Oeyo

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Ōmidaidokoro

於江与

Oeyo
Oeyo.jpg
Portrait of Oeyo
Born
Ogo (小督)

1573
DiedOctober 26, 1626(1626-10-26) (aged 52–53)
Edo Castle, Musashi, Japan
Spouse(s)Saji Kazunari
Toyotomi Hidekatsu
Tokugawa Hidetada
Parents
  • Azai Nagamasa (father)
  • Oichi (mother)
FamilyJapanese Crest mitumori Kikkou ni Hanabishi.svg Azai clan
Goshichi no kiri inverted.svg Toyotomi clan
Tokugawa family crest.svg Tokugawa clan
HonoursJunior First Rank (従一位, 1626)

Oeyo (於江与), Gō (江), Ogō (小督) or Satoko (達子) : 1573 – September 15, 1626) was a prominently-placed female figure in the Azuchi–Momoyama period and early Edo period. She was daughter of Oichi and the sister of Yodo-dono and Ohatsu. When she rose to higher political status during the Tokugawa shogunate, she took the title of "Ōmidaidokoro". Following the fall of the Council of Five Elders, Oeyo and her sisters were key figures in maintaining a diplomatic relationship between the two most powerful clans of their time, Toyotomi and Tokugawa. Due to her great contributions to politics at the beginning of the Edo period she was posthumously inducted into the Junior First Rank of the Imperial Court, the second highest honor that could be conferred by the Emperor of Japan.

Oeyo married three times, first to Saji Kazunari, her cousin, then to Toyotomi Hideyoshi's nephew, Toyotomi Hidekatsu. She had a daughter with Hidekatsu named Toyotomi Sadako later married Kujō Yukiie. Her third and last husband Tokugawa Hidetada became the second Tokugawa shōgun. She was also the mother of his successor Iemitsu, the third shōgun. She had Senhime, Tamahime, Katsuhime, Hatsuhime, Takechiyo (Iemitsu), and Tadanaga. Hatsuhime was adopted by Oeyo's sister Ohatsu, who is the wife of Kyōgoku Takatsugu.

Surviving record books from merchants of luxury goods provide insight into patterns of patronage and taste amongst the privileged class of women like Oeyo and her sisters.[1]

Genealogy[]

Oeyo, also known as Ogō, was the third and youngest daughter of the Sengoku-period daimyō Azai Nagamasa. Her mother, Oichi was the younger sister of Oda Nobunaga.[2] Toyotomi Hideyoshi became the adoptive father and protector of Oeyo in the period before her marriage.[3]

Oeyo's oldest sister, styled Yodo-dono, Cha-Cha in birth name, was a prominent concubine of Hideyoshi who gave birth to his heir, Toyotomi Hideyori.[2]

Oeyo's middle sister, Ohatsu was the wife of Kyōgoku Takatsugu and the mother of Kyōgoku Tadataka.[2]

Family[]

  • Father: Azai Nagamasa
  • Mother: Oichi
  • Step-Father: Shibata Katsuie
  • Foster Father: Toyotomi Hideyoshi
  • Husbands:
  • Children:

by Hidekatsu[]

  • Toyotomi Sadako (1592–1658), adopted by Toyotomi Hideyoshi and Yodo-dono later married Kujō Yukiie and later adopted by Tokugawa Hidetada

by Hidetada[]

  • Senhime
  • Tamahime
  • Katsuhime
  • Hatsuhime
  • Tokugawa Iemitsu
  • Tokugawa Tadanaga
  • Tokugawa Masako

Timeline[]

  • 1573: Born
  • 1573: Azai Nagamasa and committed suicide, Oichi and her daughters returned to Oda clan.
  • 1579: Moved to Azuchi Castle from
  • 1582: Oda Nobunaga was betrayed
  • 1582: Oichi married to Shibata Katsuie
  • 1583: Shibata Katsuie and Oichi committed suicide
  • 1583: Married Saji Kazunari
  • 1584: Divorced with Saji Kazunari
  • 1587: Ohatsu married Kyōgoku Takatsugu
  • 1589: Yodo-dono gave birth to
  • 1591: Yodo-dono's son, died
  • 1591: Married with Toyotomi Hidekatsu and moved to Jurakudai
  • 1592: Toyotomi Hidekatsu died
  • 1592: Gave birth to
  • 1593: Yodo-dono gave birth to Toyotomi Hideyori
  • 1595: Toyotomi Hidetsugu committed suicide and Jurakudai was dismantled
  • 1595: Married Tokugawa Hidetada.[3]
  • 1597: May 26: Gave birth to Sen-hime
  • 1599: Aug. 1: Gave birth to Tama-hime (died 9 August 1622)
  • 1601: June 12: Gave birth to Katsu-hime (died 20 March 1672)
  • 1601: Tamahime married Maeda Toshitsune
  • 1602: Aug. 25: Gave birth to Hatsu-hime (died 16 April 1630)
  • 1603: Senhime married to Toyotomi Hideyori
  • 1603: June 3: Toyotomi Sadako married Kujō Yukiie
  • 1604: Aug. 12: Gave birth to Iemitsu
  • 1605: Hidetada becomes shogun
  • 1606: June 12: Gave birth to Tadanaga
  • 1607: Nov. 23: Gave birth to Matsu-hime Tokugawa Masako
  • 1607: Sadahime gave birth to Nijō Yasumichi
  • 1607: Hatsu-hime married Kyōgoku Tadataka
  • 1609: Sadahime gave birth to Kujō Michifusa
  • 1611: Katsuhime married Matsudaira Tadanao
  • 1613: Tamahime give birth to Kametsuru-hime
  • 1615: Toyotomi Hideyori and his mother Yodo-dono committed suicide, Osaka Castle burned and Senhime returned to .
  • 1615: Sadahime gave birth to Matsudono Michimoto
  • 1615: Tamahime gave birth to Maeda Mitsutaka
  • 1616: Tamahime gave birth to Eihime
  • 1616: Senhime married to Honda Tadatoki
  • 1616: Katsuhime gave birth to Matsudaira Mitsunaga
  • 1617: Tamahime's daughter, Eihime died
  • 1617: Tamahime gave birth to Maeda Toshitsugu
  • 1617: Katsuhime gave birth to Kamehime
  • 1618: Senhime gave birth to (Honda) Katsuhime
  • 1618: Tamahime gave birth to Maeda Toshiharu
  • 1618: (Tokugawa) Katsuhime gave birth to Tsuruhime
  • 1619: Senhime gave birth to Kochiyo
  • 1619: Tamahime gave birth to Mitsuhime
  • 1620: Masako married Emperor Go-Mizunoo
  • 1621: Senhime's son, died
  • 1621: Tamahime gave birth to Tomihime
  • 1622: Katsuhime divorced Matsudaira Tadanao and went back to Tokugawa clan with her children.
  • 1622: Tamahime gave birth to Natsuhime and died during childbirth
  • 1623: daughter of Tamahime, Natsuhime died
  • 1623: Iemitsu becomes shogun
  • 1623: Iemitsu married
  • 1624: Tokugawa Masako gave birth to Empress Meishō
  • 1625: Masako gave birth to Onna-ni-no-Miya
  • 1626: Honda Tadatoki died, Senhime went back to with her daughter
  • 1626: Died while Hidetada and Iemitsu were in Kyoto
  • 1626: Received the posthumous court rank of Jūichi-i

Burial[]

After Hidetada resigned the government to his eldest son in 1623, Oeyo took a Buddhist name, Sūgen'in (崇源院) or Sogenin. Her mausoleum can be found at Zōjō-ji in the Shiba neighborhood of Tokyo.[4]

Mausoleum of Sugenin taken in Meiji Era

Honours[]

Taiga drama[]

NHK's 2011 Taiga drama, Gō: Himetachi no Sengoku, is based on the life of Oeyo who is played by the actress Juri Ueno.[5][6]

Notable Descendants[]

Together with Odai no Kata (Ieyasu's mother) and Lady Saigo (mother of Hidetada), Oeyo was the matriarch who stabilized the Tokugawa shogunate. Her descendants became shoguns, aristocrats and other prominent political figures. It is speculated that her son, Iemitsu, was the last direct male descendant of Tokugawa Ieyasu, thus ending the patrilineality of the shogunate for the third generation.


  • Tokugawa Masako, married Emperor Go-Mizunoo
    • Empress Meishō
    • Imperial Prince Takahito Shinno (1626–1628)
    • Imperial Princess On'nani no Miya Naishinno (1625–1651)
    • Wakamiya
    • Kikumiya
    • Imperial Princess Akiko no Miya Naishinno (1629–1675)
    • Imperial Princess Noriko no Miya Naishinno (1632–1696)



  • Senhime – Daughter, married Toyotomi Hideyori and later married Honda Tadatoki
    • (1619–1621)
    • (1618–1678) married Ikeda Mitsumasa



Notes[]

  1. ^ Hickman, Money L. et al. (2002). Japan's Golden Age: Momoyama, p. 283.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c "The silk coloured portrait of wife of Takatsugu Kyogoku," Archived 2011-05-06 at the Wayback Machine Digital Cultural Properties of Wakasa Obama; Oichinokata Archived 2012-09-08 at archive.today, Gifu prefecture website.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b Wilson, Richard L. (1985). Ogata Kenzan (1663–1743), p. 40.
  4. ^ Tanabe Yasushi. "On the Sogenin's Mansoleum at Zojoji Temple" (崇源院靈牌所造營考). Transactions of the Institute of Japanese Architects (建築学会論文集). No. 19360331, pp.317-323.
  5. ^ 大河ドラマ 第50作 江（ごう） 姫たちの戦国 Archived 2009-07-11 at the Wayback Machine; "Atsuhime"-Autorin für NHKs 2011er Taiga-Drama gewählt (citing Tokyograph), Archived 2011-05-06 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ J-Dorama.

References[]

  • Hickman, Money L., John T. Carpenter and Bruce A. Coats. (2002). Japan's Golden Age: Momoyama. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-09407-7; OCLC 34564921
  • Wilson, Richard L. (1985). Ogata Kenzan (1663–1743) (PhD thesis/dissertation). Lawrence, Kansas: University of Kansas. OCLC 19111312
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