Nu (letter)
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Nu /ˈnjuː/ (uppercase Ν lowercase ν; Greek: νι ni [ni]) is the 13th letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals it has a value of 50. It is derived from the ancient Phoenician language nun . Its Latin equivalent is N, though the lowercase resembles the Roman lowercase v ().
The name of the letter is written νῦ in Ancient Greek and traditional Modern Greek polytonic orthography, while in Modern Greek it is written νι [ni].
Letters that arose from nu include Roman N and Cyrillic Н.
Symbology[]
The uppercase Nu is not used internationally in scientific or mathematical contexts, because it is normally identical to Latin N. The lower-case letter ν is used as a symbol for:
- Mathematics:
- Degree of freedom in statistics.
- The greatest fixed point of a function, as commonly used in the μ-calculus.
- Free names of a process, as used in the π-calculus.
- One of the Greeks in mathematical finance, known as "vega".
- The p-adic order or p-adic valuation of a number.
- Physics:
- Kinematic viscosity in fluid mechanics.
- The frequency[1] of a wave in physics and other fields; sometimes also spatial frequency; wavenumber
- The specific volume in thermodynamics.
- Poisson's ratio, the ratio of strains perpendicular with and parallel with an applied force.
- Any of three kinds of neutrino in particle physics.
- The number of neutrons released per fission of an atom in nuclear physics.
- Molecular vibrational mode, νx where x is the number of the vibration (a label).
- The true anomaly, an angular parameter that defines the position of a body moving along an orbit (see orbital elements).
- Biology:
- A DNA polymerase found in higher eukaryotes and implicated in translesion synthesis.
- Chemistry:
- The stoichiometric coefficient.
- Psychology:
- The maximum conditioning possible for an unconditioned stimulus in the Rescorla-Wagner model.
Character encodings[]
Greek Nu/Coptic Ni[]
Encodings of Greek Nu and Coptic Ni.[2]
Preview | Ν | ν | Ⲛ | ⲛ | ||||
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Unicode name | GREEK CAPITAL LETTER NU | GREEK SMALL LETTER NU | COPTIC CAPITAL LETTER NI | COPTIC SMALL LETTER NI | ||||
Encodings | decimal | hex | decimal | hex | decimal | hex | decimal | hex |
Unicode | 925 | U+039D | 957 | U+03BD | 11418 | U+2C9A | 11419 | U+2C9B |
UTF-8 | 206 157 | CE 9D | 206 189 | CE BD | 226 178 154 | E2 B2 9A | 226 178 155 | E2 B2 9B |
Numeric character reference | Ν |
Ν |
ν |
ν |
Ⲛ |
Ⲛ |
ⲛ |
ⲛ |
Named character reference | Ν | ν | ||||||
DOS Greek | 140 | 8C | 164 | A4 | ||||
DOS Greek-2 | 181 | B5 | 231 | E7 | ||||
Windows 1253 | 205 | CD | 237 | ED | ||||
TeX | \nu |
BBX Mathematical Nu[]
Preview |
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