New Trier High School

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New Trier High School
New Trier logo.png
New Trier High School, Winnetka campus.jpg
Main campus, Winnetka
Address
Wikimedia | © OpenStreetMap
385 Winnetka Avenue

Winnetka
,
Illinois
60093

United States
Coordinates42°05′40″N 87°43′09″W / 42.09454°N 87.71914°W / 42.09454; -87.71914
(Winnetka)
42°05′27″N 87°45′53″W / 42.09088°N 87.76478°W / 42.09088; -87.76478
(Northfield)
Information
School typePublic secondary
Motto"To commit minds to inquiry, hearts to compassion, and lives to the service of humanity."
Established1901
School districtNew Trier Township High School District 203
SuperintendentDr. Paul Sally[1]
CEEB code144430
PrincipalDenise Dubravec (Winnetka)[2]
Paul Waechtler (Northfield)[3]
Teaching staff369[4]
Grades9–12
Enrollment4,040[4] (2020)
Average class size22.2[4]
CampusSuburban
Campus sizeLarge
Color(s)  Blue
  Green
Athletics conferenceCentral Suburban League
NicknameTrevians
RivalEvanston Township High School; Loyola Academy
PublicationLogos[7] and Calliope
NewspaperNew Trier News[8]
Freshman Focus[9]
Sophomore Journal[10]
Examiner[11] Near True News
YearbookTrevia
Nobel laureatesJack Steinberger
(Physics, 1988)[12]
Websitewww.newtrier.k12.il.us

New Trier High School (/ˈtrɪər/, also known as New Trier Township High School or NTHS) is a public four-year high school, with its main campus for sophomores through seniors located in Winnetka, Illinois, United States, and a freshman campus in Northfield, Illinois, with freshman classes and district administration. Founded in 1901, the school serves the Chicago suburbs of Wilmette, Kenilworth, Winnetka, Glencoe, and Northfield as well as portions of Northbrook, Glenview, and unincorporated Cook County.[13] New Trier's seal depicts the Porta Nigra, a symbol of Trier, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.[14] The athletic teams are known as the Trevians, an archaic demonym for the people of Trier.

History[]

New Trier district and locations
New Trier became the first high school in America with a swimming pool[citation needed]

New Trier High School opened its doors for the first time on February 4, 1901, welcoming 76 students.[15] In 1913, it became the first American high school with an indoor swimming pool.[16][citation needed] In 1920, the inaugural edition of The New Trier News was published. In 1934, the track and field team won the school's first IHSA state championship (as of 2017, New Trier leads all Illinois high schools in the number of athletic state championships). In 1965, the New Trier West Campus (which, as of 2017, serves the school's freshman students) was opened in the village of Northfield.

In the 1950s, New Trier became the first American high school with an educational, non-commercial FM broadcast license for a radiated station (WNTH, 88.1 FM). By 1970 New Trier was home to the nation's first public high school-based CCTV instructional station, ITV, which broadcast educational programming to township elementary schools via microwave signals. Students operated WNTH under a faculty advisor, ITV was operated by students under professional television technical and programming staff.

By 1962, student enrollment was more than 4,000. Some 20 "temporary" trailer classrooms lined the rear of the building, which had been designed for 3,000. To accommodate the growing baby boomer student body, voters approved a referendum for New Trier to purchase forty-six acres of land in Northfield.[15] Chicago architecture firm Perkins and Will was selected to design a campus of curricular buildings clustered around a central library and administration building. The resulting modernist design was widely noted in secondary education architecture literature and practice, and emulated by Winnetka's Carleton Washburne junior high school several years later.

Freshman campus in Northfield, Illinois

"New Trier West" opened to freshmen and sophomores in 1965. What had been "New Trier," at 385 Winnetka Avenue in Winnetka, became "New Trier East." In 1967, New Trier West was dedicated as a separate four-year high school. U.S. Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare John Gardner keynoted the dedication, which was also attended by U.S. Senator Charles Percy ('37), and Congressman Donald Rumsfeld ('50).

Enrollment reached an all-time peak of 6,558 students in 1972. By 1981, enrollment had dropped significantly. As a result, the school board decided to combine the East and West schools and convert New Trier West into the freshman-only campus. The division of freshmen (at the former New Trier West) from upperclassmen (at the former New Trier East) lasted from September 1981 until June 1985. By then enrollment had declined enough for the board to bring all students under one roof, close the former New Trier West, and convert the Northfield campus into a community recreation space. The campus later housed a senior center, corporate dormitories, a public swimming pool, and an alternative high school program known as West Center Academy.

The 1987-88 New Trier School Board proposed selling the New Trier West Campus in Northfield to facilitate a $10–12 million renovation project at the East Campus. Their decision to sell the property was based on a demographers report and a reluctance to raise property taxes to cover the NT East revamp. The demographer, however, expressed caution about relying on predictions that exceeded a 10-year span stating in part that ". . .after 10 years, greater risk emerges of unanticipated events invalidating even the most scientifically-based projection methods." Concerned about another spike in (school) population and the need to retain the 42.5 acre Campus for future generations, local citizen advocates formed "The Coalition for the Future of New Trier". In March 1988 the Coalition forced the issue to referendum which, backed by broad community support, resulted in a successful ratification of the Coalition's position. The Campus was retained and subsequently rented to various entities until it was again needed as additional space for a growing NT student population. According to research it took less than two decades for the combined New Trier enrollment to exceed 4,000 students. The Coalition has never been acknowledged publicly for their significant role as a catalyst in retaining the 42.5-acre New Trier West Campus.

New Trier was featured in the December 9, 1996, issue of Time in an article entitled "High Times at New Trier High." Among other claims, the article stated that "New Trier kids who smoke pot" were "by all accounts more than three-fifths of the student body," compared with national averages at the time closer to 33%. However, on the school's WNTH's radio program, the writer acknowledged that the "three-fifths" claim had been inadvertently rewritten during the editing process in such a way that seemed to imply that more than 60% of New Trier students may be regular users of marijuana, whereas that figure should have been clearly labeled as the portion of students who had ever used marijuana, including many who had used it only once or twice [17]

In 2017, the school neared completion of a $104.9 million renovation and addition project at its East Campus, which replaced three aging buildings on the west side of the campus with the addition of a new student cafeteria, a new library, more than two dozen classrooms for core English, math, social studies, language and business program classes, new art labs, applied arts classroom spaces in the basement for STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) programming, space for the school's radio and broadcasting programming, two green roofs, and two new theaters.[18]

Jonathan Kozol wrote a book called Savage Inequalities in 1991 that discussed the harsh conditions in the poorest school districts in the United States, making a correlation between inequality and racial separation and segregation.[19] In the book, Kozol contrasted New Trier High School's spending per student to impoverished schools within Chicago.[19]

In 2016, Newsweek magazine ranked New Trier as the top open-enrollment high school in Illinois and the 17th best high school in the country.[20]

Administration[]

As of 2017, the New Trier Township High School Board of Education's members are mostly from Glencoe and Wilmette.[21] As of September 1, 2017, the current superintendent of New Trier Township High School District 203 is Dr. Paul Sally. He replaced Dr. Linda L. Yonke, the first woman to hold the position,[22] at the end of June 2017.[23]

Academics[]

Profile and recognition[]

New Trier spends more than $15,000 yearly per student, well above the state average of $8,786.[24] It has been included in the "Top Hundred" and "Most Successful" lists of the National Association of Secondary School Principals, The New York Times,[citation needed] The Washington Post,[citation needed] and Parade magazine.[citation needed] The school was identified as "quite possibly the best public school in America" by Town & Country, in a six-page article on New Trier that cited the "rich" and "demanding" curriculum, extensive arts and activities, strong participation in athletics, and faculty of the caliber typically found teaching at good colleges.[25] Life also recognized New Trier as one of the best high schools in America with cover stories in 1950 and 1998.[26]

In the class of 2017, 23 students were National Merit finalists, 27 were National Merit semifinalists, 71 received letters of commendation and 442 were Illinois State Scholars. For this same class, the average composite ACT score was 27.8, the highest in Illinois for an open enrollment public school and among the top school scores in the United States. The class of 2018 scored an average 28.0 composite on the ACT, the highest ever for New Trier, and the highest in Illinois for open enrollment schools.[citation needed] According to an article by the University of Michigan Department of Psychology, "New Trier students outperform their Illinois classmates on every conceivable measure."[24] The article also points out that 92% of the school's funding comes from the high property taxes of its affluent surroundings. Approximately 98% of the class of 2014 went on to enroll in college.

New Trier ensembles or individuals have received 39 awards in the Downbeat Student Music Awards program. A record-setting seven of these were achieved in 2007 alone.[27] More than 1,100 students participate in the music department. The student-run Soundtraks Club produces all 24 concerts a year, webcast live on the internet at ntjazz.com,[28] on local cable television, and in stereo on WNTH radio.

New Trier was named a Grammy Signature School Gold recipient by the Grammy Foundation[29] in 2000 for its commitment to music education, and was named the National Signature School in 2007 as the nation's top high school music program.[30] In April 2006, the school's Concert Choir and Symphony Orchestra performed in New York City at Carnegie Hall. In the summer of 2000, the school's Jazz Ensemble, Chamber Orchestra and Bluegrass Band enjoyed a successful two-week concert tour of China.

Subject levels[]

New Trier has practiced subject-level grouping for over fifty years.[31] In this system, up to four different levels of difficulty are offered for each academic subject. Level 2E is considered a general level. Levels 2, 3 and 4 are college preparatory, honors, and high honors levels, respectively. Level 5 was reserved for Advanced Placement classes and other college-level classes, such as multivariable calculus and linear algebra, but the level was phased out beginning with the class of 2011. (All 5-level courses are currently counted as 4-level.) Students may work at different levels in different subjects. Other levels include 8 and 9. Level 8 classes are counted for elective credit and level 9 classes, a combination of level 2, 3, and 4 students (i.e. 2+3+4=9) are graded as level 3 classes.

New Trier offers both unweighted and weighted grade point averages (GPA), and plus and minus grades are reported on transcripts. In calculating a weighted GPA, grades in a student's coursework are given different values depending on the level in which the grade is earned. For example, an "A" in a 2-level course is weighted at 4.00, while in levels 3 and 4 the values are 4.67 and 5.33, respectively (an "A" in a 5-level AP class is worth 5.67). In 2009, New Trier announced that for the 2010–2011 school year the level 5 will be eliminated. A.P. classes will be weighted to level 4.[31]

Since the late 1990s, the Board of Education has been examining how to encourage students to pursue a strong academic career without their focusing too much on their class rank. The first step taken by the administration was to eliminate the process of reporting class rank and to switch to decile ranking. Around the same time, the scale for weighted GPA calculations was modified and plus and minus grades were implemented. In 2008, New Trier eliminated the reporting of ranks in a class entirely.[citation needed]

Student life[]

Athletics[]

Official logo of the New Trier Trevians

[32]

New Trier's mascot is the Trevian, named after soldiers from the city of Trier, Germany during the Roman Empire. The Trevian mascot was chosen in recognition of the fact that the Grosse Pointe area of Wilmette was largely settled by immigrants from Trier, Germany. From 1901 to 1948, the school's sports teams were known as the "Terriers" and "Green Wave." During the 1948–49 school year they were renamed "Indians", reflecting the school's location in the Indian Hill section of Winnetka. When the new campus in the western part of the district opened in 1965, the new school's sports team was known as the "Cowboys". The year before the two schools merged in 1981, a number of student forums were held on both the East and West campuses, giving students the opportunity to provide feedback on potential school colors and nicknames. After a series of student votes, the school adopted "Trevians" as a team name and green, blue, and gray as the school colors (East having previously been green and gray, while West was blue, gray, and white). During the 2004–2005 school year the mascot was named "Trevius Maximus" after conducting a student poll.[citation needed]

New Trier's biggest conference rival is Evanston Township High School. Their football rivalry is one of the oldest uninterrupted sports rivalries in the history of high school sports, dating back over 100 years. Both schools compete in the Central Suburban League conference. The two annual basketball games New Trier plays against Evanston draw so many people that from 2001 to 2013 they were held at Northwestern University's larger Welsh-Ryan Arena; more recent competitions at Evanston's and New Trier's facilities frequently fill to capacity. New Trier's biggest non-conference rival is Loyola Academy, which is located in Wilmette, just down the road from the Northfield campus.[citation needed]

With more than 120 state championships, New Trier High School currently has more than any other high school in Illinois.[33] New Trier also leads the state in both boys' and girls' state titles.[33] The sports in which New Trier has the most IHSA-sponsored state titles are boys' swimming and diving (24), boys' tennis (19), girls' swimming and diving (13), boys' golf (9), girls' tennis (9), and girls' badminton (8).[34][35] New Trier has been strong in the sport of baseball, twice as state champions, winning in 2000 and 2009.[36] New Trier has also historically been strong at non-IHSA sponsored sports, including 18 Great Lakes High School Fencing Conference (formerly Midwest High School Fencing) championships in men's fencing and 10 in women's fencing,[37] fifteen state titles (Blackhawk Cup) in boys' ice hockey,[38] twelve state championships in boys' lacrosse, 1995, 1998, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2019[39] six state titles in girls' ice hockey, six state titles in girls' golf (2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2010, 2012, 2017) and six runners up in girls' golf,[40] 20 national championships in boys' rowing,[41] 7 national championships in girls' rowing,[41] nine state championships in girls' field hockey, six state championships in girls' lacrosse,[42] and one state championship in girls' cross country.[43] The top varsity ice hockey team for boys, New Trier Green, won the first ever USA Hockey High School National Championship title in 2010,[44] and repeated as champions in 2011.[45]

In May 2005, New Trier was ranked #12 in Sports Illustrated's list of the "Top 25 High School Sports Programs in America," and first in Illinois.[46][47]

The athletic facilities include the Leslie Gates Gymnasium for basketball; two natatoriums for swimming, diving, and water polo; Phelps Field for lacrosse, encircled by the Doug Chase Track; the Robert Naughton Field at New Trier Stadium for football, soccer, and lacrosse; the Duke Childs Fields for baseball and softball; gyms for volleyball; courts for tennis; a wrestling room with four mats, and an indoor field house.[citation needed]

New Trier Swim Club[]

The New Trier Swim Club (NTSC) is nationally recognized[48] for swimming excellence and the development of young adult leaders in athletics and education. NTSC swimmers compete at the national level of swimming,[49][50] including the 2004 and 2008 Olympic Trials. The NTSC has consistently placed in the top 5 of all teams in the state of Illinois,[51] and has been recognized by USA Swimming as a Silver Medal Club for the past four years.

Activities[]

There are over 150 different extracurricular activities at New Trier, including the student-loved "Cereal Club".[52] Although some date back to the founding of the school, and have strong traditions (like Tri-Ship, the all boys service club), others are much newer and consist of only a few members.[citation needed]

Lagniappe-Potpourri[]

New Trier's Lagniappe-Potpourri is an annual student-written, student-choreographed, student-composed, student-directed, student-managed, student-built and student-performed variety show.[53] The show began as two separate productions, Lagniappe and Potpourri, at the east and west campuses respectively. In 1981, the two campuses combined, causing the two shows to merge into Lagniappe-Potpourri.[54]

Debate[]

New Trier's debate program has flourished in recent years, with two students receiving the top speaker award at the Tournament of Champions,[55] which only allows the top 72 teams in the nation to compete through a system of qualification. The school has also placed teams in the top 16 in recent years.[56] New Trier has also had students either go to the final or win in the Illinois High School Association's state debate tournament in all four divisions, winning the 2011 and 2013 championship in Public Forum.[57] In 2017 they won the championship in Lincoln-Douglas debate.[58]

Philanthropy[]

Each of the four official class governments (Sophomore and Junior Steering Committees and the Freshman and Senior Senates) makes significant annual donations to various philanthropic causes throughout the community, state, country, and world. Every year since 2001, the Senior Senate has fully funded the construction of a house in conjunction with Habitat for Humanity of Lake County, Illinois, a non-profit organization that fights homelessness and substandard housing. A recent goal of the campaign was 10 houses in 10 years, and the class of 2010 fulfilled that goal. New Trier is the only school so far to build 10 houses with Habitat. Many fundraisers contribute to this and various other causes over the course of the academic year. The New Trier Tsunami Relief Committee donated more than $18,000 to relief organizations to save people who were affected by the tsunami, and also helped victims of the Indian Ocean tsunami in December 2004.[59]

Frank Mantooth Jazz Festival[]

The jazz festival began in 1983 and takes place on the first Saturday of February. Each year, the event brings in around fifty high school and junior high jazz ensembles from the Great Lakes region and Canada to perform during the day. The high school groups attend clinics with jazz educators and composers from around the country. Seminars are also held throughout the day on improvisation, transcription, and music business, as well as instrument masterclasses. A jazz combo and college big band perform in the afternoon, while the evening concert features New Trier's top jazz ensemble and a professional big band. Past groups have included the Buddy Rich Big Band (led by Dave Weckl), the Woody Herman Orchestra, the Count Basie Orchestra, the Artie Shaw Orchestra, the Duke Ellington Orchestra, the Toshiko Akiyoshi-Lew Tabackin Jazz Orchestra, the Vanguard Jazz Orchestra, the Chicago Jazz Ensemble (led by Jon Faddis), the Bob Mintzer Big Band, Gordon Goodwin's Big Phat Band, the Mingus Big Band, Maynard Ferguson, and Dizzy Gillespie.[60] The festival was renamed in 2005 after Frank Mantooth when the jazz musician, educator, and composer died just days before the 2004 festival.[61]

In the movies[]

Scenes from Home Alone were shot at the high school's west campus in Northfield.[62]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ "New Trier - New Trier District 203 Board selects Dr. Paul Sally as next Superintendent". www.newtrier.k12.il.us.
  2. ^ "New Trier - Dubravec, Denise Ann". newtrier.k12.il.us.
  3. ^ Freshman campus administration Archived January 23, 2015, at the Wayback Machine
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b c "2020 Illinois Report Card for New Trier Twp HSD 203; accessed 09 Jan 2021" (PDF). isbe.net.
  5. ^ "Page Not Found" (PDF). www.newtrier.k12.il.us. Cite uses generic title (help)
  6. ^ "2017 Illinois Report Card for New Trier Twp HSD 203; accessed 03 Dec 2017" (PDF). isbe.net.
  7. ^ Logos homepage; accessed 9 June 2009 Archived July 16, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  8. ^ "New Trier News – The student news site of New Trier High School". www.newtriernews.org.
  9. ^ NT Focus site; accessed 9 June 2009 Archived July 16, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  10. ^ NT Journal homepage; accessed 9 June 2009 Archived October 6, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  11. ^ NT Examiner homepage; accessed 9 June 2009 Archived March 10, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  12. ^ "Jack Steinberger - Biographical". nobelprize.org.
  13. ^ "Township Map". www.newtrier.k12.il.us.
  14. ^ Maes, Nancy. "The Making of 'One Great School'". chicagotribune.com. Retrieved 2021-03-18.
  15. ^ Jump up to: a b "New Trier | A Brief History of New Trier". newtrier.k12.il.us. Retrieved 2020-01-20.
  16. ^ Whitcomb, Susan (Fall 2011). "100 Years of New Trier High School Swimming and Diving". Winnetka Historical Society. Retrieved March 17, 2021.
  17. ^ "New Trier Finds Life in Spotlight Can be Bit Harsh". Chicagotribune.com.
  18. ^ Routliffe, Kathy (September 19, 2017). "Work Finally Winding Down at New Trier's Winnetka Campus'". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved September 19, 2017.
  19. ^ Jump up to: a b Kozol, Jonathan. Savage Inequalities.
  20. ^ "America's Top High Schools 2016". newsweek.com. 11 August 2016.
  21. ^ New Trier Board of Education | New Trier Township High School Archived May 5, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  22. ^ "New Trier | Retirement Celebration". newtrier.k12.il.us. Retrieved 2021-01-09.
  23. ^ "New Trier | New Trier District 203 Board selects Dr. Paul Sally as next Superintendent". www.newtrier.k12.il.us. Retrieved 2021-01-09.
  24. ^ Jump up to: a b Dompierre, Adam. "New Trier High School". Unequal Education: New Trier High School and Camden High School. Archived from the original on 2012-12-15. Retrieved 2007-05-22.
  25. ^ Maeroff, Gene I. (June, 1986). "Let's Hear it for New Trier". Town and Country Monthly, p. 147.
  26. ^ "Life Cover for 10/16/1950". Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-05-22.
  27. ^ "New Trier High School Jazz: About Us: Jazz Ensemble I". www.ntjazz.com.
  28. ^ DESiGN, iNTRIX. "New Trier Jazz". ntjazz.com.
  29. ^ Grammy Foundation
  30. ^ "The Grammy Foundation Announces the 2007 Grammy Signature Schools". Archived from the original (MS Word Document) on September 27, 2007. Retrieved 2007-05-22.
  31. ^ Jump up to: a b "New Trier High School 2006–2007 Profile" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2007-05-22.
  32. ^ IHSA. "Records & History". www.ihsa.org.
  33. ^ Jump up to: a b "Page Not Found". www.ihsa.org. Cite uses generic title (help)
  34. ^ "IHSA Team Titles Won". Illinois High School Association. Retrieved 2007-05-22.
  35. ^ "IHSA Team Titles Won". Illinois High School Association. Retrieved 2011-05-18.
  36. ^ "IHSA Team Titles Won". Illinois High School Association. Retrieved 2010-12-29.
  37. ^ "Great Lakes High School Fencing Conference". Archived from the original on October 28, 2014.
  38. ^ Seigel, Austin (22 March 2019). "New Trier knocks off Loyola, reclaims state title". National Hockey League. Retrieved 4 June 2019.
  39. ^ "Boys Lacrosse". New Trier Township High School. Archived from the original on May 24, 2013. Retrieved 1 December 2013.
  40. ^ IHSA Records and History
  41. ^ Jump up to: a b [1] Archived July 16, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  42. ^ "Girls Lacrosse". New Trier Township High School. Archived from the original on December 3, 2013. Retrieved 1 December 2013.
  43. ^ Girls Cross Country | New Trier Township High School Archived February 25, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
  44. ^ [2] Archived August 23, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  45. ^ "New Trier Hockey Wins National Championship". 28 March 2011.
  46. ^ Huff, Doug (2005-05-13). "Top Sports High Schools: Best by state". Sports Illustrated. Archived from the original on May 13, 2007. Retrieved 2007-05-22.
  47. ^ Menez, Gene; A. Woo; D. Huff (2005-05-11). "Best High School Athletic Programs". Sports Illustrated. Archived from the original on May 12, 2007. Retrieved 2007-05-22. Requires subscription to view entire article.
  48. ^ "Swim Clubs". USA Swimming. Archived from the original on 14 September 2012. Retrieved 24 November 2012.
  49. ^ New Trier Swim Club claims 3rd in state http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1N1-110D56A82D59A268.html[dead link]
  50. ^ Swim club sends four to Nationals http://www.pioneerlocal.com/glencoe/sports/highschools/694202,gl-ntswimclub-121307-s1.article Archived 2007-12-18 at the Wayback Machine
  51. ^ Illinois Swimming Recognized: http://www.ilswim.org/links/index.htm#n Archived 2009-04-12 at the Wayback Machine
  52. ^ "Activities Opportunities". New Trier Township High School. Archived from the original on May 27, 2011. Retrieved 2008-08-29.
  53. ^ "Lagniappe Potpourri". Retrieved 2019-08-17.
  54. ^ Casey, Sean. "Lagniappe-Potpourri: through the ages". New Trier News. Retrieved 2019-08-17.
  55. ^ http://ukdebate.wikispaces.com/file/view/PF_spkrs.pdf
  56. ^ Planet Debate | Blogs – TOC Policy Results!
  57. ^ Illinois High School Association (March 24, 2011). "Congratulations to all of the 2011 IHSA Debate Event State Champions..." Facebook. Archived from the original on July 31, 2012.
  58. ^ "New Trier | Debate team brings home two state championships". www.newtrier.k12.il.us. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
  59. ^ "WNTH Radio-thon". WNTH. Archived from the original on May 4, 2006. Retrieved 2007-05-22.
  60. ^ "New Trier High School Jazz: Jazz Festival: Past Performers". ntjazz.com.
  61. ^ [3] Archived July 17, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  62. ^ Dougherty, Margot; Gerosa, Melina (1990-12-07). "Home Alone's Macaulay Culkin". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2009-01-03.

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