The following Union Army units and commanders fought in the Battle of Opequon in the American Civil War . The Confederate order of battle is listed separately. The battle was fought on September 19, 1864 near Winchester , Virginia , and Opequon Creek . The battle is also known as the Third Battle of Winchester and the Battle of Opequon Creek .
Abbreviations used [ ]
Military rank [ ]
Other [ ]
Army of the Shenandoah [ ]
MG Philip Sheridan , Commanding[Note 1]
Staff: Maj George Alexander Forsyth [4]
VI Corps [ ]
MG Horatio Wright
Division
Brigade
Regiments and Others
First Division
BG David Allen Russell (k )[5]
BG Emory Upton (w )[5]
Col Oliver Edwards
1st Brigade
Ltc Edward L. Campbell[Note 2]
4th New Jersey : Cpt Baldwin Hufty
10th New Jersey : Maj Lambert Boeman
15th New Jersey : Cpt William T. Cornish
2nd Brigade
BG Emory Upton
Col Joseph Hamblin [7]
96th Pennsylvania Battalion
3rd Brigade
Col Oliver Edwards
Col Isaac C. Bassett[Note 4]
37th Massachusetts : Ltc George L. Montague
49th Pennsylvania : Ltc Baynton J. Hickman
82nd Pennsylvania : Col Isaac C. Bassett
119th Pennsylvania : Ltc Gideon Clark
2nd Rhode Island (battalion): Cpt Elisha Hunt Rhodes
5th Wisconsin (battalion): Maj Charles W. Kempf
Second Division
BG George W. Getty
1st Brigade
BG Frank Wheaton
62nd New York : Ltc Theodore B. Hamilton (w )[10]
93rd Pennsylvania : Ltc John S. Long
98th Pennsylvania : Ltc John B. Kohler
102nd Pennsylvania : Maj James H. Coleman
139th Pennsylvania : Maj Robert Munroe
2nd Brigade (a.k.a. First Vermont Brigade )[11]
Col James M. Warner [Note 5]
Ltc Amasa S. Tracy
(supervised part of line)
2nd Vermont : Maj Enoch E. Johnson
3rd Vermont : Maj Horace W. Floyd
5th Vermont : Cpt Addison Brown, Jr. (w )
6th Vermont : Cpt Martin W. Davis
11th Vermont/1st Heavy Artillery : Maj Aldace F. Walker
3rd Brigade
BG Daniel D. Bidwell
1st Maine Veterans [Note 6] : Maj Stephen C. Fletcher
43rd New York : Maj Charles A. Milliken
49th New York (battalion)[Note 7] Ltc Erastus D. Holt
77th New York : Ltc Winsor B. French
122nd New York : Ltc Augustus Wade Dwight (w ),[11] Maj Jabez M. Brower
61st Pennsylvania (battalion): Cpt Charles S. Greene (w ), Cpt David J. Taylor
Third Division
BG James Ricketts
1st Brigade
Col William Emerson
14th New Jersey : Maj Peter Vredenburgh (k ),[14] Cpt Jacob J. Janeway
106th New York : Cpt Peter Robinson
151st New York : Ltc Thomas M. Fay
87th Pennsylvania : Col John W. Schall
10th Vermont : Maj Edwin Dillingham (k ),[14] Cpt Lucius T. Hunt
2nd Brigade
Col J. Warren Keifer
6th Maryland: Col John W. Horn (w ),[15] Cpt Clifton K. Printiss
9th New York Heavy Artillery : Maj Charles Burgess
110th Ohio : Ltc Otho H. Binkley
122nd Ohio : Col William H. Ball
126th Ohio : Ltc Aaron W. Ebright (k ),[14] Cpt George W. Hoge
67th Pennsylvania: Lt John F. Young
138th Pennsylvania : Col Matthew R. McClennan (w )[Note 8] , Maj Lewis A. May
Artillery
Artillery Brigade
Col Charles H. Tompkins
5th Maine Light Artillery : Cpt Greenlief T. Stevens
1st Massachusetts Light Artillery, Battery A: Cpt William H. McCartney
1st New York Light Artillery, Battery: Lt William H. Johnson (k ),[14] Lt Orsamus R. Van Etten
1st Rhode Island Light Artillery, Battery C : Lt Jacob H. Lamb
1st Rhode Island Light Artillery, Battery G : Cpt George W. Adams
5th U.S. Artillery, Battery M: Cpt James McKnight
Army of West Virginia [ ]
BG George Crook
Division
Brigade
Regiments and Others
First Division
Col Joseph Thoburn
1st Brigade
Col George D. Wells
34th Massachusetts : Maj Harrison W. Pratt
5th New York Heavy Artillery, 2nd Battalion: Major Caspar Urban
116th Ohio : Ltc Thomas F. Wildes
123rd Ohio : Cpt John W. Chamberlain
3rd Brigade
Col Thomas M. Harris
23rd Illinois (battalion): Cpt Samuel A. Simison
54th Pennsylvania : Ltc John P. Linton (w )[17] Maj Enoch D. Yutzy
10th West Virginia : Maj Henry H. Withers
11th West Virginia : Ltc Van H. Bukey
15th West Virginia : Maj John W. Holliday
Second Division (Kanawha Division )
Col Isaac H. Duval (w )
Col Rutherford B. Hayes
1st Brigade
Col Rutherford B. Hayes
Col Hiram F. Devol
23rd Ohio : Ltc James M. Comly
36th Ohio : Col Hiram F. Devol, Ltc William H. G. Adrey
5th West Virginia (battalion): Ltc William H. Enochs
13th West Virginia : Col William K. Brown
2nd Brigade
Col Daniel D. Johnson (w )
Ltc Benjamin F. Coates
34th Ohio (battalion): Ltc Luther Furney
91st Ohio : Ltc Benjamin F. Coates, Maj Lemuel Z. Cadet
9th West Virginia : Maj Benjamin F. Skinner
14th West Virginia : Ltc George W. Taggart
Artillery
Artillery Brigade
Cpt Henry A. du Pont
Note: Thoburn's 2nd Brigade was detached to guard wagons and field hospitals.[18]
XIX Corps [ ]
BG William H. Emory
Division
Brigade
Regiments and Others
First Division
BG William Dwight
1st Brigade
Col George L. Beal
29th Maine : Maj William Knowlton (mw ),[3] Cpt Alfred L. Turner
30th Massachusetts: Cpt Samuel D. Shipley
114th New York : Col Samuel R. Per Lee (w ),[19] Maj Oscar H. Curtis
116th New York : Col George M. Love
153rd New York : Col Edwin P. Davis
2nd Brigade
BG James W. McMillan
Division Artillery
Second Division
BG Cuvier Grover
1st Brigade
BG Henry W. Birge
9th Connecticut : Col Thomas W. Cahill
12th Maine : Ltc Edwin Ilsley
14th Maine : Col Thomas W. Parker
26th Massachusetts : Col Alphon B. Farr
14th New Hampshire : Col Alexander Gardiner (k ); Cpt Flavel L. Tolman
75th New York : Ltc Willoughby Babcock (k ), Maj Benjamin F. Thurber
2nd Brigade
Col Edward L. Molineux
13th Connecticut : Col Charles D. Blinn
3rd Massachusetts Cavalry (dismounted): Ltc Lorenzo D. Sargent
11th Indiana : Col Daniel Macauley
22nd Iowa : Col Harvey Graham
131st New York : Col Nicholas W. Day
159th New York : Ltc William Waltermire
3rd Brigade
Col Jacob Sharpe (w )[21]
Ltc Alfred Neafie
38th Massachusetts: Ltc James P. Richardson (w ),[21] Maj Charles F. Allen
128th New York : Cpt Charles R. Anderson
156th New York : Ltc Alfred Neafie, Cpt James J. Hoyt
175th New York (3 companies): Cpt Charles McCarthy
176th New York : Maj Charles Lewis
4th Brigade
Col David Shunk
8th Indiana: Ltc Alexander J. Kenny
18th Indiana : Ltc William S. Charles
24th Iowa : Ltc John Q. Wilds
28th Iowa : Ltc Bartholomew W. Wilson
Division Artillery
Maine Light Artillery, 1st Battery : Cpt Albert W. Bradbury
Artillery
Reserve
Cpt Elijah D. Taft
Cavalry Corps [ ]
BG Alfred T. A. Torbert
Division
Brigade
Regiments and Others
First Division
BG Wesley Merritt
1st Brigade
BG George Armstrong Custer
1st Michigan Cavalry : Col Peter Stagg
5th Michigan Cavalry : Maj Smith H. Hastings
6th Michigan Cavalry : Col James H. Kidd
7th Michigan Cavalry : Ltc Melvin Brewer (mw )[22]
25th New York Cavalry: Maj Charles J. Seymour
2nd Brigade
BG Thomas C. Devin
4th New York Cavalry: Maj August Haurand (w ), Maj Edward Schwartz
6th New York Cavalry: Maj William E. Beardsley
9th New York Cavalry : Ltc George S. Nichols
19th New York Cavalry (1st Dragoons ): Col Alfred Gibbs
17th Pennsylvania Cavalry : Maj Coe Durland
Reserve Brigade
Col Charles Russell Lowell
Second Division
BG William W. Averell
1st Brigade
Col James M. Schoonmaker
22nd Pennsylvania Cavalry : Ltc Andrew J. Greenfield
8th Ohio Cavalry : Col Alpheus S. Moore
14th Pennsylvania Cavalry : Cpt Ashbell F. Duncan (mw ) Cpt William W. Miles
2nd Brigade
Col William H. Powell [Note 9]
1st New York Cavalry : Maj Timothy Quinn
1st West Virginia Cavalry : Maj Harvey Farabee
2nd West Virginia Cavalry : Ltc John J. Hoffman
3rd West Virginia Cavalry : Maj John S. Witcher
Division Artillery
5th U.S. Artillery, Battery L: Lt Gulian V. Weir
Third Division
BG James H. Wilson
1st Brigade
BG John B. McIntosh (w )[26]
Ltc George A. Purington
1st Connecticut Cavalry : Maj George O. Marcy
3rd New Jersey Cavalry : Maj William P. Robeson, Jr.
2nd New York Cavalry : Cpt Walter C. Hull
5th New York Cavalry : Maj Abram H. Krom
2nd Ohio Cavalry : Ltc George A. Purington, Maj A. Bayard Nettleton
18th Pennsylvania Cavalry : Ltc William P. Brinton (c ),[26] Maj John W. Phillips
2nd Brigade
BG George H. Chapman (w )[26]
Col William Wells[Note 10]
3rd Indiana Cavalry (2 companies): Lt Benjamin F. Gilbert
1st New Hampshire Cavalry (battalion): Col John L. Thompson
8th New York Cavalry : Ltc William H. Benjamin
22nd New York Cavalry : Maj Caleb Moore
1st Vermont Cavalry : Col William Wells
Horse Artillery
Horse Artillery
Cpt La Rhett L. Livingston
1st United States, Batteries K and L: Lt Franck E. Taylor
2nd United States, Batteries B and L: Cpt Charles H. Pierce
2nd United States, Battery D: Lt Edward B. Williston
3rd United States, Batteries C and F: Lt William C. Cuyler[Note 11]
4th United States, Battery C: Lt Terrence Reilly
Notes [ ]
[ ]
^ Source for all information is the Official Records... by Ainsworth and Kirkley of the United States War Department, Volume XLIII, Chapter LV, pp. 107–112.[1] This source has been compared to Appendix 1 in Scott Patchan's The Last Battle of Winchester... , and differences are footnoted.[2] A small number of cases use additional sources, such as the National Park Service, and are footnoted.[3]
^ Col William Penrose is listed by Pachan but not by the official records. Campbell's September 26 report says he (Campbell) was in command at Opequon.[6]
^ 95th and 96th Pennsylvania were guarding trains and not engaged in the battle.[8]
^ Bassett not listed by Patchan. Assumed command when Edwards assumed command of division.[9]
^ Brigadier General Lewis A. Grant was on a leave of absence.[11]
^ Both sources list this regiment as the 7th Maine. However, the 1st Regiment, Maine Veteran Infantry was formed on August 21, 1864 from that and other regiments.[12]
^ Patchan lists this battalion as the 29th New York, but Lt. Col. Holt was in the 49th.[13]
^ Col McClennan, who had been ill, retired from field due to exhaustion.[16]
^ Col Henry Capehart (1st West Virginia Cavalry) is listed by the Official Records as commander of Averell's Second Brigade, while Patchan lists Powell. Powell was described as leading the brigade by one soldier, and Powell replaced Averell on September 23.[24] [25]
^ Chapman was disabled for several hours as a bullet hit his sword belt. Colonel William Wells became the active commander of the brigade, although Chapman remained on the field.[22]
^ Official records say the 3rd and 4th U.S. batteries were not engaged in the battle.[1] However, one historian describes Lieutenant Cuyler and the 3rd U.S. being used by Merritt to assault Fort Collier.[4] [22]
Citations [ ]
^ a b Ainsworth & Kirkley 1902 , pp. 107–112
^ Patchan 2013 , Appendix 1 of e-book
^ a b "Third Battle of Winchester" . National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. Retrieved 2020-12-23 .
^ a b Patchan 2013 , Ch. 19 of e-book
^ a b Ainsworth & Kirkley 1902 , p. 185
^ Ainsworth & Kirkley 1902 , p. 168
^ Ainsworth & Kirkley 1902 , p. 174
^ Ainsworth & Kirkley 1902 , p. 107
^ Ainsworth & Kirkley 1902 , p. 188
^ Ainsworth & Kirkley 1902 , p. 198
^ a b c Patchan 2013 , Ch. 14 of e-book
^ "Union Maine Volunteers - 1st Regiment, Maine Veteran Infantry" . National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. Retrieved 2020-11-18 .
^ "Soldier Details - Holt, Erastus D." National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. Retrieved 2020-11-18 .
^ a b c d Ainsworth & Kirkley 1902 , p. 119
^ Ainsworth & Kirkley 1902 , p. 222
^ Ainsworth & Kirkley 1902 , p. 249
^ Ainsworth & Kirkley 1902 , p. 389
^ Wert 2010 , p. 83
^ Ainsworth & Kirkley 1902 , p. 292
^ Patchan 2013 , Ch. 16 of e-book
^ a b Patchan 2013 , Ch. 15 of e-book
^ a b c Patchan 2013 , Ch. 20 of e-book
^ Ainsworth & Kirkley 1902 , p. 445
^ Sutton 2001 , p. 160
^ Ainsworth & Kirkley 1902 , p. 505
^ a b c Ainsworth & Kirkley 1902 , p. 518
References [ ]
Ainsworth, Fred C.; Kirkley, Joseph W. (1902). The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies - Series I Volume XLIII Part I - Additions and Corrections, Chapter LV . Washington, District of Columbia: Government Printing Office. ISBN 978-0-91867-807-2 . OCLC 427057 . Retrieved 2020-11-06 .
Patchan, Scott C. (2013). The Last Battle of Winchester: Phil Sheridan, Jubal Early, and the Shenandoah Valley Campaign, August 7-September 19, 1864 . El Dorado Hills, Calif: Savas Beatie. ISBN 978-1-932714-98-2 . OCLC 751578151 .
Sutton, Joseph J. (2001) [1892]. History of the Second Regiment, West Virginia Cavalry Volunteers, During the War of the Rebellion . Huntington, WV: Blue Acorn Press. ISBN 978-0-9628866-5-2 . OCLC 263148491 .
Wert, Jeffry D. (2010). From Winchester to Cedar Creek: The Shenandoah Campaign of 1864 . Carbondale, Illinois: Southern Illinois University Press. ISBN 978-0-80932-972-4 . OCLC 463454602 .