Outline of music

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
See also: Index of music articles

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to music:

Music – human expression in the medium of time using the structures of sounds or tones and silence. It is expressed in terms of pitch, rhythm, harmony, and timbre.

Definition of music[]

Main article: Definition of music

The definition of music is:

  • One of the arts –
    • One of the performing arts –
  • One of the humanities –
  • An academic discipline –

History of music[]

See also: List of musical genres by era

History of music

  • Timeline of musical events –
  • Dates of classical music eras
  • Musical periods
    • Prehistoric music
    • Ancient music
    • Biblical period
    • Early music period
      • Andalusian classical music
      • Arab classical music
      • Chinese classical music
      • Indian classical music
      • Iranian classical music
      • European medieval music
        • the ars antiqua
        • the ars nova
        • the ars subtilior
      • Renaissance music
    • Common practice period
      • Baroque music
        • the galant music period
      • Classical period
      • Romantic music
    • 20th-century classical music
      • Impressionism
      • Expressionist
      • Modernism
      • Neoclassicism
      • Experimental music
      • Postmodern music
      • Contemporary classical music
    • 21st-century classical music

By region or ethnicity[]

Musical ensembles[]

Musical ensemble  

Genres of music[]

Music genre   (list)

  • Blues –
  • Classical –
  • Country –
  • Electronic –
    • Electronic dance –
  • Electronica –
  • Folk –
  • Funk –
  • Gospel –
  • Grunge –
  • Hip hop –
  • Jazz –
  • Latin –
    • Latin ballad –
  • Martial music
  • Reggae –
  • Rhythm and blues –
  • Rock –
    • Heavy metal –
    • Progressive rock –
    • Psychedelic rock –
    • Punk rock –
  • Ska –
  • Theatre music –
    • Ballet –
    • Opera –
    • Musical theatre –
      • Incidental music

Music by region[]

Cultural and regional genres of music

Africa
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Benin • Burkina Faso • Cape Verde • Côte d'Ivoire • Gambia • Ghana • Guinea • Guinea-Bissau • Liberia • Mali • Mauritania • Niger • Nigeria • Senegal • Sierra Leone • Togo
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Algeria • Egypt • Libya • Mauritania • Morocco • Sudan • South Sudan •Tunisia • Western Sahara
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Angola • Burundi • Cameroon • Central African Republic • Chad • The Democratic Republic of the Congo • Equatorial Guinea • Gabon • Republic of the Congo • Rwanda • São Tomé and Príncipe
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Burundi • Comoros • Djibouti • Eritrea • Ethiopia • Kenya • Madagascar • Malawi • Mauritius • Mozambique • Rwanda • Seychelles • Somalia • Tanzania • Uganda • Zambia • Zimbabwe
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Botswana • Lesotho • Namibia • South Africa • Eswatini
Dependencies
Mayotte (France) • St. Helena (UK) • Puntland • Somaliland • Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
Antarctica
None
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan • Kyrgyzstan • Tajikistan • Turkmenistan • Uzbekistan
East Asia
China
Tibet
Hong Kong • Macau
Japan • North Korea • South Korea • Mongolia • Taiwan
North Asia
Russia
Southeast Asia
Brunei • Burma (Myanmar) • Cambodia • East Timor (Timor-Leste) • Indonesia • Laos • Malaysia • Philippines () • Singapore • Thailand () • Vietnam
South Asia
Afghanistan • Bangladesh • Bhutan • Maldives • Nepal • Pakistan • Sri Lanka
India
States of India: Andhra Pradesh • Arunachal Pradesh • Assam • Bihar • Chhattisgarh • Goa • Gujarat • Haryana • Himachal Pradesh • Jammu and Kashmir • Jharkhand • Karnataka • Kerala • Madhya Pradesh • Maharashtra • Manipur • Meghalaya • Mizoram • Nagaland • Odisha •  • Rajasthan • Sikkim • Tamil Nadu •  • Tripura • Uttar Pradesh • Uttarakhand • West Bengal
West Asia
Armenia • Azerbaijan • Bahrain • Cyprus (including disputed Northern Cyprus) • Georgia • Iran • Iraq • Israel • Jordan • Kuwait • Lebanon • Oman •  • Qatar • Saudi Arabia • Syria • Turkey • United Arab Emirates • Yemen
Caucasus (a region considered to be in both Asia and Europe, or between them)
North Caucasus
Parts of Russia (Chechnya, Ingushetia, Dagestan, Adyghea, Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachai-Cherkessia, North Ossetia, Krasnodar Krai, Stavropol Krai)
South Caucasus
Georgia (including disputed Abkhazia, South Ossetia) • Armenia • Azerbaijan (including disputed Nagorno-Karabakh Republic)
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• • Albania • Andorra • Armenia • Austria • Azerbaijan • Belarus • Belgium • Bosnia and Herzegovina • Bulgaria • Croatia • Cyprus • Czech Republic • Denmark • Estonia • Faroe Islands • Finland • France • Georgia • Germany • Gibraltar • Greece • Guernsey • Hungary • Iceland • Ireland • Isle of Man • Italy (Rome) • Jersey • Kazakhstan • Kosovo • Latvia • Liechtenstein • Lithuania • Luxembourg • Macedonia • Malta • Moldova (including disputed Transnistria) • Monaco • Montenegro • Netherlands • Poland • Portugal • Romania • Russia • San Marino • Serbia • Slovakia • Slovenia •
Norway
Spain
Autonomous communities of Spain: Catalonia
Sweden • Switzerland • Turkey • Ukraine
United Kingdom
England (Cornwall, , Sussex) • Northern Ireland • Scotland • Wales (Cardiff, Newport)
Vatican City
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Provinces of Canada: • Alberta • British Columbia (Vancouver) • Manitoba • New Brunswick • Newfoundland and Labrador • Nova Scotia • Ontario • Prince Edward Island • Quebec • Saskatchewan
Territories of Canada: Northwest Territories • Nunavut • Yukon
Greenland •
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Alabama • Alaska • Arizona (Tucson) • Arkansas • California (Los Angeles)  • Colorado Denver • Connecticut • Delaware • Florida • Georgia (Athens, Atlanta)  • Hawaii • Idaho • Illinois (Chicago) • Indiana • Iowa • Kansas • Kentucky • Louisiana • Maine • Maryland (Annapolis, Baltimore)  • Massachusetts • Michigan (Detroit)  • Minnesota • Mississippi • Missouri • Montana • Nebraska • Nevada • New Hampshire • New Jersey • New Mexico • New York (New York City)  • North Carolina • North Dakota • Ohio • Oklahoma • Oregon • Pennsylvania (Philadelphia) • Rhode Island • South Carolina • South Dakota • Tennessee • Texas Austin • Utah • Vermont • Virginia • Washington (Olympia, Seattle)  • West Virginia • Wisconsin • Wyoming
Washington, D.C.
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Central America
Belize • Costa Rica • El Salvador • Guatemala • Honduras • Nicaragua • Panama
Caribbean
Anguilla • Antigua and Barbuda • Aruba • Bahamas • Barbados • Bermuda • British Virgin Islands • Cayman Islands • Cuba • Dominica • Dominican Republic • Grenada • Haiti • Jamaica • Montserrat • Netherlands Antilles • Puerto Rico • • Saint Kitts and Nevis • Saint Lucia • • Saint Vincent and the Grenadines • Trinidad and Tobago • Turks and Caicos Islands • United States Virgin Islands
Oceania (includes the continent of Australia)
Australasia
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(Adelaide, Perth, Sydney)
Dependencies/Territories of Australia
• •
New Zealand
Melanesia
Fiji • Indonesia (Oceanian part only) • New Caledonia (France) • Papua New Guinea • Solomon Islands • Vanuatu •
Micronesia
Federated States of Micronesia • Guam (USA) • Kiribati • Marshall Islands • Nauru • Northern Mariana Islands (USA) • Palau • (USA) •
Polynesia
American Samoa (USA) • (NZ) • Cook Islands (NZ) • Easter Island (Chile) • French Polynesia (France) • Hawaii (USA) • (France) • Niue (NZ) • Pitcairn Islands (UK) • • Samoa • Tokelau (NZ) • Tonga • Tuvalu • Wallis and Futuna (France)
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Argentina • Bolivia • Brazil • Chile • Colombia • Ecuador • Falkland Islands • Guyana • Paraguay • Peru • Suriname • Uruguay • Venezuela
South Atlantic
• Saint Helena •

Musical compositions[]

Musical composition

Types of musical pieces and compositions[]

Musical form

Single-movement forms[]

  • Strophic form (AA...) –
  • Binary form (AB) –
  • Ternary form less often tertiary (ABA) –
  • Arch form (ABCBA)

Multi-movement forms[]

  • Ballet –
  • Cantata –
  • Chorale –
  • Concerto –
  • Dance –
  • Etude –
  • Fantasia –
  • Fugue –
  • Mass –
  • Opera –
  • Oratorio –
  • Prelude –
  • Requiem –
  • Rhapsody –
  • Sonata –
  • Suite –
  • Symphonic poem –
  • Symphony –

Sections of a piece or composition[]

Section (music)

  • Introduction –
  • Exposition –
  • Recapitulation –
  • Verse –
  • Refrain (chorus) –
  • Bridge –
  • Interlude –
  • Guitar solo –
  • Conclusion –
  • Coda –
  • Fadeout

Musical notation[]

Musical notation –

  • Staff –
    • Clefs –
    • Key signature –
      • Key –
    • Time signature –
      • Beats –
    • Bars (Measures) –
    • Ledger lines –
  • Grand staff –
  • Notes –
    • Note values –
    • Dotted notes –
    • Ties –
  • Accidentals –
    • Tempo –
    • Dynamics –
  • Lyrics (included on vocal music) –
  • Modern musical symbols
  • Score (for ensembles) –
  • Sheet music

Variations of musical notation[]

  • Percussion notation –
  • Figured bass –
  • Lead sheets –
  • Chord charts –
    • Shape note system –

Musical techniques[]

  • Bell chord
  • Broken chords
    • Arpeggio
      • Bass arpeggiation
      • Non-harmonic arpeggio
  • Ostinato
  • Tremolo
  • Guitar performance techniques

Musical skills and procedures[]

  • Absolute pitch –
  • Ear training –
  • Fingering –
  • Learning music by ear –
  • Modulation –
  • Numerical sight-singing –
  • Practice –
  • Relative pitch –
  • Sight reading –
  • "Swinging" –
  • Transposition –
  • Tuning –
  • Virtuosity –

Vocal ranges[]

  • Vocal range –

Female ranges[]

  • Soprano –
  • Mezzo-soprano –
  • Contralto –

Male ranges[]

  • Boy soprano –
  • Sopranist –
  • Alto –
  • Tenor –
  • Baritone –
  • Bass-baritone –
  • Bass –

Musical instruments[]

Musical instrument   (List of musical instruments)

  • Wind instruments –
  • Percussion instruments –
  • String instruments –
  • Voice –
  • Electronic instruments –
  • Keyboard instruments –
    • Musical keyboard –

See also the List of musical instruments by Hornbostel–Sachs number

Music technology[]

Music technology –

Music industry[]

Music industry

  • Album –
  • Compact disc (CD) –
  • Compact Cassette –
  • Concert –
  • Concert tour –
  • Grammy Awards –
  • Music recording sales certification –
  • Performance –
  • Record –
  • Record industry –
  • Recording studio –
  • Single –

Music industry participants[]

  • A&R –
  • ASCAP –
  • Band manager –
  • Booking agent –
  • BMI –
  • Copyright collective –
  • Disc jockey –
  • MCPS –
  • Musician – person who writes, performs, or makes music. Musicians can be classified by their roles in creating or performing music.
    • Instrumentalist – one who plays a musical instrument.
      • Traditional instrumentalist – one who plays folk music on traditional instruments such as gongs.
      • Classical instrumentalist – one who plays classical music, usually with Western orchestral instruments such as the violin, flute etc.
      • Instrumentalists who plays popular music – one who plays with instruments in the big band, e.g. the electric guitar, drums, saxophone, trumpet, trombone etc.
    • Singer – a vocalist.
    • Composer – person who creates music, either by musical notation or oral tradition, for interpretation and performance, or through direct manipulation of sonic material through electronic media.
      • Songwriter –
      • Arranger –
    • Conductor – leads a musical ensemble. A conductor may simultaneously act as an instrumentalist in the ensemble.
    • Recording artist – creates recorded music, such as CDs and MP3 files.
  • Musicians' Union –
  • Publisher –
  • PRS –
  • Record producer –
  • Record label –
  • Record distributor –
  • Tour promoter –
  • Road crew ("roadies") –
  • Performance rights organisation –

Music theory[]

Music theory

Elements of music[]

Elements of music –

  • Pitch –
  • Scale –
  • Mode –
  • Chord –
  • Dynamics (music) –
  • Articulation –
  • Texture –
  • Consonance and dissonance –
  • Expression –
  • Harmony –
  • Melody –
  • Musical form –
  • Notation –
  • Rhythm –
  • Timbre –

Musicology[]

Musicology –

Music education[]

Music education –

  • Music lessons –

Music and politics[]

Music and politics –

Music organizations[]

Music publications[]

Psychology of music[]

Psychology of music

See also[]

External links[]

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