidyosuchus canadensis

Las Hoyas Neosuchia

Glen Rose Form

Shamosuchus djadochtaensis

Rugosuchus nonganensis

Susisuchus jaguaribensis

Susisuchus anatoceps

Eusuchia

Isisfordia duncani

Allodaposuchus precedens

Iharkutosuchus makadii

Hylaeochampsa vectiana

Crocodylia

Boverisuchus vorax

Borealosuchus wilsoni

Borealosuchus sternbergii

Borealosuchus formidabilis

Borealosuchus acutidentatus

Elosuchus

Pholidosaurus purbeckensis

Pholidosaurus decipiens

Terminonaris robusta

Sarcosuchus imperator

Sarcosuchus hartti

Dyrosauridae

Oceanosuchus boecensis

Sokotosuchus ianwilsoni

Chenanisuchus lateroculi

Phosphatosaurus gavialoides

Cerrejonisuchus improcerus

Dyrosaurus phosphaticus

Dyrosaurus maghribensis

Arambourgisuchus khouribgaensis

Hyposaurus rogersii

Congosaurus bequaerti

Guarinisuchus munizi

Rhabdognathus sp.

Atlantosuchus coupatezi

Rhabdognathus keiniensis

Rhabdognathus aslerensis

Thalattosuchia

Pelagosaurus typus

Teleosauridae

"Mystriosaurus"

Platysuchus multiscrobiculatus

Steneosaurus larteti

Steneosaurus edwardsi

Steneosaurus durobrivensis

Steneosaurus boutilieri

Steneosaurus bollensis

Machimosaurus hugii

Steneosaurus priscus

Steneosaurus baroni

Steneosaurus leedsi

Steneosaurus heberti

Steneosaurus gracilirostris

Steneosaurus brevior

Steneosaurus pictaviensis

Peipehsuchus teleorhinus

Teleosaurus cadomensis

Steneosaurus megarhinus

Metriorhynchoidea

Teleidosaurus calvadosii

Eoneustes bathonicus

Eoneustes gaudryi

Metriorhynchus sp. Chile

Zoneait nargorum

M. aff. M. brachyrhynchus

Purranisaurus potens

Purranisaurus casamiquelai

Suchodus durobrivensis

Suchodus brachyrhynchus

Gracilineustes acutus

Gracilineustes leedsi

Metriorhynchus superciliosus

Metriorhynchus geoffroyii

Metriorhynchus sp.

Metriorhynchus hastifer

Dakosaurus sp. Mexico

Plesiosuchus manselii

Dakosaurus maximus

Dakosaurus andiniensis

Neptunidraco ammoniticus

Torvoneustes carpenteri

Geosaurus lapparenti

Geosaurus grandis

Geosaurus giganteus

Metriorhynchus indet.

Rhacheosaurus gracilis

Geosaurus sp. Cuba

Cricosaurus saltillense

Cricosaurus elegans

Cricosaurus suevicus

Cricosaurus gracilis

Cricosaurus vignaudi

Cricosaurus araucanensis

Cricosaurus schroederi

Cricosaurus macrospondylus

See also[]

  • Koumpiodontosuchus aprosdokiti

References[]

  1. ^ Wilson, J. A.; Malkani, M. S.; Gingerich, P. D. (2001). "New crocodyliform (Reptilia, Mesoeucrocodylia) from the Upper Cretaceous Pab Formation of Vitakri, Balochistan (Pakistan)" (PDF). Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan. 30 (12): 321–336. Retrieved 2009-11-02.
  2. ^ Larsson, H. C. E.; Sidor, C. A.; Gado, B.; Gado, B (2001). "The giant crocodyliform Sarcosuchus from the Cretaceous of Africa" (PDF). Science. 294 (5546): 1516–1519. doi:10.1126/science.1066521. PMID 11679634. S2CID 22956704. Retrieved 2009-11-02.
  3. ^ Benton, M. J. & Clark, J. M. (1998). Archosaur phylogeny and the relationships of the Crocodylia, p. 289-332. In Benton, M.J. (ed.), The Phylogeny and Classification of Tetrapods, Vol. 1 ., Clarendon Press, Oxford.
  4. ^ a b Wilberg, Eric W.; Turner, Alan H.; Brochu, Christopher A. (2019-01-24). "Evolutionary structure and timing of major habitat shifts in Crocodylomorpha". Scientific Reports. 9 (1): 514. Bibcode:2019NatSR...9..514W. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-36795-1. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6346023. PMID 30679529.
  5. ^ Tykoski, R. S.; Rowe, T. B.; Ketcham, R. A.; Colbert, M. W. (2002). "Calsoyasuchus valliceps, a new crocodyliform from the Early Jurassic Kayenta Formation of Arizona" (PDF). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 22 (3): 593–611. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2002)022[0593:CVANCF]2.0.CO;2. Retrieved 2009-11-02.
  6. ^ Buscalioni, A.D.; Piras, P.; Vullo, R.; Signore, M.; Barbera, C. (2011). "Early eusuchia crocodylomorpha from the vertebrate-rich Plattenkalk of Pietraroia (Lower Albian, southern Apennines, Italy)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 163: S199–S227. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00718.x.
  7. ^ Bronzati, M.; Montefeltro, F. C.; Langer, M. C. (2012). "A species-level supertree of Crocodyliformes". Historical Biology. 24 (6): 598–606. doi:10.1080/08912963.2012.662680. S2CID 53412111.

External links[]

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