Nitobe Jūjirō

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Nitobe Jūjirō (新渡戸 十次郎, 1820 – 1868)[1] was a samurai of Morioka of the late Edo period.[1] His father was Nitobe Tsutō.[1][2] His sons were Shichirō and Inazō.[1][2][3]

Life[]

Nitobe Jūjirō was born in Hanamaki on July 20, 1820.[4][5] His father was Tsutō(傳).[1] His posthumous name was Tsunenori(常訓).[3] When Jūjirō was just born, Jūjirō's grandfather Koretami bought the anger of the Morioka Domain and Koretami was exiled to Tanabe.[2][6][5] In 1857, he was appointed Sanbongi Shinden Goyogakari (new rice field affairs official in Sanbongi).[4]He worked with his father to cultivate and successfully watered the artificial river Ina River.[4] In 1860, he planned a new town(at the time, This town is now in Towada), Inaoi-chō, in the shape of a 12-town, four-way grid pattern, which is said to be the forerunner of modern city planning.[4][7] He died on January 18, 1868.[8] His death is said to have been a great deal of disappointment for his father, his family and the townspeople.[8]

Family[]

Depending upon the source, Nitobe Jūjirō and the entire Nitobe clan are descendants of either the Minamoto clan or the Taira clan (specifically,  [ja][9]'s branch).[2][10] Tsunetane's grandson,  [ja] (常秀, Tsunetane's son Tanemasa(胤正)'s son[11]) took over Nitobe in Shimotsuke Province.[2] Tsunehide continued inheritance with Tsunechika (常親), Yasutane (泰胤), Tsunesato (常邑), Tsunesada (常貞)、Sadatsuna (貞綱), Sadahiro (貞広), Hiromori (広盛), Tsunemochi (常望) Tsunetada (常忠), Tsunenobu (常信) , and Nobumori (信盛) from generation to generation.[2] Sadatsuna lived in Nitobe and died in 1309.[12] During the Nanboku-chō period, Sadahiro and his son Hiromori both fought on the Southern Court side.[12] Sadahiro died in 1337.[2] Hiromori died in Shinano in 1351 during the war.[2][12] Tsunetada and his son Tsunenobu both served Ashikaga Mitsukane and Mochiuji of the Kantō kubō.[12] After Tsunenobu's death, his son Nobumori returned to Nitobe.[12] Nobumori's daughter was Moriyori(盛頼)'s wife.[12] As for the inheritor, Nobumori welcomed the clan, Motoyoshi Narizumi(元良成澄)'s child, Moriyori (盛頼) as an adopted child, and became Nitobe for the first time.[2] Moriyori continued inheritance with Yoritane (頼胤), Yoshitane (良胤), Tanemochi (胤望), Yorinaga (頼長), Taneshige (胤重), and Tokiharu (春治) from generation to generation.[2] Tokiharu's third son Tsunetsuna (常綱, popular name was Densuke(伝助)) split up and became a Hanamaki Kyūjin (upper class retainers).[2] Before Tsunetsuna became Kyūjin, Tsunetsuna served .[2] After Tsunetsuna's death, Tsunetsuna's second son Sadaaki (貞紹, popular name was Denzō(伝蔵)) inherited.[2] After Sadaaki, Yoshiaki (義紹, popular names were Kyūsuke(九助), Densuke(伝助), and Heizo(平蔵)) inherited.[2] After Yoshiaki's death, Yoshiaki's nephew (Yoshiaki's brother Tsunekatsu(常佸)'s son) Tsunemochi (常以) inherited.[2] After Tsunemochi's death, Tsunemochi's brother Tsunetoki (常言, popular name was Denzō(伝蔵)) inherited.[2] After Tsunetoki, Tsuneyoshi (常贇, popular name was Densuke(伝助)) inherited.[2] Tsuneyoshi was Jūjirō's Great-grandfather.[2] Tsuneyoshi married Jūjirō's great-grandmother Oei (おゑい, daughter of Ōta Hidenori (太田秀典) of Hanamaki).[13] Tsuneyoshi Died in 1803.[2] Jūjirō's grandfather was Koretami (維民, Inheritance to the reign of Nanbu Toshitaka.)[2] Jūjirō's father was Tsunezumi (常澄, Nitobe Tsutō).[2] Jūjirō's brother was Ōta Tokitoshi), and Jūjirō's sons were Shichirō (七郎) and Inanosuke (稲之助, Inazō).[3][2]

References[]

Citations[]

  1. ^ a b c d e Iwate Historical Biography Committee.『岩手県姓氏歴史人物大辞典』1998, pp. 288-289.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Iwate Historical Biography Committee.『岩手県姓氏歴史人物大辞典』1998, pp. 971-974.
  3. ^ a b c Kenʼichi Iida (1989). Kagaku to gijutsu. Iwanami Shoten. p. 23. OCLC 646833310.
  4. ^ a b c d "人物用語集". NITOBE MEMORIAL MUSEUM. Retrieved 2019-12-07.
  5. ^ a b "＜資料館紹介＞新渡戸記念館と新渡戸家三代". NITOBE MEMORIAL MUSEUM. Retrieved 2019-12-07.
  6. ^ Tōkyō Joshi Daigaku. Nitobe Inazō Kenkyūkai (1969). Nitobe Inazō kenkyū. Shunjūsha. pp. 380–381. OCLC 19361230.
  7. ^ Kokusho Kankōkai, 1981. pp. 105, 115–116.
  8. ^ a b Kokusho Kankōkai, 1981. p. 116.
  9. ^ Chiba clan.
  10. ^ Tōkyō Joshi Daigaku. Nitobe Inazō Kenkyūkai (1969). Nitobe Inazō kenkyū. Shunjūsha. pp. 366–367. OCLC 19361230.
  11. ^ Kokusho Kankōkai, 1981. pp. 109–110.
  12. ^ a b c d e f Tōkyō Joshi Daigaku. Nitobe Inazō Kenkyūkai (1969). Nitobe Inazō kenkyū. Shunjūsha. pp. 367–368. OCLC 19361230.
  13. ^ Tōkyō Joshi Daigaku. Nitobe Inazō Kenkyūkai (1969). Nitobe Inazō kenkyū. Shunjūsha. pp. 373, 380. OCLC 19361230.

Works cited[]

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