Outline of ancient Egypt

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The Great Sphinx of Giza and Khafre Pyramid

The following outline is provided as an overview of a topical guide to ancient Egypt:

Ancient Egypt – ancient civilization of eastern North Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in what is now the modern country of Egypt. Egyptian civilization coalesced around 3150 BCE (according to conventional Egyptian chronology)[1] with the political unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under the first pharaoh.[2]

The many achievements of the ancient Egyptians include the quarrying, surveying and construction techniques that facilitated the building of monumental pyramids, temples, and obelisks; a system of mathematics; a practical and effective system of medicine; irrigation systems and agricultural production techniques; some of the first known ships;[3] Egyptian faience and glass technology; new forms of literature; and the earliest known peace treaty.[4] Its monuments have inspired the imaginations of travellers and writers for centuries.

What type of thing is Ancient Egypt?[]

Ancient Egypt can be described as:

  • an ancient civilization
    • a Bronze Age civilization
  • part of ancient history

Geography of ancient Egypt[]

Places[]

See also: List of historical capitals of Egypt

more...

Government and politics of ancient Egypt[]

Pharaohs[]

Government officials[]

  • Vizier (Ancient Egypt) – the vizier was the highest official in Ancient Egypt to serve the king, or pharaoh during the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms.
  • Viceroy of Kush – the Lower Nubian Kush was a province of Egypt from the 16th century BCE to eleventh century BCE. During this period it was ruled by a viceroy who reported directly to the Egyptian Pharaoh.
  • Treasurer (Ancient Egypt) – the treasurer was responsible for products coming to the royal palace. They were the main economical administrator of the royal belongings.

Egyptian law[]

Egyptian law

Military of ancient Egypt[]

Military of ancient Egypt

General history of ancient Egypt[]

History of ancient Egypt

History of ancient Egypt, by period[]

  • Prehistoric Egypt – The Prehistory of Egypt spans the period of earliest human settlement to the beginning of the Early Dynastic Period of Egypt in ca. 3100 BCE.
    • Naqada I or Amratian culture - a cultural period in the history of predynastic Upper Egypt, which lasted approximately from 4000 to 3500 BCE.
    • Naqada II or Gerzeh culture - The Gerzean is the second of three phases of the Naqada Culture, and so is called Naqada II. It begins circa 3500 BCE lasting through circa 3200 BCE.
    • Naqada III or Semainean culture - Naqada III is the last phase of the Naqadan period of ancient Egyptian prehistory, dating approximately from 3200 to 3100 BCE.
  • Early Dynastic Period of Egypt – The Archaic or Early Dynastic Period of Egypt immediately follows the unification of Lower and Upper Egypt c. 3100 BCE. It is generally taken to include:
  • Old Kingdom of Egypt – The name given to the period in the 3rd millennium BCE when Egypt attained its first continuous peak of civilization in complexity and achievement – the first of three so-called "Kingdom" periods, which mark the high points of civilization in the lower Nile Valley. This time period includes:
  • First Intermediate Period of Egypt – This period is often described as a “dark period” in Ancient Egyptian history, spanning approximately 140 years after the end of the Old Kingdom from ca. 2181–2055 BCE.[5] It included:
  • Middle Kingdom of Egypt – The period in the history of ancient Egypt between 2055 BCE and 1650 BCE. This period includes:

Some writers include the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Dynasties in the Second Intermediate Period.

History of ancient Egypt, by region[]

  • History of Alexandria

History of ancient Egypt, by subject[]

Egyptology[]

Egyptology – study of ancient Egyptian history, language, literature, religion, architecture and art from the 5th millennium BC until the end of its native religious practices in the 4th century AD. A practitioner of the discipline is an "Egyptologist".

Egyptologists[]

Egyptologist – a practitioner of Egyptology

  • Edward R. Ayrton
  • Giovanni Battista Belzoni
  • Ludwig Borchardt
  • Jaroslav Černý
  • Alan Gardiner
  • Selim Hassan
  • Zahi Hawass
  • Salima Ikram
  • Antonio Loprieno
  • Auguste Mariette
  • Gaston Maspero
  • Édouard Naville
  • William Matthew Flinders Petrie
  • Kim Ryholt

Museums with ancient Egyptian exhibits[]

Museums of Egyptian antiquities

Egypt[]

France[]

  • Louvre

Germany[]

Italy[]

United Kingdom[]

  • British Museum
  • Petrie Museum of Egyptology
  • Ashmolean Museum

United States[]

  • Brooklyn Museum
  • Metropolitan Museum of Art
  • Rosicrucian Egyptian Museum

Culture of ancient Egypt[]

Culture of ancient Egypt

Architecture of ancient Egypt[]

Ancient Egyptian architecture

Buildings and structures[]

  • Block statue
  • Egyptian pyramids (List)
    • Giza pyramid complex
      • Great pyramid of Giza
  • Great Sphinx of Giza
  • Karnak Temple
  • Lighthouse of Alexandria
  • Library of Alexandria
  • Luxor temple
  • Mammisi
  • Mastaba
  • Serdab

Art of ancient Egypt[]

Art of ancient Egypt

Religion in ancient Egypt[]

Ancient Egyptian religion

Ancient Egyptian language[]

Ancient Egyptian language

  • Stages of ancient Egyptian language
    • Archaic Egyptian: before 2600 BC, the language of the Early Dynastic Period. Egyptian writing in the form of labels and signs has been dated to 3200 BC.
    • Old Egyptian: 2686 BC – 2181 BC, the language of the Old Kingdom
    • Middle Egyptian: 2055 BC – 1650 BC, characterized the Middle Kingdom (2055 BC – 1650 BC), but endured through the early 18th Dynasty until the Amarna Period (1353 BC), and continued on as a literary language into the 4th century AD.
    • Late Egyptian: 1069 BC – 700 BC, characterized the Third Intermediate Period (1069 BC – 700 BC), but started earlier with the Amarna Period (1353 BC).
    • Demotic: 7th century BC – 5th century AD, from the Late Period through Roman times
    • Coptic: 1st century AD – 17th century AD, from early Roman times to early modern times
  • Writing systems
  • Decipherment of ancient Egyptian scripts
  • Transliteration of Ancient Egyptian

Egyptian economy[]

Publications about ancient Egypt[]

See also[]

Ancient Egypt lists

References[]

  1. ^ "Chronology". Digital Egypt for Universities, University College London. Retrieved 25 March 2008.
  2. ^ Dodson (2004) p. 46
  3. ^ Ward, Cheryl. "World's Oldest Planked Boats", in Archaeology (Volume 54, Number 3, May/June 2001). Archaeological Institute of America.
  4. ^ Clayton (1994) p. 153
  5. ^ Kathryn A. Bard, An Introduction to the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt (Malden: Blackwell Publishing, 2008), 41.

External links[]

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