Nicole Brown Simpson
Nicole Brown Simpson | |
---|---|
![]() Brown in 1993 | |
Born | Nicole Brown May 19, 1959 Frankfurt, West Germany |
Died | June 12, 1994 Brentwood, Los Angeles, California, U.S. | (aged 35)
Cause of death | Homicide by stabbing and slashing[1] |
Resting place | Ascension Cemetery, Lake Forest, California, US 33°39′04″N 117°41′37″W / 33.6512°N 117.6935°W |
Spouse(s) | |
Children | 2 |
Nicole Brown Simpson (née Brown; May 19, 1959 – June 12, 1994) was the ex-wife of former professional American football player O. J. Simpson, to whom she was married from 1985 to 1992, and the mother of their two children, Sydney and Justin.
She was killed at her home in Los Angeles, California, on June 12, 1994, along with her friend, restaurant waiter Ron Goldman, two years after her divorce from Simpson. Simpson, who had a legal history of physically abusing, stalking and making death threats toward Brown, was arrested and charged with both killings. Despite a controversial and highly publicized criminal trial with both circumstantial and physical evidence that linked Simpson to the killings, Simpson was acquitted of all charges, though he was later found liable for both deaths in a civil lawsuit in 1997.
Early life[]
Brown was born on May 19, 1959, in Frankfurt, West Germany,[2][3] to Juditha Anne "Judy" Brown (née Baur, January 21, 1931 – November 8, 2020) and Louis Hezekiel "Lou" Brown, Jr. (August 10, 1923 – July 3, 2014).[4][5] Her mother was German and her father was American.[3][6] After moving to the US she attended Rancho Alamitos High School in Garden Grove, California, and later Dana Hills High School in Dana Point, California, where she graduated in 1977.[7]
Relationship with O. J. Simpson[]
Brown met Simpson in 1977[8] when she was eighteen years old and working as a waitress at a Beverly Hills private club called The Daisy.[9][10][11][12] Although Simpson was still married to his first wife, Marguerite, who was pregnant with their daughter Aaren, the two began dating. Simpson and Marguerite divorced in March 1979.[13] Simpson and Brown were married on February 2, 1985,[14] five years after his retirement from professional football.[13][15][16] The marriage lasted seven years, during which time they had two children, Sydney (b. 1985) and Justin (b. 1988).[17] Simpson physically abused Brown during their marriage. According to a police report of an incident that occurred on New Year's Day, 1989, Simpson shouted "I don’t want that woman (Brown) sleeping in my bed anymore! I got two women, and I don’t want that woman in my bed anymore."[3] Though Brown called the police multiple times, they only arrested him once, after which he pleaded no contest to spousal abuse in 1989.[18][19] Brown later dropped the charges after her parents refused to help her and instead pushed her to reconcile with Simpson, as Simpson had set her father up with a lucrative Hertz dealership that was bringing the Brown family a huge income. Brown eventually filed for divorce on February 25, 1992, citing irreconcilable differences.[20] At the time of their split, Simpson informed Brown of an affair that he had for one-year with Tawny Kitaen in which he gave her expensive diamond earings and ended when Kitaen married David Coverdale in 1989.[21][22][23][24] Following the divorce, Simpson and Brown got back together.[25] Audio released during the murder trial of O. J. Simpson revealed that Brown called 9-1-1 on October 25, 1993, crying and saying that "He [Simpson] is going to beat the shit out of me."[26] When the police arrived, Brown was secretly recorded by Sgt. Craig Lally. "He gets a very animalistic look in him," Brown stated. "All his veins pop out, his eyes are black and just black, I mean cold, like an animal. I mean very, very weird. And when I see it, it just scares me." Brown also stated Simpson hadn't hit her in four years.[27] Several months after this incident, the relationship would end for a second and final time[26] when Nicole moved out of their shared home with help from her real estate agent friend Robin Greer.
Death[]
Brown lived at 875 South Bundy Drive in Brentwood, Los Angeles, California, with her two children.[28][29][30] On the evening of Sunday, June 12, 1994, Brown, aged 35, was stabbed to death outside her home along with her friend, 25-year-old restaurant waiter Ron Goldman. Her body was found shortly after midnight on June 13. She was lying in the fetal position in a pool of blood.[31] An autopsy determined that Brown had been stabbed seven times in the neck and scalp, and had a 14 cm-long (5.5 inches) gash across her throat, which had severed both her left and right carotid arteries and breached her right and left jugular veins.[31] The wound on Brown's neck was so severe it had penetrated a depth of 1.9 cm (0.75 inches) into her cervical vertebrae,[31] nearly decapitating her.[26][32] She also had defensive wounds on her hands.[31]
Brown's funeral was held on June 16 at the St. Martin of Tours Catholic Church in Brentwood,[33] with mourners including Simpson and their children,[34] members of Brown's family, Al Cowlings, house guest Kato Kaelin, and Steve Garvey.[35] Brown is buried in Ascension Cemetery[36] in Lake Forest, California.[37][38]
Aftermath[]
O.J. Simpson was tried for the killings of both Brown and Goldman. In October 1995, after a public trial that lasted nearly nine months and presented both circumstantial and physical evidence that Simpson had killed both victims, he was controversially acquitted.[39] Though Denise Brown continued to assert that Simpson murdered Nicole, Lou and Juditha Brown both expressed their support for Simpson and their relief that he would be reunited with his children. In a 1997 civil trial filed by Fred Goldman, Ron Goldman's father, a jury found him liable for the wrongful deaths of Brown and Goldman and awarded $33.5 million in damages to the Goldmans. Simpson would later be jailed for an unrelated armed robbery at a Las Vegas hotel in 2008.[40][41]
In 1996, after the conclusion of the trial, a judge granted Simpson's petition to give him full custody of Sydney and Justin.[42] Brown's parents continued unsuccessfully to fight for custody[43][44][45] until their deaths.
Following the deaths of Brown and Goldman, the townhouse at the site of their killing, 875 South Bundy Drive,[28][29][30] sat empty for two years, until the next owner extensively remodeled it and had the address changed.[46]
Filmmaker Ezra Edelman, who directed the documentary O.J.: Made in America, dedicated his Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature to both Brown and Goldman in his acceptance speech.
Foundation[]
A foundation, Nicole Simpson Foundation, was established in 1994 in her memory.[47] Later renamed the Nicole Brown Charitable Foundation, it reportedly cut back on grantmaking in 1999 due to a drop in donations and questionable management practices.[48][49]
Portrayals[]
Jessica Tuck portrayed Brown in the 1995 television movie The O. J. Simpson Story. Brown was portrayed by Sandra Olson in Reenactment of the Century. In 2013, it was announced Charlotte Kirk would portray Brown in Nicole & O.J.. Mena Suvari most recently portrayed Brown in The Murder of Nicole Brown Simpson.
See also[]
- List of unsolved murders
- O. J. Simpson robbery case
References[]
Citations[]
- ^ Turvey, Brent E. (February 1995). "An Overview of the Medicolegal Evidence Regarding: The State of California v. Orenthal James Simpson, Case: BA097211" Archived August 4, 2018, at the Wayback Machine. Knowledge Solutions.
- ^ Schmalleger 1996, p. 2.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Hubler, Shawn; Trounson, Rebecca (July 3, 1994). "Dreams of Better Days Died That Night". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
- ^ Schindehette, Susan (August 1994). "To Live and Die in L.A." People. Vol. 42 no. 5. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
- ^ Gates, Anita (July 6, 2014). "Louis Brown Jr., Nicole Simpson's Father, Dies at 90". The New York Times. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
- ^ Weller 1995, pp. 76–77. sfn error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFWeller1995 (help)
- ^ Weller 1995, pp. 84, 122. sfn error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFWeller1995 (help)
- ^ Bugliosi 1997, p. 175; Weller 1995, pp. 6, 123 sfnm error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFWeller1995 (help).
- ^ Weller 1995, p. 123. sfn error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFWeller1995 (help)
- ^ "The Victims". O.J. Simpson Trial News. CNN. February 3, 1985. Archived from the original on February 3, 2014. Retrieved February 23, 2014.
- ^ Hubler, Shawn; Trounson, Rebecca (July 6, 1994). "Nicole Simpson Was Dominated by Her Husband Since She Was a Teenager". The Baltimore Sun. Archived from the original on February 1, 2014. Retrieved February 23, 2014.
- ^ Alison Martino (August 29, 2014). "The Daisy in Beverly Hills". Vintage Los Angeles.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Taylor Gibbs 1996, pp. 126–128.
- ^ Weller 1995, p. 184. sfn error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFWeller1995 (help)
- ^ Lange, Vannatter & Moldea 1997, p. 115.
- ^ Rimer, Sara (June 23, 1994). "The Simpson Case: The Victim; Nicole Brown Simpson: Slain At the Dawn of a Better Life". The New York Times. Retrieved March 23, 2016.
- ^ "Child Custody Decision". Courtroom Television Network. Archived from the original on January 10, 2009. Retrieved March 4, 2016.
- ^ Hunt 1999, p. 61.
- ^ "Judge Allows Evidence of Domestic Violence in O. J. Simpson Murder Case". Jet. Vol. 87 no. 13. Chicago: Johnson Publishing Company. February 6, 1995. p. 51. ISSN 0021-5996. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
- ^ Taylor Gibbs 1996, p. 136.
- ^ Surprise letter: Nicole wrote O.J. Simpson 'beat holy hell' out of her by Linda Deutsch (January 13, 1997) from Associated Press website
- ^ 'National Enquirer Investigates' Reveals O.J. Simpson's Many Mistresses by Radar staff (May 24, 2018) from Radar website
- ^ Actress, music video star Tawny Kitaen dead at 59 by Joe Erwin (May 8, 2021) from Daily News website
- ^ Tawny Kitaen Dead: Cause of Death Not Clear for ’80s Music Video Icon by Jessica McBride (May 8, 2021) from Heavy.com website
- ^ Weller, Sheila (June 12, 2014). "How O.J. and Nicole Brown's Friends Coped with Murder in Their Midst". Vanity Fair. Retrieved August 29, 2017.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Anolik, Lili (June 2014). "It All Began with O. J.". Vanity Fair. Vol. 56 no. 6. New York: Condé Nast. pp. 108ff. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
- ^ "Trial Journal". sfgate.com.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Simpson & Fenjves 2006.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Margolick, David (July 25, 1995). "Simpson Expert Supports Conspiracy-Theory Defense". The New York Times. p. 9. Retrieved September 22, 2017.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Siegel, Jessica (June 13, 1995). "Gawkers Flock to Crime Scene on Bundy Avenue 1 Year Later". Chicago Tribune.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Bugliosi 1997, p. 19.
- ^ Guerrasio, Jason (June 16, 2016). "O.J. Simpson Never-Before-Seen Crime-Scene Photos". Business Insider. Retrieved August 30, 2017.
- ^ Shapiro 2009.
- ^ Weller, Sheila (1995). Raging Heart: The Intimate Story of the Tragic Marriage of O.J. and Nicole Brown Simpson. Cited in Dear 2012.
- ^ Cerasini 1994, p. 257.
- ^ Weller 1995, p. 36. sfn error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFWeller1995 (help)
- ^ Hernandez, Greg (October 4, 1995). Los Angeles Times. Missing or empty
|title=
(help); Missing or empty|url=
(help) - ^ Hardesty, Greg. Orange County Register. Santa Ana, California: Freedom Communications http://www.ocregister.com/2008/09/29/nicole-brown-simpsons-little-sister-grows-up. Retrieved September 22, 2017. Missing or empty
|title=
(help) - ^ Aamir, Sumayah (July 7, 2014). "Nicole Brown Simpson's Father Dies 20 Years After Her Murder". i4u News. Retrieved July 7, 2014.
- ^ Auther, Jennifer; Feldman, Charles; LaMotte, Greg (February 4, 1997). "Jury Unanimous: Simpson Is Liable". CNN. Retrieved June 16, 2008.
- ^ "Court: Simpson Still Liable for $33.5M Judgment". NBC5. The Associated Press. February 21, 2008. Archived from the original on October 9, 2008. Retrieved June 16, 2008.
- ^ Goldberg, Carey (December 26, 1996). "Simpson Wins Custody Fight for 2 Children by Slain Wife". The New York Times. Retrieved March 10, 2009.
- ^ Okeke-Ibezim 1997, pp. 110ff.
- ^ Morello, Carol (December 21, 1996). "Judge Awards O.J. Simpson Custody of His Children". The Philadelphia Inquirer. p. A1. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved July 4, 2014.
- ^ "OJ Faces Further Battle over Child Custody". BBC News. November 11, 1998. Retrieved July 4, 2014.
- ^ Walker, Theresa (June 17, 2014). "Lingering Questions from the O.J. Simpson Chase". Orange County Register. Santa Ana, California: Freedom Communications. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
- ^ Reyes, David (July 19, 1995). "The O.J. Simpson Murder Trial: Nicole Simpson Foundation Gives Shelter $10,000". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 21, 2017.
- ^ Reza, H. G. (January 4, 1999). "The Brown Foundation Cuts Back on Giving". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 21, 2017.
- ^ "Nicole Brown Simpson Charit Foundation – GuideStar Profile". www.guidestar.org. Retrieved July 21, 2017.
Sources[]
- Bugliosi, Vincent (1997) [1996]. Outrage: The Five Reasons Why O. J. Simpson Got Away with Murder. New York: Dell Publishing. ISBN 978-0-440-22382-5.
- Cerasini, Marc (1994). O.J. Simpson: American Hero, American Tragedy. New York: Windsor Publishing Corporation. ISBN 978-0-7860-0118-7.
- Dear, William C. (2012). O. J. Is Innocent and I Can Prove It: The Shocking Truth About the Murders of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron Goldman. New York: Skyhorse Publishing. ISBN 978-1-63220-072-3.
- Hunt, Darnell M. (1999). O. J. Simpson Facts and Fictions: News Rituals in the Construction of Reality. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511489204. ISBN 978-0-521-62468-8.
- Lange, Tom; Vannatter, Philip; Moldea, Dan E. (1997). Evidence Dismissed: The Inside Story of the Police Investigation of O. J. Simpson. New York: Pocket Books.
- Okeke-Ibezim, Felicia (1997). O.J. Simpson: The Trial of the Century. New York: Ekwike Publications. ISBN 978-0-9661598-0-6.
- Schmalleger, Frank (1996). Trial of the Century: People of the State of California vs. Orenthal James Simpson. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-235953-5.
- Shapiro, Robert L. (2009) [1996]. The Search for Justice: A Defense Attorney's Brief on the O.J. Simpson Case. Boston: Grand Central Publishing. ISBN 978-0-446-57007-7.
- Simpson, O. J.; Fenjves, Pablo (2006). If I Did It (cancelled ed.). ReganBooks.
- Taylor Gibbs, Jewelle (1996). Race and Justice: Rodney King and O. J. Simpson in a House Divided. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. ISBN 978-0-7879-0264-3.
- Weller, Sheila (1995). Raging Heart: The Intimate Story of the Tragic Marriage of O.J. and Nicole Brown Simpson. New York: Pocket Books. ISBN 978-0-671-52145-5.
External links[]
- "Case Files: Simpson". Court TV. Archived from the original on February 3, 2004. Court TV's complete coverage of the O. J. Simpson murder case.
- Nicole Brown Simpson at Find a Grave
- Nicole Brown Simpson at IMDb
- "Nicole Brown Simpson's Death". Famously Dead.
- 1959 births
- 1994 deaths
- Burials in Orange County, California
- Deaths by stabbing in California
- German emigrants to the United States
- German people of American descent
- Incidents of violence against women
- O. J. Simpson murder case
- People from Brentwood, Los Angeles
- People from Frankfurt
- People murdered in Los Angeles