Outline of Turkey

The Emblem of Turkey

The location of Turkey

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Turkey:

Turkey – sovereign Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in Southwest Asia and Thrace (Rumelia) at the southeastern tip of the Balkan Peninsula in Southern Europe.^[1] Turkey is a democratic, secular, unitary, constitutional republic whose political system was established in 1923 under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, following the fall of the Ottoman Empire in the aftermath of World War I.

General reference[]

Pronunciation: /ˈtɜːr.ki/ (listen)
Common English country name: Turkey
Official English country name: The Republic of Turkey
Common endonym(s), i.e., in Turkish: Türkiye
Official endonym(s): Türkiye Cumhuriyeti (help·info)
Adjectival(s): Turkish
Demonym(s): Turks (in Turkish language: Türkler)
Etymology: Name of Turkey
International rankings of Turkey
ISO country codes: TR, TUR, 792
ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:TR
Internet country code top-level domain: .tr

Geography of Turkey[]

Turkey is a mountainous country.

Little Ararat is in the Eastern Anatolia Region.

Turkey has a coastline of 7,200km.

Turkey is: a country
Location:
- Northern Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere
  - Asia (except Thrace)
    - Southwest Asia
  - Europe
    - Southeast Europe
- Time zone
  - Turkey Standard Time (UTC+03:00), since 2016
  - Eastern European Time (UTC+02:00) Eastern Daylight Time (UTC+03:00), until 2016.
- Extreme points of Turkey
  - High: Mount Ararat 5,137 m (16,854 ft)
  - Low: Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea 0 m
- Land boundaries: 2,648 km (1645 mi)

Syria (outline) 822 km (511 mi)

Iran (outline) 499 km (511 mi)

Iraq (outline) 352 km (310 mi)

Armenia (outline) 268 km (167 mi)

Georgia (outline) 252 km (157 mi)

Bulgaria (outline) 240 km (149 mi)

Greece (outline) 206 km (5128 mi)

Azerbaijan (outline) 9 km (6 mi)

Coastline: 7,200 km (4,474 mi)

Population of Turkey: 82 million 19th most populous country
Area of Turkey: 783,562km² (302,455 sq mi) 36th most extensive country
Atlas of Turkey
Cities of Turkey, by population

Environment of Turkey[]

Turkish Angora is a distinctive breed from Ankara

Van cat is a distinctive cat breed that enjoys swimming

Climate of Turkey
- Climate change in Turkey
Environmental issues in Turkey
Ecoregions in Turkey
Renewable energy in Turkey
- Geothermal power in Turkey
- Solar power in Turkey
- Wind power in Turkey
Geology of Turkey
- Earthquakes in Turkey
National parks of Turkey
Protected areas of Turkey
Wildlife of Turkey
- Flora of Turkey
- Fauna of Turkey
  - Amphibians of Turkey
  - Birds of Turkey
  - Mammals of Turkey
  - Reptiles of Turkey

Geographic features of Turkey[]

Antalya is in the Mediterranean Region

Pamukkale is World Heritage Site in the Aegean Region

Glaciers of Turkey
Islands of Turkey
Lakes of Turkey
- Anti-Taurus Mountains
- Pontic Mountains
- Sultan Mountains
- Taurus Mountains
- Yalnızçam Mountains
- Yıldız Mountains
- Volcanoes of Turkey
Rivers of Turkey
- Büyük Menderes River
- Euphrates
- Kızılırmak
- Meriç
- Sakarya River
- Tigris
Waterfalls of Turkey
Valleys of Turkey
World Heritage Sites in Turkey

Regions of Turkey[]

Aegean Region
Black Sea Region
Central Anatolia Region
Eastern Anatolia Region
Marmara Region
Mediterranean Region
Southeastern Anatolia Region

Ecoregions of Turkey[]

List of ecoregions in Turkey

Ecoregions in Turkey

Administrative divisions of Turkey[]

Administrative divisions of Turkey

Provinces of Turkey
Districts of Turkey

Provinces of Turkey[]

Provinces of Turkey Turkey is divided into 81 provinces, called iller in Turkish

Districts of Turkey[]

Districts of Turkey The provinces of Turkey are divided into 923 districts (ilçeler; sing. ilçe).

Demography of Turkey[]

Demographics of Turkey

Census in Turkey

Government and politics of Turkey[]

Turkish flag

Ankara is the capital

Form of government: Unitary presidential constitutional republic
Capital of Turkey: Ankara
Flag of Turkey
Elections in Turkey
Political parties in Turkey
- Justice and Development Party (AKP)
- Republican People's Party (CHP)
- Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP)
- Nationalist Movement Party (MHP)
- Good Party
- Worker’s Party
- Democracy and Progress Party
- Communist Party
- Green Party
- Future Party

National government[]

Constitution of Turkey

Legislative branch[]

The Parliament of Turkey

Parliament of Turkey
- Speaker of the Grand National Assembly

Executive branch[]

The Presidential Complex

Head of state: President of Turkey, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (12th)
- Vice President of Turkey: Fuat Oktay (1st)
- Cabinet of Turkey
Head of government: Prime Minister of Turkey, Binali Yıldırım (27th)

Judicial branch[]

A courthouse in Istanbul

Turkey national courts
- Constitutional Court of Turkey
  - Chief Justice of Turkey
- High Court of Appeals of Turkey
- Supreme Council of Public Accounts
- Court of Jurisdictional Disputes

Foreign relations[]

Foreign policy of Turkey

International organization membership[]

Member state of the Group of Twenty (G20)
Member state of Council of Europe
Member state of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Member state of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation
Member state of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
Member state of the United Nations
Member state of the Turkic Council

Military[]

Turkish navy

Turkish Army
- Turkish Gendarmerie
Turkish Air Force
Turkish Coast Guard

Intelligence organizations[]

National Intelligence Organization (MİT)
KDGM
General Staff of the Turkish Armed Forces
Gendarmerie Intelligence Organization

History of Turkey[]

Ephesus

Hagia Sophia

Topkapı is one of the many Ottoman palaces in Istanbul.

History of Turkey, by period[]

Ancient period
Ancient settlements in Turkey
Ancient kingdoms of Anatolia
Ottoman Empire
Rebellions in the Ottoman Empire

History of Turkey, by subject[]

Constitutional history of Turkey
Economic history of Turkey
Genetic history of the Turkish people
History of the Jews in Turkey
Military history of Turkey
History of Turkish navies

Culture of Turkey[]

Topkapı served as the main residence of Ottoman sultans in the 15th and 16th centuries.

Dolmabahçe Palace is on the Bosporus with sweeping views.

Dolmabahçe Palace displays Baroque influences in Ottoman architecture.

The chandelier in Dolmabahçe Palace was a gift from Queen Victoria.

Appreciation for Turkish coffee in Istanbul led to the creation of the first ever coffeehouse in the world.

Salep is a traditional drink that is made out of orchids.

Turkey consumes more tea per capita than any other country.

Boza is a popular wintertime malt drink.

Turquerie: Madame de Pompadour portrayed as a Turkish lady in 1747.

Turquerie: Crown prince of Austria had his working room decorated in the Turkish style in 1881.

Architecture
- Ottoman architecture
Cuisine
Languages
- Adyghe (Circassian)
- Northern Kurdish
- Ladino
- Turkish
  - Regional Turkish
- Turkish Sign Language
- Western Armenian
Media
- Newspapers
- Radio stations
- Television
Museums
Public holidays
- Carpets
- Folk dances
- Shadow play
Turkophilia
- Turquerie
World Heritage Sites in Turkey

Art in Turkey[]

Cinema
- Golden Orange Awards
- Turkish actors
- Turkish directors
- Turkish films
- Turkish production companies
- Turkish scriptwriters
Literature
Museums
Music
- Classical composers
- Composers
Theater
- Turkish playwrights
Television
- Television series

Law in Turkey[]

Constitution of Turkey
- Separation of church and state in Turkey
- Separation of powers under the Turkish Constitution
- - Abortion in Turkey
  - Freedom of assembly in Turkey
  - Freedom of association in Turkey
  - Freedom of information in Turkey
  - Freedom of religion in Turkey
  - Freedom of speech in Turkey
  - LGBT rights in Turkey
  - Polygamy in Turkey
  - Prostitution in Turkey
  - Freedom of the press in Turkey
- Capital punishment in Turkey
- Crimes against the public
  - Sumptuary law in Turkey
    - Alcohol laws of Turkey
    - Smoking ban in Turkey
- Crimes against property
  - Bribery in Turkey
  - Gambling in Turkey
  - Intellectual property violation
- Marriage in Turkey
  - Marriageable age
- World Intellectual Property Organization
- Copyright law in Turkey
- - Capital Markets Board of Turkey
- Treaties of Turkey
- Statutory law
Law enforcement in Turkey
- Directorate General of Coastal Safety
  - Coast guards
- Gendarmerie
  - Village guards
- Municipal police
- Riot police
- SWAT team

Religion in Turkey[]

Blue Mosque in Istanbul

Inside the Blue Mosque

Hagia Triada in Istanbul

Hemdat Israel Synagogue

Grand Synagogue of Edirne

Bahá'í Faith in Turkey
Buddhism
Christianity in Turkey
- Catholic Church in Turkey
  - Latin rite
    - Roman Catholic Archdiocese
    - Apostolic Vicariate of Anatolia
    - Apostolic Vicariate of Istanbul
  - Armenian rite
    - Armenian Catholic Archeparchy
  - Byzantine rite
    - Greek Catholic Exarchate
  - West Syriac rite
    - Syriac Catholic Exarchate
  - Chaldean Catholic
    - Chaldean Catholic Archeparchy
- Eastern Orthodoxy in Turkey
  - Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople
  - Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch
  - Turkish Orthodox Patriarchate
- Nestorian Church of the East
  - Assyrian Church of the East
- Oriental Orthodoxy
  - Armenian Apostolic Church
- Protestanism
  - Armenian Evangelical Church
  - German Evangelical Church
  - Greek Evangelical Church
  - Anglican Church
  - The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Islam
- Alevism
- Quranism
  - Shi’a Islam
  - Alawites
  - Twelver
- Sufism
- Sunni Islam
Judaism
- Karaite
- Orthodox
  - Hasidic
  - Modern Orthodox
Scientology
Tengrism
Yazidism

Sports in Turkey[]

Oil wrestling is the national sport of Turkey.

Sports in Turkey

Football in Turkey
Football clubs in Turkey
Turkey at the Olympics

Economy and infrastructure of Turkey[]

Financial district of Levent in Istanbul

Istanbul Airport is the main international airport in Istanbul.

Turkey provides high-speed rail service with speeds up to 300 km/h (186 mph).

Butterfly Valley, home to 105 species of butterflies, is a popular tourist attraction.

Wind farm on Bozcaada

Economic rank, by nominal GDP(2021): 20th
Economic rank, by GDP (PPP) (2021): 11th
Currency of Turkey: ₺ Turkish lira
- ISO 4217: TRY
Banking in Turkey
- Central Bank
Telecommunications in Turkey
- Internet in Turkey
  - Regional Internet Registry for Europe (RIPE NNC)
Economic history of Turkey
- National debt of Turkey
Energy in Turkey
- Energy policy of Turkey
- Electricity sector in Turkey
  - Coal in Turkey
  - Nuclear energy in Turkey
  - Renewable energy in Turkey
    - Geothermal power in Turkey
    - Solar power in Turkey
    - Wind power in Turkey
- Energy policy of Turkey
  - Department of Energy
  - Turkish energy law
Health care in Turkey
Industry trade groups in Turkey
Tourism in Turkey
- Shopping malls in Turkey
Transportation in Turkey
- Air transportation in Turkey
  - Airports in Turkey
- Highway system in Turkey
- Rail transport in Turkey
  - High-speed rail in Turkey
  - History of rail transport in Turkey
- European Union Customs Union
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
- World Trade Organization
- Poverty in Turkey
- Welfare in Turkey
Water supply and sanitation in Turkey

Education in Turkey[]

Robert College is a selective high school in Turkey.

Galatasaray Lisesi (gate pictured) is a public high school in Istanbul that dates back to 1481.

Higher education in Turkey
List of schools in Turkey
- List of private schools in Turkey
  - List of international schools in Turkey
- Lists of universities and colleges
  - List of law schools in Turkey
  - List of medical schools in Turkey
Department of Education in Turkey
- Board of education in Turkey
- Compulsory education in Turkey
Homeschooling in Turkey

References[]

^ "Turkey". The World Factbook. United States Central Intelligence Agency. July 14, 2009. Retrieved July 23, 2009.

[CIA_World_Factbook-1] "Turkey". The World Factbook. United States Central Intelligence Agency. July 14, 2009. Retrieved July 23, 2009.

[1]

show v t Ministries of Turkey
Ministries	Agriculture and Forestry Culture and Tourism (list) Energy and Natural Resources () Environment and Urban Planning () Family and Social Services () Foreign Affairs (list) Health (list) Industry and Technology () Interior (list) Justice (list) National Defense (list) National Education (list) Labour and Social Security () Trade () Transport and Infrastructure (list) Treasury and Finance (list) Youth and Sports ()
Offices	Foreign Affairs EU Affairs and Chief Negotiator
Defunct	Prime Ministry (list) Deputy Prime Ministries (list) Construction and Settlement Coordination Customs and Monopolies Development Economic Affairs Enterprises EU Affairs and Chief Negotiator General Staff Local Governments Navy Sharia and the Foundations Village Affairs

show v t Law enforcement in Turkey
National	General Directorate of Security Gendarmerie General Command Coast Guard Command Directorate General of Coastal Safety General Directorate of Prisons and Detention Houses
Local	Municipal police Village guard system
Intelligence	National Intelligence Organization Gendarmerie Intelligence Department Police Intelligence Department Intelligence Department of the General Staff
Government	National Security Council Ministry of the Interior
Customs	General Directorate of Customs Protection
Military	Askeri İnzibat (Military Police)

show v t International schools in Turkey
France	Lycée Français Pierre Loti d'Istanbul Lycée Français Charles de Gaulle, Ankara Lycée Notre Dame de Sion Istanbul(*)
Germany	Deutsche Schule Istanbul Istanbul High School Cağaloğlu Lisesi
United Kingdom	British International School Istanbul Tarabya British Schools
United States	Robert College Üsküdar American Academy American Collegiate Institute Ankara Elementary/High School
Italy	Liceo Italiano di Istanbul
Austria	St. George's Austrian High School
Japan	Istanbul Japanese School
Russia	Eduant Private Russian School International Russian School in Antalya
International	Istanbul International Community School MEF International School Istanbul
The Agency for French Education Abroad (AEFE) does not include the schools with asterisks *()** in its list of French international schools in Turkey (under "Turquie")