Organization of the Oppressed on Earth
The Organization of the Oppressed on Earth is a group that claimed responsibility for kidnappings, bombings, and executions in Lebanon in the 1980s. It was considered a precursor to, or another name for, Islamic Jihad and Hezbollah.
Connection to Hezbollah[]
The US, Israel, and Canada consider the names "Islamic Jihad Organization", "Organization of the Oppressed on Earth" and the "Revolutionary Justice Organization" to be synonymous with Hezbollah.[1][2][3]
Jeffrey Goldberg in the New York Post wrote:
Using various names, including the Islamic Jihad Organization and the Organization of the Oppressed on Earth, Hezbollah remained underground until 1985, when it published a manifesto condemning the West, and proclaiming, ".... Allah is behind us supporting and protecting us while instilling fear in the hearts of our enemies."[4]
Activities[]
Bombings[]
They had claimed responsibility for a 1985 bombing attack against the Madrid offices of British Airways and Trans World Airlines.[5]
Kidnappings[]
They kidnapped 4 Jews in 1985, including Isaac Sasson the leader of the Jewish community in Lebanon and Dr. Ellie Hallaq, the community doctor. [5] Isaac Sasson (Arabic: إسحق ساسون) was taken at gunpoint March 31, 1985, on his way from the Beirut International Airport, after a trip to Abu Dhabi.[6] They murdered these abductees one-by-one.[7][8]
In 1987, they kidnapped British citizen Terry Waite who was in Lebanon as a hostage negotiator.[9] Waite remained in captivity for 1,763 days, the first four years of which were spent in solitary confinement. He was finally released on 18 November 1991.[10]
In 1989, they kidnapped and then later hung United States Lieutenant Colonel Richard Higgins. Higgins was a member of the United Nations Truce Supervisory Organization observer unit and was accused of spying by his captors. [11][12] A videotape was released July 31, showing his body hanging from a gallows.[13]
References[]
- ^ Levitt, Matthew. "Hezbollah Finances – Funding the Party of God." The Washington Institute. February 2005. 1 February 2015.
- ^ Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs (11 April 1996). "Hizbullah". Retrieved 17 August 2006.
- ^ "SOR/2003-53: Criminal Code; Regulations Amending the Regulations Establishing a List of Entities" (PDF). Canada Gazette Part II. 137 (1 extra): 1. 12 February 2003. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 January 2012.
- ^ In The Party Of God Archived 23 February 2007 at the Wayback Machine Part I, By Jeffrey Goldberg, The New Yorker, 14 October 2002
- ^ a b ""Shiite Moslem Faction Says It Holds 4 Lebanese Jews"".
- ^ Jack Anderson (Sep 17, 1985). "Caught in the cross-fire". Lewiston Daily Sun. p. 3.
- ^ "URGENT Police Find Body of Missing Lebanese Jew".
- ^ "Terrorism in the Cold War: State Support in the West, Middle East and Latin America". p. 202.
- ^ "Who are Hezbollah?".
- ^ "From the archive: Bells ring nationwide to welcome Terry Waite". www.churchtimes.co.uk. Retrieved 2020-03-13.
- ^ "GROUP IN BEIRUT SAYS IT HANGED US COLONEL".
- ^ " "Hostage-Taking and Kidnapping Terror in the COE".
- ^ "Sketches of Groups Holding Hostages in Lebanon With AM-Hostages, Bjt".
- Hezbollah
- Organizations designated as terrorist in Asia
- Organizations designated as terrorist by Canada
- Islamic terrorism in Lebanon
- 1985 establishments in Lebanon