Ospedale degli Incurabili, Venice

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Ospedale degli Incurabili
Ospedale degli incurabili
Venezia - Casa degli Incurabili.jpg
The former hospital in 2017
Wikimedia | © OpenStreetMap
General information
Location, Venice
CountryItaly
Coordinates45°25′43″N 12°19′50″E / 45.4286°N 12.3305°E / 45.4286; 12.3305Coordinates: 45°25′43″N 12°19′50″E / 45.4286°N 12.3305°E / 45.4286; 12.3305
Current tenantsAccademia di Belle Arti di Venezia
Design and construction
ArchitectJacopo Sansovino
Eighteenth-century engraving of the Ospedali degli Incurabili

The Ospedale degli Incurabili is a large sixteenth-century hospital building on the  [it], in the sestiere of Dorsoduro, in Venice in north-eastern Italy.[1][2] Today it is occupied by the Accademia di Belle Arti di Venezia.[3]:153 It was built in the second half of the sixteenth century; the church – which no longer exists – may have been designed by Jacopo Sansovino.

History[]

The Ospedale degli Incurabili dates from the early sixteenth century; the first documented mention of it is from 1522. It was established by Gaetano da Thiene[3]:153 with money donated by two noblewomen, Maria Grimani and Maria Malipiero.[1]:258 It was at first intended to accommodate those with incurable diseases such as syphilis, but later – like several other Venetian institutions – became an orphanage.[4]:428[2]:65 The first structure was probably of wood.[3]:153

From about 1565 – when a request for funds was made to the Senate – until his death in 1597, Antonio da Ponte was responsible for the construction of a substantial building with a large porticoed courtyard, in which stood a church dedicated to San Salvatore, probably built to a design by Jacopo Sansovino.[3]:153 It has been suggested that he was also responsible for the layout of the hospital building, which others attribute to .[1]:259[4]:428

In 1807, after the which followed the fall of the Republic of Venice and its subsequent fall under the dominion of Napoleon, the structure of the Incurabili became first a civil hospital and then, in 1819, a military barracks. The church of San Salvatore was stripped of its contents – which included the altars, marble statuary, and paintings by L'Aliense, Giorgione, Sante Peranda, Tintoretto and Paolo Veronese – and was closed; in 1831 it was demolished.[1]:259[5]:74

Among those associated with the work of the Incurabili in its early years are Ignazio da Loyola, Gerolamo Miani and Francesco Saverio.[1]:259[3]:153

Music[]

As in the other three Ospedali Grandi – the or Ospedaletto, the , and the Pietà – the young women of the Incurabili received extensive musical education, and gave musical performances which by the eighteenth century had acquired international renown; among those who gave accounts of such performances were Charles Burney, Goethe, Johann Joachim Quantz and Jean-Jacques Rousseau.[6]:42 The first documented oratorio performance at the Incurabili was in 1677, of the San Francesco Xaverio of Carlo Pallavicino, who was there from 1674 until 1685.[7][8] From 1696 until at least 1718 – and perhaps until 1722 – the musical director was Carlo Francesco Pollarolo.[9] The Hamburg composer Johann Adolph Hasse had associations with the Incurabili for some fifty years,[10]:282 and was maestro di cappella there from no later than 1736.[11] After his departure for Dresden, he recommended that the post be given to Niccolò Jommelli, who was appointed in 1743.[11][12]

Vincenzo Legrenzio Ciampi worked at the Ospedale from 1747 until his death in 1762, initially as assistant maestro di coro under , and then as maestro. He was able to obtain permission to spend long periods abroad, and was in London for much of this time; Gioacchino Cocchi took his place during his absences.[13][14]

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Marcello Brusegan (2005). La grande guida dei monumenti di Venezia (in Italian). Roma: Newton & Compton. ISBN 9788854104754.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b [s.n.] (2004). Venezia e provincia: Chioggia, la Laguna, i lidi, le ville del Brenta (in Italian). Milano: Touring Editore. ISBN 9788836529186.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Giovanna Cassese (editor) (2013). Accademie: Patrimoni di Belle Arti (in Italian). Roma: Gangemi Editore. ISBN 9788849226713.
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b Letizia Gianni (1985). Venezia (Guida d'Italia, volume 7, in Italian). Milano: Touring Club Italiano. ISBN 9788836500062.
  5. ^ Giuseppe Tassini (1885). Edifici di Venezia distrutti o volti ad uso diverso da quello a cui furono in origine destinati (in Italian). Venezia: Reale tipografia G. Cecchini.
  6. ^ Eleanor Selfridge-Field (1994 [1975]). Venetian Instrumental Music from Gabrieli to Vivaldi, third revised edition. Mineola, New York: Dover Publications. ISBN 0486281515.
  7. ^ Howard E. Smither (2001). Oratorio. Grove Music Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.20397. (subscription required).
  8. ^ Harris S. Saunders (2001). Pallavicino, Carlo. Grove Music Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.20762. (subscription required).
  9. ^ Olga Termini (2001). Pollarolo, Carlo Francesco. Grove Music Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.22025. (subscription required).
  10. ^ Sven Hostrup Hansell (1970). Sacred Music at the "Incurabili" in Venice at the Time of J. A. Hasse, part I. Journal of the American Musicological Society 23 (2): 282–301. (subscription required).
  11. ^ Jump up to: a b Sven Hansell (2002). Hasse, Johann Adolf. Grove Music Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.O008779. (subscription required).
  12. ^ Marita P. McClymonds, Paul Cauthen (2002). Jommelli, Niccolò (opera). Grove Music Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.O009120. (subscription required).
  13. ^ Dennis Libby, Saskia Willaert, James L. Jackman (2001). Ciampi, Vincenzo (Legrenzio). Grove Music Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.05750. (subscription required).
  14. ^ Piero Weiss (2001). Cocchi, Gioacchino. Grove Music Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.06014. (subscription required).
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